Top

Gepubliceerd in:

01-10-2009 | Empirical Research

Posttraumatic Stress as a Mediator of the Relationship Between Trauma and Mental Health Problems Among Juvenile Delinquents

Auteurs: Patricia K. Kerig, Rose Marie Ward, Karin L. Vanderzee, Melissa Arnzen Moeddel

Gepubliceerd in: Journal of Youth and Adolescence | Uitgave 9/2009

Abstract

This study investigated the interrelationships among trauma exposure, PTSD, and mental health problems in a sample of 289 adolescents (199 male, 90 female) detained in a juvenile correctional facility. Mean differences were found in that females scored higher than males on measures of interpersonal trauma exposure and symptoms of both simple and complex PTSD. Females also endorsed more mental health problems in the areas of depression/anxiety, somatic complaints, and suicidal ideation. For all youth, trauma exposure, PTSD, and mental health problems were correlated. Results of structural equation modeling were consistent with the hypothesis that PTSD mediates the relationship between interpersonal trauma and mental health problems for all youth, although the results were stronger for females.

vorige artikel Intensity and Breadth of Participation in Organized Activities During the Adolescent Years: Multiple Associations with Youth Outcomes

volgende artikel Trajectories of HIV Risk Behavior from Age 15 to 25 in the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth Sample

Abram, K. M., Teplin, L. A., Charles, D. R., Longworth, S. L., McClelland, G. M., & Dulcan, M. K. (2004). Posttraumatic stress disorder and trauma in youth in juvenile detention. Archives of General Psychiatry, 61, 403–410. doi:10.1001/archpsyc.61.4.403.PubMedCrossRef

Achenbach, T. M. (2000). Assessment of psychopathology. In A. J. Sameroff, M. Lewis & S. M. Miller (Eds.), Handbook of developmental psychopathology (pp. 41–56). New York: Kluwer.

Acoca, L. (1999). Investing in girls: A 21st century strategy. Juvenile Justice, 6, 3–13.

American Psychiatric Association. (2000). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (4th ed., text revision). Washington, DC: Author.

Anda, R. F., Felitti, V. F., Walker, J., Whitfield, C. L., Bremner, J. D., Perry, B. D., et al. (2006). The enduring effects of abuse and related adverse experiences in childhood: A convergence of evidence from neurobiology and epidemiology. European Archives of Psychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience, 256, 174–186. doi:10.1007/s00406-005-0624-4.PubMedCrossRef

Arnzen Moeddel, M., & Kerig, P. K. (2008, March). Gender, trauma, and symptoms of simple and complex PTSD among adjudicated youths. Paper presented at the Society for Research in Adolescence, Chicago.

Atkins, D. L., Pumariega, A. J., Rogers, K., Montgomery, L., Nybro, C., Jeffers, G. et al. (1999). Mental health and incarcerated youth. I: Prevalence and nature of psychopathology. Journal of Child and Family Studies, 8, 193–204.CrossRef

Baron, R. M., & Kenny, D. A. (1986). The moderator-mediator variable distinction in social psychological research: Conceptual, strategic, and statistical considerations. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 51, 1173–1182. doi:10.1037/0022-3514.51.6.1173.PubMedCrossRef

Bentler, P. M. (1990). Comparative fit indexes in structural models. Psychological Bulletin, 107(2), 238–246. PubMedCrossRef

Bentler, P. M., & Bonnet, D. G. (1980). Significance tests and goodness-of-fit in the analysis of covariance structure. Psychological Bulletin, 88(3), 588–606.CrossRef

Briere, J., & Spinazzola, J. (2005). Phenomenology and psychological assessment of complex posttraumatic states. Journal of Traumatic Stress, 18, 401–412. doi:10.1002/jts.20048.PubMedCrossRef

Browne, M. W., & Cudeck, R. (1992). Alternative ways of assessing model fit. Sociological Methods & Research, 21, 230–258.CrossRef

Cauce, A. M., Stewart, A., Whitbeck, L. B., Paradise, M., & Hoyt, D. R. (2005). Girls on their own: Homelessness in female adolescents. In D. J. Bell, S. L. Foster & E. J. Mash (Eds.), Handbook of behavioral and emotional problems in girls (pp. 439–462). New York: Kluwer.CrossRef

Cauffman, E., Feldman, S., Waterman, J., & Steiner, H. (1998). Posttraumatic stress disorder among female juvenile offenders. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 37, 11–23. doi:10.1097/00004583-199811000-00022.CrossRef

Chamberlain, P., & Moore, K. J. (2002). Chaos and trauma in the lives of adolescent females with antisocial behavior and delinquency. In R. Greenwald (Ed.), Trauma and juvenile delinquency (pp. 79–108). Binghamtom, NY: Hawthorn.

Chesney-Lind, M., & Belknap, J. (2004). Trends in delinquent girls' aggression and violent behavior: A review of the evidence. In M. Putallaz & K. L. Bierman (Eds.), Aggression, antisocial behavior, and violence among girls (pp. 203–220). New York: Guilford.

Cohen, J. A., Mannarino, A. P., & Deblinger, E. (2006). Treating trauma and traumatic grief in children and adolescents. New York: Guilford.

Cohen, J. A., Parmelee, D. X., Irwin, L., Weisz, J. R., Howard, P., Purcell, P. et al. (1990). Characteristics of children and adolescents in a psychiatric hospital and a corrections facility. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 29, 909–913.PubMedCrossRef

Cook, A., Spinazzola, J., Ford, J., Lanktree, C., Blaustein, M., Cloitre, M., et al. (2005). Complex trauma in children and adolescents. Psychiatric Annals, 35, 390–398.

Courtois, C. (2004). Complex trauma, complex reactions: Assessment and treatment. Psychotherapy: Theory, Research, & Practice, 41, 412–425.CrossRef

Dembo, R., Schmeidler, J., Sue, S. C., Borden, P., & Manning, D. (1995). Gender differences in service needs among youth entering a juvenile assessment center: A replication study. Journal of Correctional Health Care, 2, 217.CrossRef

DiFilippo, J. M., Esposito, C., Overholser, J., & Spirito, A. (2003). High risk populations. In A. Spirito & J. C. Overholser (Eds.), Evaluating and treating adolescent suicide attempters: From research to practice (pp. 229–261). New York: Academic Press.CrossRef

Dodge, K. A., Pettit, G. S., Bates, J. E., & Valente, E. (1995). Social information-processing patterns partially mediate the effect of early physical abuse on later conduct problems. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 104, 632–643.PubMedCrossRef

Dube, S. R., Miller, J. W., Brown, D. W., Giles, W. H., Felitti, V. J., Dong, M. et al. (2006). Adverse childhood experiences and the association with ever using alcohol and initiating alcohol use during adolescence. Journal of Adolescent Health, 38, 1–10.CrossRef

Famularo, R., Kinscherff, R., Fenton, T., & Bolduc, S. M. (1990). Child maltreatment histories among runaway and delinquent children. Clinical Pediatrics, 29, 713–718. doi:10.1177/000992289002901207.PubMedCrossRef

Feiring, C., Miller-Johnson, S., & Cleland, C. M. (2007). Potential pathways from stigmatization and internalizing symptoms to delinquency in sexually abused youth. Child Maltreatment, 12, 220–232.PubMedCrossRef

Fergusson, D. M. & Lynskey, M. T. (2006). The childhoods of multiple problem adolescents: A 15-year longitudinal study. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 35, 1123–1140.CrossRef

Fletcher, K. (2003). Childhood posttraumatic stress disorder. In E. J. Mash & R. A. Barkley (Eds.), Child psychopathology (pp. 330–371). New York: Guilford.

Ford, J. D. (2002). Traumatic victimization in childhood and persistent problems with oppositional-defiance. In R. Greenwald (Ed.), Trauma and juvenile delinquency (pp. 25–58). Binghamton, NY: Haworth Press.

Ford, J. D., Chapman, J., Mack, M., & Pearson, G. (2006). Pathways from traumatic child victimization to delinquency: Implications for juvenile and permanency court proceedings and decisions. Juvenile & Family Court Journal, 57(1), 13–26.CrossRef

Freyd, J. J. (1997). Betrayal trauma: The logic of forgetting childhood abuse. New York: Harvard University Press.

Giaconia, R., Reinherz, H., Silverman, A., Bilge, P., Frost, A., & Cohen, E. (1995). Traumas and posttraumatic stress disorder in a community population of older adolescents. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 34, 1369–1380. doi:10.1097/00004583-199510000-00023.PubMedCrossRef

Greenwald, R. (2000). A trauma-focused individual therapy approach for adolescents with conduct disorder. International Journal of Offender Therapy, 44, 146–163. doi:10.1177/0306624X00442002.CrossRef

Greenwald, R. (2002). Trauma and juvenile delinquency. Binghamton, NY: Haworth Press.

Grisso, T., & Barnum, R. (2003). Massachusetts youth screening instrument version 2: User’s manual and technical report. Sarasota, FL: Professional Resource Press.

Grisso, T., Vincent, G., & Seagrave, D. (2005). Mental health screening and assessment in juvenile justice. New York: Guilford.

Grisso, T., & Quinlan, J. C. (2003). Massachusetts Youth Screening Instrument – Version 2. In T. Grisso, G. Vincent, & D. Seagrave (Eds.), Mental health screening and assessment in juvenile justice (pp. 99–111). New York, NY: Guilford.

Hennessy, K. D., Ford, J. D., Mahoney, K., Ko, S. J., & Siegfried, C. B. (2004). Trauma among girls in the juvenile justice system. National child traumatic stress Juvenile justice working group. Retrieved online 7/15/08 from http://www.nctsnet.org/nctsn_assets/pdfs/edu_materials/trauma_among_girls_in_jjsys.pdf.

Herman, J. L. (1992). Sequelae of prolonged and repeated trauma: Evidence for a complex posttraumatic syndrome. In J. R. T. Davidson & E. G. Foa (Eds.), Posttraumatic stress disorder: DSM-IV and beyond (pp. 213–228). Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Press.

Herrera, V. M., & McCloskey, L. A. (2003). Sexual abuse, family violence, and female delinquency. Violence and Victims, 18, 319–334. doi:10.1891/vivi.2003.18.3.319.PubMedCrossRef

Holmbeck, G. N., Friedman, D., Abad, M., & Jandasek, B. (2006). Development and psychopathology in adolescence. In D. A. Wolfe & E. J. Mash (Eds.), Behavioral and emotional disorders in adolescents (pp. 21–55). New York: Guilford.

Horowitz, K., Weine, S., & Jekel, J. (1995). PTSD symptoms in urban adolescent girls: Compounded community trauma. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 34, 1353–1361. doi:10.1097/00004583-199510000-00021.PubMedCrossRef

Hu, L. T., & Bentler, P. M. (1999). Cutoff criteria for fit indexes in covariance structure analysis: Conventional criteria versus new alternatives. Structural Equation Modeling, 6, 1–55.CrossRef

Jaycox, L. H., & Repetti, R. L. (1993). Conflict in families and the psychological adjustment of preadolescent children. Journal of Family Psychology, 7, 344–355. doi:10.1037/0893-3200.7.3.344.CrossRef

Johnson, R. J., Ross, M. W., & Taylor, W. C. (2006). Prevalence of childhood sexual abuse among incarcerated males in county jails. Child Abuse & Neglect, 30, 75–86. doi:10.1016/j.chiabu.2005.08.013.CrossRef

Kerig, P. K., & Wenar, C. (2006). Developmental psychopathology: From infancy through adolescence. New York: McGraw-Hill.

Kerig, P. K., Fedorowicz, A. E., Brown, C. A., & Warren, M. (2000). Assessment and intervention for PTSD in children exposed to violence. Journal of Aggression, Maltreatment & Trauma, 3, 161–184. doi:10.1300/J146v03n01_11.CrossRef

Lansford, J. E., Malone, P. S., Stevens, K. I., Dodge, K. A., Bates, J. E., & Pettit, G. S. (2006). Developmental trajectories of externalizing and internalizing behaviors: Factors underlying resilience in physically abused children. Development and Psychopathology, 18, 35–56. doi:10.1017/S0954579406060032.PubMedCrossRef

Lederman, C. S., & Brown, E. N. (2000). Entangled in the shadows: Girls in the juvenile justice system. Buffalo Law Review, 48, 909–925.

Lederman, C. S., Dakof, G. A., Larrea, M. A., & Li, H. (2004). Characteristics of adolescent families in juvenile detention. International Journal of Law and Psychiatry, 27, 321–337. doi:10.1016/j.ijlp.2004.03.009.PubMedCrossRef

Leve, L. D., & Chamberlain, P. (2005). Girls in the juvenile justice system: Risk factors and clinical implications. In D. Pepler, K. Madsen, C. D. Webster, & K. S. Levene (Eds.), The development and treatment of girlhood aggression (pp. 191–215). Mahwah: Lawrence Erlbaum Publishers Inc.

Lewis, D., Yeager, C., Cobham-Portorreal, C., Klein, N., Showalter, C., & Anthony, A. (1991). A follow-up of female delinquents: Maternal contributions to the perpetuation of deviance. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 30, 197–201. doi:10.1097/00004583-199103000-00006.PubMedCrossRef

MacCallum, R. C., Browne, M. W., & Sugawara, H. M. (1996). Power analysis and determination of sample size for covariance structure modeling. Psychological Methods, 1, 130–149. doi:10.1037/1082-989X.1.2.130.CrossRef

McCabe, K. M., Lansing, A. E., Garland, A., & Hough, R. (2002). Gender differences in psychopathology, functional impairment, and familial risk factors among adjudicated delinquents. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 47, 860–868. doi:10.1097/00004583-200207000-00020.CrossRef

Muthén, L. K., & Muthén, B. O. (2007). Mplus statistical software. Los Angeles, CA: Muthén & Muthén.

Nader, K. (2008). Understanding and assessing trauma in children and adolescents. New York: Routledge.

Nader, K., Newman, E., Weathers, F. W., Kaloupek, D. G., Kriegler, J. A., Blake, D. D., et al. (1998). Clinician administered PTSD scale for children and adolescents for DSM-IV (CAPS-CA). White River Junction, VT: National Center for PTSD.

Newman, E. (2002). Assessment of PTSD and trauma exposure in adolescents. In R. Greenwald (Ed.), Trauma and juvenile delinquency (pp. 59–77). Binghamton, New York: Haworth.

Pynoos, R., Rodriguez, N., Steinberg, A., & Stuber, M. (1998). UCLA PTSD index for DSM-IV (revision 1). Los Angeles: University of California at Los Angeles.

Rodriguez, N., Steinberg, A., & Pynoos, R. S. (1999). UCLA PTSD Index for DSM-IV (Revision 1) Instrument information: Child version, parent version, adolescent version. Los Angeles: UCLA Trauma Psychiatry Service.

Ryan, J. P., & Testa, M. F. (2005). Child maltreatment and juvenile delinquency: Investigating the role of placement and placement instability. Children and Youth Services Review, 27, 227–249. doi:10.1016/j.childyouth.2004.05.007.CrossRef

Saunders, B. E., Berliner, L., & Hanson, R. F. (Eds.). (2004). Child physical and sexual abuse: Guidelines for treatment (Rev. report). Charleston, SC: National Crime Victims Research and Treatment Center. Retrieved 15 July 2008, from http://academicdepartments.musc.edu/ncvc/resources_prof/OVC_guidelines04-26-04.pdf.

Steinberg, A. M., Brymer, M. J., Decker, K. B., & Pynoos, R. S. (2004). The University of California at Los Angeles posttraumatic stress disorder reaction index. Current Psychiatry Reports, 6, 96–100. doi:10.1007/s11920-004-0048-2.PubMedCrossRef

Steiner, H., Garcia, I. G., & Matthews, Z. (1997). Posttraumatic stress disorder in incarcerated juvenile delinquents. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 36, 357–365. doi:10.1097/00004583-199703000-00014.PubMedCrossRef

Terr, L. C. (1991). Childhood traumas: An outline and overview. The American Journal of Psychiatry, 148, 10–20.PubMed

Teplin, L. A., Abram, K. M., McClelland, G. M., Dulcan, M. K., & Mericle, A. A. (2002). Psychiatric disorders in youth in juvenile detention. Archives of General Psychiatry, 59, 1133–1143.PubMedCrossRef

Teplin, L. A., Abram, K. M., McClelland, G. M., Mericle, A. A., Dulcan, M. K., & Washburn, J. J. (2006, April). Psychiatric disorders of youth in detention. Juvenile Justice Bulletin. Retrieved online 5/22/08 from http://www.ncjrs.gov/pdffiles1/ojjdp/210331.pdf.

Timmons-Mitchell, J., Brown, C., Schulz, C., Webster, S. E., Underwood, L. A., & Semple, W. E. (1997). Comparing the mental health needs of female and male incarcerated juvenile delinquents. Behavioral Sciences & the Law, 15, 195–202. doi:10.1002/(SICI)1099-0798(199721)15:2<195::AID-BSL269>3.0.CO;2-8.CrossRef

Todis, B., Bullis, M., Waintrup, M., Schulz, R., & D’Ambrosio, R. (2001). Overcoming the odds: Qualitative examination of resilience among formerly incarcerated adolescents. Exceptional Children, 68, 119–139.

Trickett, P. K. (2008). Multiple victimization and the development of self and emotion regulation. Journal of Aggression, Maltreatment & Trauma, 2, 171–187. doi:10.1300/J146v02n01_10.CrossRef

van der Kolk, B. A. (2005). Developmental trauma disorder: Toward a rational diagnosis for children with complex trauma histories. Psychiatric Annals, 35, 401–408.

Veysey, B. M. (2008). Mental health, substance abuse, and trauma. In R. D. Hoge, N. G. Guerra & P. Boxer (Eds.), Treating the juvenile offender (pp. 210–238). New York: Guilford.

Widom, C. S., & Kuhns, J. B. (1996). Childhood victimization and subsequent risk for promiscuity, prostitution, and teenage pregnancy: A prospective study. American Journal of Public Health, 86, 1607–1612.PubMedCrossRef

Wolfe, D. A., & Mash, E. J. (2006). Behavioral and emotional disorders in adolescents: Overview and issues. In D. A. Wolfe & E. J. Mash (Eds.), Behavioral and emotional disorders in adolescents (pp. 3–20). New York: Guilford.

Wolfe, D. A., Rawana, J. S., & Chiodo, D. (2006). Abuse and trauma. In D. A. Wolfe & E. J. Mash (Eds.), Behavioral and emotional disorders in adolescents (pp. 642–671). New York: Guilford.

Wolpaw, J. M., & Ford, J. D. (2004). Assessing exposure to psychological trauma in the juvenile justice population. Retrieved 5/22/08 from http://www.nctsnet.org/nctsn_assets/pdfs/edu_materials/assessing_trauma_in_jj_population.pdf.

Wood, J., Foy, D. W., Goguen, C. A., Pynoos, R., & James, C. B. (2002a). Violence exposure and PTSD among delinquent girls. Journal of Aggression, Maltreatment & Trauma, 6, 109–126. doi:10.1300/J146v06n01_06.CrossRef

Wood, J., Foy, D. W., Layne, C., Pynoos, R., & James, C. B. (2002b). An examination of the relationships between violence exposure, posttraumatic stress symptomology, and delinquent activity: An ecopathological model of delinquent behavior among incarcerated adolescents. Journal of Aggression, Maltreatment & Trauma, 6, 127–147. doi:10.1300/J146v06n01_07.CrossRef

Wright, J., Friedrich, W., & Cinq-Mars, C. (2004). Self-destructive and delinquent behaviors of adolescent female victims of child sexual abuse: Rates and covariates in clinical and non-clinical samples. Violence and Victims, 19, 627–643. doi:10.1891/vivi.19.6.627.66343.PubMedCrossRef

Titel: Posttraumatic Stress as a Mediator of the Relationship Between Trauma and Mental Health Problems Among Juvenile Delinquents
Auteurs: Patricia K. Kerig
Rose Marie Ward
Karin L. Vanderzee
Melissa Arnzen Moeddel
Publicatiedatum: 01-10-2009
Uitgeverij: Springer US
Gepubliceerd in: Journal of Youth and Adolescence / Uitgave 9/2009
Print ISSN: 0047-2891
Elektronisch ISSN: 1573-6601
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10964-008-9332-5

Bohn Stafleu van Loghum

Deel dit onderdeel of sectie (kopieer de link)

Abstract

Log in om toegang te krijgen

Andere artikelen Uitgave 9/2009

Parents and Peers as Social Influences to Deter Antisocial Behavior

Organized Activity Involvement, Depressive Symptoms, and Social Adjustment in Adolescents: Ethnicity and Socioeconomic Status as Moderators

Intensity and Breadth of Participation in Organized Activities During the Adolescent Years: Multiple Associations with Youth Outcomes

Adolescents’ Educational Outcomes: Racial and Ethnic Variations in Peer Network Importance

Just Another Club? The Distinctiveness of the Relation Between Religious Service Attendance and Adolescent Psychosocial Adjustment

Understanding the Association Between Maltreatment History and Adolescent Risk Behavior by Examining Popularity Motivations and Peer Group Control