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Determinants of Fasting Plasma Glucose and Glycosylated Hemoglobin Among Low Income Latinos with Poorly Controlled Type 2 Diabetes

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Abstract

The objective of this study was to identify demographic, socio-economic, acculturation, lifestyle, sleeping pattern, and biomedical determinants of fasting plasma glucose (FPG) and glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), among Latinos with type 2 diabetes (T2D). Latino adults (N = 211) with T2D enrolled in the DIALBEST trial were interviewed in their homes. Fasting blood samples were also collected in the participants’ homes. Because all participants had poor glucose control, above-median values for FPG (173 mg/dl) and HbA1c (9.2%) were considered to be indicative of poorer glycemic control. Multivariate analyses showed that receiving heating assistance (OR: 2.20; 95% CI: 0.96–4.96), and having a radio (3.11, 1.16–8.35), were risk factors for higher FPG levels, and lower income (10.4, 1.54–69.30) was a risk factor for higher HbA1c levels. Lower carbohydrate intake during the previous day (0.04; 0.005–0.37), as well as regular physical activity (0.30; 0.13–0.69), breakfast (2.78; 1.10–6.99) and dinner skipping (3.9; 1.03–14.9) during previous week were significantly associated with FPG concentrations. Being middle aged (2.24, 1.12–4.47), 30–60 min of sleep during the day time (0.07, 0.01–0.74) and having medical insurance (0.31, 0.10–0.96) were predictors of HbA1c. Results suggest that contemporaneous lifestyle behaviors were associated with FPG and contextual biomedical factors such as health care access with HbA1c. Lower socio-economic status indicators were associated with poorer FPG and HbA1c glycemic control.

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Acknowledgments

This study was funded and supported by Connecticut NIH Export Center for Eliminating Health Disparities among Latinos (NIH- NCMHD grant # P20MD001765). Special thanks to all who participated in the study and to community health care workers at the Hispanic Health Council. The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the National Center on Minority Health and Health Disparities or the National Institutes of Health.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA

    Grace Kollannoor-Samuel, Maria Luz Fernandez & Mariana C. Calle

  2. Connecticut Center for Eliminating Health Disparities Among Latinos (CEHDL), Storrs, CT, USA

    Grace Kollannoor-Samuel, Jyoti Chhabra, Maria Luz Fernandez, Sonia Vega-López, Sofia Segura Pérez, Grace Damio, Mariana C. Calle, Darrin D’Agostino & Rafael Pérez-Escamilla

  3. Hartford Hospital, Hartford, CT, USA

    Jyoti Chhabra

  4. Healthy Lifestyles Research Center, Arizona State University, Mesa, AZ, USA

    Sonia Vega-López

  5. Hispanic Health Council, Hartford, CT, USA

    Sofia Segura Pérez & Grace Damio

  6. University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX, USA

    Darrin D’Agostino

  7. Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT, USA

    Rafael Pérez-Escamilla

  8. Unit 4017, 3624 Horsebarn Hill Rd Ext., Storrs, CT, 06269, USA

    Grace Kollannoor-Samuel

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  1. Grace Kollannoor-Samuel
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Correspondence to Grace Kollannoor-Samuel.

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Kollannoor-Samuel, G., Chhabra, J., Fernandez, M.L. et al. Determinants of Fasting Plasma Glucose and Glycosylated Hemoglobin Among Low Income Latinos with Poorly Controlled Type 2 Diabetes. J Immigrant Minority Health 13, 809–817 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10903-010-9428-3

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