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Gepubliceerd in: Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assessment 2/2019

22-03-2019

Self-Evaluation and Depressive Symptoms: A Latent Variable Analysis of Self-Esteem, Shame-Proneness, and Self-Criticism

Auteurs: Andrew C. Porter, Rachel L. Zelkowitz, Darcy C. Gist, David A. Cole

Gepubliceerd in: Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assessment | Uitgave 2/2019

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Abstract

This paper examined the unique associations of latent self-esteem with symptoms of depression, over-and-above latent shame-proneness (study 1) and latent self-criticism (study 2), among two samples of undergraduate students. In study 1, confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) showed convergent and discriminant validity for most measures of shame-proneness and self-esteem. Shame-proneness and self-esteem (taken separately) were strongly related to depressive symptoms. Controlling for each other, self-esteem but not shame-proneness remained associated with depressive symptoms. In study 2, CFA showed convergent validity but not discriminant validity for measures of self-criticism and low self-esteem. Self-esteem and self-criticism (taken separately) were strongly related to depressive symptoms. Controlling for each other, however, neither construct was significantly associated with depressive symptoms. Findings suggest that (a) self-esteem and shame-proneness have good discriminant validity, (b) self-esteem is uniquely related to depressive symptoms above and beyond shame-proneness, and (c) self-report measures of self-criticism and self-esteem have poor discriminant validity.
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Voetnoten
1
The rationale for the second step is that, if two constructs fail to demonstrate discriminant validity (i.e., are the same construct), their relations to other constructs should be identical. When two constructs overlap substantially, this analysis makes for a stricter test of discriminant validity.
 
2
Examples of items from other subscales of the TOSCA-3 are as follows:
Scenario: “You and a group of coworkers worked very hard on a project. Your boss singles you out for a bonus because the project was a success.”
Shame Response: “You would feel alone and apart from your colleagues.”
Guilt Response: “You would feel you should not accept it.”
Alpha Pride Response: “You would feel competent and proud of yourself.”
Beta Pride Response: “You would feel your hard work had paid off.”
Externalization Response: “You would feel the boss is rather short-sighted.”
 
3
The Internalized Shame Scale did not show discriminant validity with self-esteem.
 
4
We repeated these analyses, replacing the DEQ with the ISC. Results did not differ between the two models.
 
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Metagegevens
Titel
Self-Evaluation and Depressive Symptoms: A Latent Variable Analysis of Self-Esteem, Shame-Proneness, and Self-Criticism
Auteurs
Andrew C. Porter
Rachel L. Zelkowitz
Darcy C. Gist
David A. Cole
Publicatiedatum
22-03-2019
Uitgeverij
Springer US
Gepubliceerd in
Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assessment / Uitgave 2/2019
Print ISSN: 0882-2689
Elektronisch ISSN: 1573-3505
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10862-019-09734-1

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