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Exploring HPV Knowledge, Awareness, Beliefs, Attitudes, and Vaccine Acceptability of Latino Fathers Living in the United States: An Integrative Review

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Abstract

To conduct an integrative review to identify and synthesize studies exploring human papillomavirus (HPV) knowledge, awareness, beliefs, attitudes, and acceptability of the HPV vaccine among Latino fathers living in the United States. The review methodology was informed by those developed by Whittemore and Knafl, which allow for the inclusion of qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods studies. Using the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews meta-analyses guidelines, five electronic databases (PubMed, Medline, PsycINFO, CINAHL, Science Direct) were searched for peer-reviewed, full-text studies published in English with samples that included Latino fathers and examined knowledge, awareness, beliefs, attitudes about the HPV and the HPV vaccines. Studies that did not provide information on the inclusion of fathers in the sample were excluded. Identified eligible studies were analyzed and synthesized using the matrix method. Eleven eligible studies were identified. Most (n = 10) included mothers and fathers. One study included only fathers, and this study determined that although fathers held positive attitudes toward the HPV vaccine, a notable number of participants were unsure of or had not formed an opinion about the HPV vaccine. Fathers felt that a recommendation from their child’s physician would impact whether they vaccinated their child. Moreover, of the ten studies including both parents, only two specifically compared fathers’ and mothers’ knowledge and awareness about the HPV and vaccine acceptability. These two studies determined that fathers were less aware of the HPV and had lower HPV vaccine-related knowledge than mothers. Nevertheless, all of the 11 examined studies, found moderate to high acceptability of the HPV vaccine among Latino parents despite uncertainty about possible vaccine risks and costs. Only 11 studies were identified that included Latino fathers. Of these studies, only one was conducted exclusively with Latino fathers and two compared fathers and mothers. Additional research focusing on Latino fathers is needed given the central role of the family in the Latino culture and the shared role fathers and mothers have in decision-making related to their children’s health.

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Fig. 1

From: Moher D, Liberati A, Tetzlaff J, Altman DG, The PRISMA Group (2009). Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses: The PRISMA Statement. PLoS Med 6(6): e1000097. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed10000

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Acknowledgements

Paloma Suárez completed this research as part of an internship (Dr. Ana Cristina Lindsay, Mentor) awarded as part of the Exito! Latino Cancer Research Leadership Training program hosted by the Institute for Health Promotion Research at the University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio with funding by the National Cancer Institute (NCI Grant 2R25CA134301-06), for which Dr. Amelie G. Ramirez is Principal Investigator. The authors are grateful for library assistance provided by Ms. Teresa Maceira, reference librarian at the University of Massachusetts Boston.

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  1. Éxito! Latino Cancer Research Leadership Training, Institute for Health Promotion Research, University Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA

    Paloma Suárez

  2. Health Disparities and Oncology Policy, Populations and Systems, School of Nursing, George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA

    Sherrie Flynt Wallington

  3. Department of Kinesiology/Health Studies, University of Rhode Island, South Kingstown, RI, USA

    Mary L. Greaney

  4. Department of Exercise and Health Sciences, College of Nursing and Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Boston, 100 Morrissey Boulevard, Boston, MA, 02125, USA

    Ana Cristina Lindsay

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Correspondence to Ana Cristina Lindsay.

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Suárez, P., Wallington, S.F., Greaney, M.L. et al. Exploring HPV Knowledge, Awareness, Beliefs, Attitudes, and Vaccine Acceptability of Latino Fathers Living in the United States: An Integrative Review. J Community Health 44, 844–856 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10900-019-00636-7

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