Top

Gepubliceerd in:

01-02-2012

Discrimination as a key mediator of the relationship between posttraumatic stress and HIV treatment adherence among African American men

Auteurs: Glenn J. Wagner, Laura M. Bogart, Frank H. Galvan, Denedria Banks, David J. Klein

Gepubliceerd in: Journal of Behavioral Medicine | Uitgave 1/2012

Abstract

Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is relatively common among people living with HIV/AIDS (PLHA) and may be associated with antiretroviral therapy (ART) adherence. We examined the relationship between PTSD symptom severity and adherence among 214 African American males. Because PLHA may experience discrimination, potentially in the form of traumatic stress (e.g., hate crimes), we also examined whether perceived discrimination (related to race, HIV status, sexual orientation) is an explanatory variable in the relationship between PTSD and adherence. Adherence, monitored electronically over 6 months, was negatively correlated with PTSD total and re-experiencing symptom severity; all 3 discrimination types were positively correlated with PTSD symptoms and negatively correlated with adherence. Each discrimination type separately mediated the relationship between PTSD and adherence; when both PTSD and discrimination were included in the model, discrimination was the sole predictor of adherence. Findings highlight the critical role that discrimination plays in adherence among African American men experiencing posttraumatic stress.

vorige artikel Making access to TV contingent on physical activity: effects on liking and relative reinforcing value of TV and physical activity in overweight and obese children

volgende artikel Predictors of unsuccessful magnetic resonance imaging scanning in older generalized anxiety disorder patients and controls

Abel, E., & Painter, L. (2003). Factors that influence adherence to HIV medications: Perceptions of women and health care providers. Journal of the Association of Nurses in AIDS Care, 14(4), 61–69.PubMedCrossRef

American Psychiatric Association. (2000). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (Revised (4th ed.). Washington, DC: Author.

Ammassari, A., Antinori, A., Aloisi, M. S., Trotta, M. P., Murri, R., & Bartoli, L. (2004). Depressive symptoms, neurocognitive impairment, and adherence to highly active antiretroviral therapy among HIV-infected persons. Psychosomatics, 45(5), 394–402.PubMedCrossRef

Ammassari, A., Trotta, M. P., Murri, R., Castelli, F., Narciso, P., & Noto, P. (2002). Correlates and predictors of adherence to highly active antiretroviral therapy: Overview of published literature. Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes, 31(Suppl 3), S123–S127.PubMed

Arnsten, J. H., Demas, P. A., Grant, R. W., Gourevitch, M. N., Farzadegan, H., & Howard, A. A. (2002). Impact of active drug use on antiretroviral therapy adherence and viral suppression in HIV-infected drug users. Journal of General Internal Medicine, 17(5), 377–381.PubMed

Bangsberg, D. R., Hecht, F. M., Charlebois, E. D., Chesney, M., & Moss, A. (2001). Comparing objective measures of adherence to HIV antiretroviral therapy: Electronic medication monitors and unannounced pill counts. AIDS and Behavior, 5(3), 275–281.CrossRef

Bangsberg, D. R., Hecht, F. M., Charlebois, E. D., Zolopa, A. R., Holodniy, M., & Sheiner, L. (2000). Adherence to protease inhibitors, HIV-1 viral load, and development of drug resistance in an indigent population. AIDS, 14(4), 357–366.PubMedCrossRef

Barrett, D. H., Green, M. L., Morris, R., Giles, W. H., & Croft, J. B. (1996). Cognitive functioning and posttraumatic stress disorder. The American Journal of Psychiatry, 153(11), 1492–1494.PubMed

Bing, E. G., Burnam, M. A., Longshore, D., Fleishman, J. A., Sherbourne, C. D., & London, A. S. (2001). Psychiatric disorders and drug use among human immunodeficiency virus-infected adults in the United States. Archives of General Psychiatry, 58(8), 721–728. doi:10.1001/archpsyc.58.8.721.PubMedCrossRef

Boarts, J. M., Buckley-Fischer, B. A., Armelie, A. P., Bogart, L. M., & Delahanty, D. L. (2009). The impact of HIV diagnosis-related vs non-diagnosis related trauma on PTSD, depression, medication adherence, and HIV disease markers. Journal of Evidence-Based Social Work, 6(1), 4–16. doi:10.1080/15433710802633247.PubMedCrossRef

Boarts, J. M., Sledjeski, E. M., Bogart, L. M., & Delahanty, D. L. (2006). The differential impact of PTSD and depression on HIV disease markers and adherence to HAART in people living with HIV. AIDS and Behavior, 10(3), 253–261.PubMedCrossRef

Bogart, L. M., Bird, S. T., Walt, L. C., Delahanty, D. L., & Figler, J. L. (2004). Association of stereotypes about physicians to health care satisfaction, help-seeking behavior, and adherence to treatment. Social Science and Medicine, 58(6), 1049–1058. doi:10.1016/S0277-9536(03)00277-6.PubMedCrossRef

Bogart, L. M., Wagner, G. J., Galvan, F. H., & Klein, D. J. (2010). Longitudinal relationships between antiretroviral treatment adherence and discrimination due to HIV-serostatus, race, and sexual orientation among African-American men with HIV. Annals of Behavioral Medicine. Epub, 40(2), 184–190. doi:10.1007/s12160-010-9200-x.

Catz, S. L., Kelly, J. A., Bogart, L. M., Benotsch, E. G., & McAuliffe, T. L. (2000). Patterns, correlates, and barriers to medication adherence among persons prescribed new treatments for HIV disease. Health Psychology, 19(2), 124–133. doi:10.1037/0278-6133.19.2.124.PubMedCrossRef

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2002). The burden of chronic disease and their risk factors: National and state perspectives, 2002. Atlanta: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services.

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2009). HIV/AIDS Surveillance Report, 2007 (Vol. 19). Atlanta: Department of Health and Human Services.

Cherpitel, C. J. (2002). Screening for alcohol problems in the U.S. general population: Comparison of the CAGE, RAPS4, and RAPS4-QF by gender, ethnicity, and service utilization. Rapid Alcohol Problems Screen. Alcoholism. Clinical and Experimental Research, 26(11), 1686–1691.CrossRef

Delahanty, D. L., Bogart, L. M., & Figler, J. L. (2004). Posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms, salivary cortisol, medication adherence, and CD4 levels in HIV-positive individuals. AIDS Care, 16(2), 247–260.PubMedCrossRef

Deloria-Knoll, M., Chmiel, J. S., Moorman, A. C., Wood, K. C., Holmberg, S. D., & Palella, F. J. (2004). Factors related to and consequences of adherence to antiretroviral therapy in an ambulatory HIV-infected patient cohort. AIDS Patient Care and STDs, 18(12), 721–727.PubMedCrossRef

Deschamps, A. E., Graeve, V. D., van Wijngaerden, E., De Saar, V., Vandamme, A. M., & van Vaerenbergh, K. (2004). Prevalence and correlates of nonadherence to antiretroviral therapy in a population of HIV patients using Medication Event Monitoring System. AIDS Patient Care and STDs, 18(11), 644–657.PubMedCrossRef

DiMatteo, M. R., Lepper, H. S., & Croghan, T. W. (2000). Depression is a risk factor for noncompliance with medical treatment: Meta-analysis of the effects of anxiety and depression on patient adherence. Archives of Internal Medicine, 160(14), 2101–2107.PubMedCrossRef

Foa, E. B., Cashman, L., Jaycox, L., & Perry, K. (1997). The validation of a self-report measure of posttraumatic stress disorder: The Posttraumatic Diagnostic Scale. Psychological Assessment, 9(4), 445–451. doi:10.1037/1040-3590.9.4.445.CrossRef

Fogarty, L., Roter, D., Larson, S., Burke, J., Gillespie, J., & Levy, R. (2002). Patient adherence to HIV medication regimes: A review of published and abstract reports. Patient Education and Counseling, 46, 93–108.PubMedCrossRef

French, T., Weiss, L., Waters, M., Tesoriero, J., Finkelstein, R., & Agins, B. (2005). Correlation of a brief perceived stress measure with nonadherence to antiretroviral therapy over time. Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes, 38(5), 590–597.PubMedCrossRef

Galvan, F. H., Burnam, M. A., & Bing, E. G. (2003). Co-occurring psychiatric symptoms and drug dependence or heavy drinking among HIV-positive people. Journal of Psychoactive Drugs, 35(Suppl 1), 153–160.PubMedCrossRef

Gore-Felton, C., Butler, L. D., & Koopman, C. (2001). HIV disease, violence, and post-traumatic stress. Focus, 16(6), 5–6.PubMed

Gore-Felton, C., & Koopman, C. (2002). Traumatic experiences: Harbinger of risk behavior among HIV-positive adults. Journal of Trauma & Dissociation, 3(4), 121–135. doi:10.1300/J229v03n04_07.CrossRef

Halkitis, P. N., Shrem, M. T., Zade, D. D., & Wilton, L. (2005). The physical, emotional and interpersonal impact of HAART: Exploring the realities of HIV seropositive individuals on combination therapy. Journal of Health Psychology, 10(3), 345–358.PubMedCrossRef

Herek, G. M., & Berrill, K. T. (Eds.). (1992). Hate Crimes: Confronting Violence Against Lesbians and Gay Men. Newbury Park: Sage.

Israelski, D. M., Gore-Felton, C., Power, R., Wood, M. J., & Koopman, C. (2001). Sociodemographic characteristics associated with medical appointment adherence among HIV-seropositive patients seeking treatment in a county outpatient facility. Preventive Medicine, 33(5), 470–475.PubMedCrossRef

Israelski, D. M., Prentiss, D. E., Lubega, S., Balmas, G., Garcia, P., & Muhammad, M. (2007). Psychiatric co-morbidity in vulnerable populations receiving primary care for HIV/AIDS. AIDS Care, 19(2), 220–225. doi:10.1080/09540120600774230.PubMedCrossRef

Jacobsen, L. K., Southwick, S. M., & Kosten, T. R. (2001). Substance use disorders in patients with posttraumatic stress disorder: A review of the literature. American Journal of Psychiatry, 158(8), 1184–1190.PubMedCrossRef

Johnson, M. O., Catz, S. L., Remien, R. H., Rotheram-Borus, M. J., Morin, S. F., & Charlebois, E. (2003). Theory-guided empirically supported avenues for intervention on HIV medication nonadherence: Findings from the Healthy Living Project. AIDS Patient Care and STDs, 17(12), 645–656. doi:10.1089/108729103771928708.PubMedCrossRef

Kelly, B., Raphael, B., Judd, F., Perdices, M., Kernutt, G., & Burnett, P. (1998). Posttraumatic stress disorder in response to HIV infection. General Hospital Psychiatry, 20(6), 345–352.PubMedCrossRef

Kimerling, R., Armistead, L., & Forehand, R. (1999a). Victimization experiences and HIV infection in women: Associations with serostatus, psychological symptoms, and health status. Journal of Traumatic Stress, 12(1), 41–58.PubMedCrossRef

Kimerling, R., Calhoun, K. S., Forehand, R., Armistead, L., Morse, E., & Morse, P. (1999b). Traumatic stress in HIV-infected women. AIDS Education and Prevention, 11(4), 321–330.PubMed

Kleeberger, C. A., Buechner, J., Palella, F., Detels, R., Riddler, S., & Godfrey, R. (2004). Changes in adherence to highly active antiretroviral therapy medications in the Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study. AIDS, 18(4), 683–688. doi:10.1097/00002030-200403050-00013.PubMedCrossRef

Leserman, J., Whetten, K., Lowe, K., Stangl, D., Swartz, M. S., & Thielman, N. M. (2005). How trauma, recent stressful events, and PTSD affect functional health status and health utilization in HIV-infected patients in the south. Psychosomatic Medicine, 67(3), 500–507.PubMedCrossRef

Liu, H., Golin, C. E., Miller, L. G., Hays, R. D., Beck, C. K., & Sanandaji, S. (2001). A comparison study of multiple measures of adherence to HIV protease inhibitors. Annals of Internal Medicine, 134(10), 968–977.PubMed

Martinez, A., Israelski, D., Walker, C., & Koopman, C. (2002). Posttraumatic stress disorder in women attending human immunodeficiency virus outpatient clinics. AIDS Patient Care and STDs, 16(6), 283–291. doi:10.1089/10872910260066714.PubMedCrossRef

Mehta, S., Moore, R. D., & Graham, N. M. (1997). Potential factors affecting adherence with HIV therapy. AIDS, 11(14), 1665–1670.PubMedCrossRef

Mostashari, F., Riley, E., Selwyn, P. A., & Altice, F. L. (1998). Acceptance and adherence with antiretroviral therapy among HIV-infected women in a correctional facility. Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes and Human Retrovirology, 18(4), 341–348.PubMedCrossRef

Mugavero, M., Ostermann, J., Whetten, K., Leserman, J., Swartz, M., & Stangl, D. (2006a). Barriers to antiretroviral adherence: The importance of depression, abuse, and other traumatic events. AIDS Patient Care and STDs, 20(6), 418–428.PubMedCrossRef

Mugavero, M., Sullivan, C., Shaheen, A., Leone, P., Powers, B., & Jochem, D. (2006b). Feasibility of routinely offered HIV testing among diverse socio-demographic clinic populations. Toronto, Canada: Paper presented at the XVI International AIDS Conference.

Preacher, K. J., & Hayes, A. F. (2004). SPSS and SAS procedures for estimating indirect effects in simple mediation models. Behavior Research Methods, Instruments, & Computers, 36, 717–731.CrossRef

Preacher, K. J., & Hayes, A. F. (2008). Asymptotic and resampling strategies for assessing and comparing indirect effects in multiple mediator models. Behavior Research Methods, 40, 879–891.PubMedCrossRef

Reisner, S. L., Mimiaga, M. J., Safren, S. A., & Mayer, K. H. (2009). Stressful or traumatic life events, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms, and HIV sexual risk taking among men who have sex with men. AIDS Care, 21(12), 1481–1489. doi:10.1080/09540120902893258.PubMedCrossRef

Shapiro, M. F., Morton, S. C., McCaffrey, D. F., Senterfitt, J. W., Fleishman, J. A., & Perlman, J. F. (1999). Variations in the care of HIV-infected adults in the United States: Results from the HIV Cost and Services Utilization Study. JAMA, 281(24), 2305–2315. doi:10.1001/jama.281.24.2305.PubMedCrossRef

Simbayi, L. C., Kalichman, S., Strebel, A., Cloete, A., Henda, N., & Mqeketo, A. (2007). Internalized stigma, discrimination, and depression among men and women living with HIV/AIDS in Cape Town, South Africa. Social Science and Medicine, 64(9), 1823–1831.PubMedCrossRef

Simoni, J. M., & Ng, M. T. (2002). Abuse, health locus of control, and perceived health among HIV-positive women. Health Psychology, 21(1), 89–93.PubMedCrossRef

Singh, N., Berman, S. M., Swindells, S., Justis, J. C., Mohr, J. A., & Squier, C. (1999). Adherence of human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients to antiretroviral therapy. Clinical Infectious Diseases, 29(4), 824–830. doi:10.1086/520443.PubMedCrossRef

Singh, N., Squier, C., Sivek, C., Wagener, M., Nguyen, M. H., & Yu, V. L. (1996). Determinants of compliance with antiretroviral therapy in patients with human immunodeficiency virus: Prospective assessment with implications for enhancing compliance. AIDS Care, 8(3), 261–269.PubMedCrossRef

Sledjeski, E. M., Delahanty, D. L., & Bogart, L. M. (2005). Incidence and impact of posttraumatic stress disorder and comorbid depression on adherence to HAART and CD4+ counts in people living with HIV. AIDS Patient Care and STDs, 19(11), 728–736. doi:10.1089/apc.2005.19.728.PubMedCrossRef

Sullivan, L. E., Saitz, R., Cheng, D. M., Libman, H., Nunes, D., & Samet, J. H. (2008). The impact of alcohol use on depressive symptoms in human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients. Addiction, 103(9), 1461–1467.PubMedCrossRef

Theuninck, A. C., Lake, N., & Gibson, S. (2010). HIV-related posttraumatic stress disorder: Investigating the traumatic events. AIDS Patient Care and STDs, 24(8), 485–491. doi:10.1089/apc.2009.0231.PubMedCrossRef

Tucker, J. S., Burnam, M. A., Sherbourne, C. D., Kung, F. Y., & Gifford, A. L. (2003). Substance use and mental health correlates of nonadherence to antiretroviral medications in a sample of patients with human immunodeficiency virus infection. The American Journal of Medicine, 114(7), 573–580.PubMedCrossRef

Vranceanu, A. M., Safren, S. A., Lu, M., Coady, W. M., Skolnik, P. R., & Rogers, W. H. (2008). The relationship of post-traumatic stress disorder and depression to antiretroviral medication adherence in persons with HIV. AIDS Patient Care and STDs, 22(4), 313–321. doi:10.1089/apc.2007.0069.PubMedCrossRef

Wells, K. B., Sturm, R., Sherbourne, C. D., & Meredith, L. S. (1996). Caring for depression. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.

Titel: Discrimination as a key mediator of the relationship between posttraumatic stress and HIV treatment adherence among African American men
Auteurs: Glenn J. Wagner
Laura M. Bogart
Frank H. Galvan
Denedria Banks
David J. Klein
Publicatiedatum: 01-02-2012
Uitgeverij: Springer US
Gepubliceerd in: Journal of Behavioral Medicine / Uitgave 1/2012
Print ISSN: 0160-7715
Elektronisch ISSN: 1573-3521
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10865-011-9320-1

Bohn Stafleu van Loghum

Deel dit onderdeel of sectie (kopieer de link)

Abstract

Log in om toegang te krijgen

Andere artikelen Uitgave 1/2012

Mindfulness based stress reduction in post-treatment breast cancer patients: an examination of symptoms and symptom clusters

Association between perceived racism and physiological stress indices in Native Hawaiians

Making access to TV contingent on physical activity: effects on liking and relative reinforcing value of TV and physical activity in overweight and obese children

Sexual minority status and trauma symptom severity in men living with HIV/AIDS

The association between chronic stress type and C-reactive protein in the multi-ethnic study of atherosclerosis: does gender make a difference?

Suppression of anger and subsequent pain intensity and behavior among chronic low back pain patients: the role of symptom-specific physiological reactivity