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Children’s Wellbeing at School: A Multi-dimensional and Multi-informant Approach

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Abstract

Based on a multi-dimensional model of wellbeing in school that includes psychological, cognitive and social components, the aim of this investigation was to (a) analyse differences based on gender and school level (primary or middle school) in children’s subjective reports of their school wellbeing, (b) analyse correlates of subjective school wellbeing considering learning skills, grades and behavioural problems, and (c) investigate parents’ and teachers’ personal experiences and observations related to children with a low level of subjective school wellbeing. The sample comprised 1038 third- to eighth-grade students who completed the Questionnaire on School Wellbeing (QBS; Tobia and Marzocchi in QBS 8-13. Questionari per la valutazione del benessere scolastico e identificazione dei fattori di rischio [QBS 8-13. Questionnaires for the evaluation of school wellbeing and the identification of risk factors], Erickson, Trento, 2015a), which investigates the gratification obtained by results in school, relationships with teachers and classmates, emotional attitude towards school, and self-efficacy. The results showed significant gender differences (e.g., a better relationship with teachers but a poorer emotional attitude towards school for girls) and lower scores on school wellbeing in middle school students compared to primary school students. Among primary school students, wellbeing tended to be positively influenced by learning skills, whereas it was positively influenced by grades and negatively influenced by behavioural problems among middle school students. Finally, both parents and teachers of children with low levels of school wellbeing described greater feelings of worry, guilt, and tension in relation to the children’s difficulties. Parents reported more learning and emotional difficulties in these children, whereas teachers reported lower self-awareness. These results may offer insights to inform school policies and interventions aimed at improving children’s wellbeing.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Psychology, University of Milan-Bicocca, Building U6, Piazza dell’Ateneo Nuovo, 1, 20126, Milan, Italy

    Valentina Tobia, Patrizia Steca & Gian Marco Marzocchi

  2. Department of Human and Social Sciences, University of Bergamo, Piazzale S. Agostino, 2, 24129, Bergamo, Italy

    Andrea Greco

  3. Centro per l’Età Evolutiva, Via dei Partigiani, 5, 24121, Bergamo, Italy

    Gian Marco Marzocchi

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  1. Valentina Tobia
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  2. Andrea Greco
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  4. Gian Marco Marzocchi
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Correspondence to Valentina Tobia.

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Tobia, V., Greco, A., Steca, P. et al. Children’s Wellbeing at School: A Multi-dimensional and Multi-informant Approach. J Happiness Stud 20, 841–861 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10902-018-9974-2

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