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Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assessment

Gepubliceerd in:

05-09-2017

Temperament, Repetitive Negative Thinking, and Depressive Symptoms in Early Adolescence: a Prospective Study

Auteurs: Patricia Bijttebier, Margot Bastin, Sabine Nelis, Sofie Weyn, Koen Luyckx, Michael W. Vasey, Filip Raes

Gepubliceerd in: Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assessment | Uitgave 2/2018

Abstract

Repetitive negative thinking (RNT) is a transdiagnostic vulnerability factor, involved in the maintenance of a variety of emotional problems. Recently, the Perseverative Thinking Questionnaire – Child version (PTQ-C) was developed as a content-independent measure of RNT in children and adolescents. The current study investigated the reliability and predictive validity of the PTQ-C and examined temperament as a developmental predictor of RNT. For this end, 701 early adolescents completed measures of RNT, depressive symptoms, stressors, and temperament, both at baseline and after three months. First, the factor structure of the PTQ-C was investigated by comparing a one-factor model and a three-factor higher-order model using confirmatory factor analyses. Both models showed good fit to the data, but the more parsimonious one-factor model was retained. Internal consistency, as measured by cronbach’s alpha and (hierarchical) omega, was found to be excellent for the total scale. Second, associations with depressive symptom levels were examined. RNT predicted both concurrent and prospective symptom levels, even when taking into account baseline depressive symptoms. RNT was further shown to act as a moderator strengthening the link between stress and levels of depressive symptoms, both concurrently and prospectively. Finally, associations with temperament were explored by investigating the mediating role of RNT in the association between temperament dimensions and depressive symptoms. One indirect effect was found, with low effortful control predicting increases in depressive symptoms through heightened levels of RNT. The current study supports the PTQ-C as a useful and psychometrically sound measure of dysfunctional RNT that may facilitate research on emotional problems in child and adolescent samples.

vorige artikel Development of the Spence Children’s Anxiety Scale - Short Version (SCAS-S)

volgende artikel The Psychometric Properties of an Internet-Administered Version of the Depression Anxiety and Stress Scales (DASS) in a Sample of Dutch Adults

Unfortunately, we do not have any information on racial/ethnic background or SES. However, the population of children in the participating schools is predominantly Caucasian and can be considered as representative of the Belgian population in terms of SES.

We thank an anonymous reviewer for this suggestion.

To examine whether the one-factor structure of this model held across gender and age groups, sequential multi-group confirmatory factor analyses were conducted to test for configural invariance, metric invariance, and scalar invariance. Following the guidelines of Chen (2007), metric invariance was assessed if ΔCFI , ΔRMSEA, and ΔSRMR were below .010, .015, and .030, respectively. Scalar invariance was regarded if these indexes were below .010, .015, and .010, respectively. For age, we compared a group of children aged 9 to 11 ( [9.58-11.50]; n = 327) with a group of children aged 12 to 15 ([11.51-14.83]; n = 371)). Results revealed both metric (χ²diff (14)= 16.44, p = .29; ΔCFI < .001, ΔRMSEA =.003; ΔSRMR = .006) and scalar invariance (χ²diff (14)= 18.27, p = .20; ΔCFI = .001, ΔRMSEA =.002; ΔSRMR = .002). For gender as well, results revealed both metric (χ²diff (14)= 13.26, p = .51; ΔCFI < .001, ΔRMSEA =.002; ΔSRMR = .004) and scalar invariance (χ²diff (14)= 20.30, p = .12; ΔCFI = .002, ΔRMSEA =.002; ΔSRMR < .001). Thus, we could conclude this one-factor structure to be invariant across age and gender.

After running this model, a second model was run in which we also included the temperamental factors at T2 (resulting in the addition of stability paths for temperament, as well as the within-time associations with temperamental factors at T2). Model fit decreased, with χ2 (14) = 165.95, p < .001; CFI = .96; RMSEA =.12. The most apparent difference with the previous model was that the indirect effect from EC at T1 on CDI at T2 through PTQ-C disappeared (bias-corrected 95% CI [-.01, .00], p = .22; B = -.00, SE = .003). EC at T1 was still a significant predictor of the PTQ-C at T2, but the previously found association between PTQ-C at T1 and the CDI at T2 did not hold, B = .05, p = .12.

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Titel: Temperament, Repetitive Negative Thinking, and Depressive Symptoms in Early Adolescence: a Prospective Study
Auteurs: Patricia Bijttebier
Margot Bastin
Sabine Nelis
Sofie Weyn
Koen Luyckx
Michael W. Vasey
Filip Raes
Publicatiedatum: 05-09-2017
Uitgeverij: Springer US
Gepubliceerd in: Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assessment / Uitgave 2/2018
Print ISSN: 0882-2689
Elektronisch ISSN: 1573-3505
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10862-017-9624-8

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