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Black Caribbean Emerging Adults: A Systematic Review of Religion and Health

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Abstract

Religion, a prominent factor among Black diasporic communities, influences their health outcomes. Given the increase in Black Caribbeans living in the United States, it is important to understand how religion’s function among different ethnic groups of Black Americans. We systematically reviewed four databases and included articles of any study design if they (a) focused on the religious experiences of emerging adults (18–29 years) identifying as Black Caribbean in the United States, in light of medical, public health, or mental health outcomes, and (b) were published before November 30, 2018. Study results contribute to future studies’ conceptualization and measurement of religion among Black Caribbean emerging adults.

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Acknowledgements

Special thanks to Linda Chatters, Ph.D. for her feedback on this manuscript. This project was supported by NIH Grant No. 3R25CA057711, and it is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the NIH. Additional support for Dr. Tamara Taggart was provided by a postdoctoral fellowship supported by Award Numbers T32MH020031 and P30MH062294 from the National Institute of Mental Health, and a Scholar with the HIV/AIDS, Substance Abuse, and Trauma Training Program (HA-STTP), at the University of California, Los Angeles (R25DA035692).

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Correspondence to Meredith O. Hope.

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Appendix A: MEDLINE Search Strategy

Appendix A: MEDLINE Search Strategy

Line number

Search term

1

magic/

2

Voodoo.tw.

3

(Vodun or Vodou or Vodoun or Vaudou or Vaudoux).tw.

4

priest*.tw.

5

(Santeria or Santero or Santera).tw.

6

Christian*.tw.

7

Catholic*.tw.

8

Protestant*.tw.

9

Hindu*.tw.

10

non-denominational.tw.

11

nondenominational.tw.

12

(Islam* or Muslim*).tw.

13

Five Percent Nation.tw.

14

Rastafari*.tw.

15

Rasta.tw.

16

Rastas.tw.

17

Spirituality/

18

exp Religion/

19

spiritual*.tw.

20

religio*.tw.

21

(churchgo* or church-go*).tw.

22

or/1–21

23

(Anguilla or Anguillan or Anguillans or Anguillian or Anguillians).tw.

24

(Antigua or Antiguan or Antiguans or Barbuda or Barbudan or Barbudans).tw.

25

(Aruba or Aruban or Arubans).tw.

26

(Bahamas or Bahamian or Bahamians).tw.

27

(Barbados or Barbadian or Barbadians).tw.

28

(Belize or Belizean or Belizeans).tw.

29

(Bermuda or Bermudan or Bermudans).tw.

30

(British Virgin Islands or Virgin Islander or Virgin Islanders).tw.

31

Anegada.tw.

32

(Tortola or Tortolan or Tortolans).tw.

33

Virgin Gorda.tw.

34

(Cayman Islands or (Caymanian or Caymanians)).tw.

35

Cayman Brac.tw.

36

Grand Cayman.tw.

37

Little Cayman.tw.

38

(Dominica or Dominican or Dominicans).tw.

39

(French Guiana or Guianan or Guianans).tw.

40

(Grenada or Grenadines or Grenadian or Grenadians).tw.

41

Carriacou.tw.

42

(Guadeloupe or Guadeloupean or Guadeloupeans).tw.

43

Grenadines.tw.

44

(Guyana or Guyanese).tw.

45

(Haiti or Haitian or Haitians or Haitien or Haitiens).tw.

46

(Jamaica or Jamaican or Jamaicans).tw.

47

(Martinique or Martinican or Martinicans or Martiniquais).tw.

48

Monserrat.tw.

49

(Netherlands Antilles or Netherlands Antillean or Netherlands Antilleans).tw.

50

Bonaire.tw.

51

Curacao.tw.

52

Saba.tw.

53

(Sint Eustatius or Statia or St Eustatius).tw.

54

(Sint Maarten or St Maarten or Maartener or Maarteners).tw.

55

(Saint Kitts or Nevis or St Kitts).tw.

56

(St Lucia or Saint Lucia or Saint Lucian or Saint Lucians or Sainte Lucie).tw.

57

(Saint Vincent or Vincentian or Vincentians or Grenadines).tw.

58

Bequia.tw.

59

Grenandines.tw.

60

(Suriname or Surinam or Surinamese).tw.

61

(Trinidad or Tobago or Trinidadian or Trinidadians or Tobagonian or Tobagonians).tw.

62

(Caicos or Turks Islands or (Turks and Caicos Islander) or (Turks and Caicos Islanders)).tw.

63

(United States Virgin Islands or Virgin Islands of the United States or USVI or US Virgin Islands or Virgin Islander or Virgin Islanders).tw.

64

(St Croix or Saint Croix or Crucian or Crucians).tw.

65

(Saint John and Virgin).tw.

66

(Saint Thomas and Virgin).tw.

67

(Leeward Islands or Leeward Islander or Leeward Islanders).tw.

68

(Windward Islands or Windward Islander or Windward Islanders).tw.

69

(West Indies or West Indian or West Indians).tw.

70

(British West Indies or BWI).tw.

71

(Puerto Rico or Puerto Rican or Puerto Ricans or Boricua).tw.

72

(Dominican Republic or Republica Dominicana or Dominican or Dominicans).tw.

73

(Cuba or Cuban or Cubans).tw.

74

(Panama or Panamanian or Panamanians).tw.

75

(Costa Rica or Costa Rican or Costa Ricans).tw.

76

(Nicaragua or Nicaraguan or Nicaraguans).tw.

77

(Honduras or Honduran or Hondurans or Garifuna or Garifunas).tw.

78

23 or 24 or 25 or 26 or 27 or 28 or 29 or 30 or 31 or 32 or 33 or 34 or 35 or 36 or 37 or 38 or 39 or 40 or 41 or 42 or 43 or 44 or 45 or 46 or 47 or 48 or 49 or 50 or 51 or 52 or 53 or 54 or 55 or 56 or 57 or 58 or 59 or 60 or 61 or 62 or 63 or 64 or 65 or 66 or 67 or 68 or 69 or 70 or 71 or 72 or 73 or 74 or 75 or 76 or 77

79

(Caribbean or caribbeans).tw.

80

Exp West Indies/

81

Bermuda/

82

Central America/

83

Belize/

84

Costa Rica/

85

Honduras/

86

Nicaragua/

87

exp Panama/

88

French Guiana/

89

Guyana/

90

Suriname/

91

exp Caribbean Region/

92

or/23–91

93

exp African Continental Ancestry Group/

94

(Afro* or black* or African*).tw.

95

93 or 94

96

22 and 92 and 95

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Hope, M.O., Taggart, T., Galbraith-Gyan, K.V. et al. Black Caribbean Emerging Adults: A Systematic Review of Religion and Health. J Relig Health 59, 431–451 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10943-019-00932-5

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