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Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assessment

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01-09-2015

Assessing Callous-Unemotional Traits in Adolescents: Validity of the Inventory of Callous-Unemotional Traits Across Gender, Age, and Community/Institutionalized Status

Auteurs: S. Pihet, S. Etter, M. Schmid, E. R. Kimonis

Gepubliceerd in: Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assessment | Uitgave 3/2015

Abstract

Callous-unemotional (CU) traits identify adolescents at high risk for severe and recurrent antisocial behaviour and are included in the DSM-5 as a specifier to conduct disorder. The Inventory of Callous-Unemotional Traits (ICU) might be the most cost-effective screening instrument for detecting CU traits in youth. We aimed to address an important gap in research by comparing the factor structure and psychometric properties of ICU scores across gender, age, and setting (community versus institutionalized). Community-based (n = 397) and institutionalized (n = 164) adolescent boys and girls completed self-reported measures of psychopathic traits (including the ICU), externalizing problems and aggression, and a laboratory measure of emotional recognition; the staff reported antisocial behavior for institutionalized children. Factor-analytic results indicated that a three-factor bifactor model best fit the data across samples, with measurement invariance across gender, age, and setting, supporting the construct validity of the ICU. In support of its criterion validity, across groups ICU scores were positively correlated with analogous dimensions from the Youth Psychopathic Traits Inventory, measures of proactive aggression, and self- and staff-reported antisocial behavior, and were associated with poorer accuracy in recognizing distress-related emotions. Our findings thus support the overall utility of the ICU for assessing CU traits in adolescent populations regardless of gender, age, and community or institutionalized status, but suggest a need for refining its assessment of the shallow affect dimension.

vorige artikel Assessing Callous-Unemotional Traits in a Spanish Sample of Institutionalized Youths: The Inventory of Callous-Unemotional Traits

volgende artikel Measurement of Behavioral and Emotional Outcomes of Youth in Foster Care: Investigation of the Roles of Age and Placement Type

This subsample did not differ significantly from the remainder of the sample on ICU or YSR scores. However, they were significantly younger.

As expected, this institutionalized subsample scored higher than the rest of the sample on all YSR and ICU scores except for the Unemotional scale. They were also significantly younger.

Two items assessed aggressive behavior (physical and verbal) and one item assessed rule-breaking behavior.

As expected, this subsample, which included nearly half of institutionalized adolescents, scored significantly higher than the rest of the sample on YSR scores as well as on the ICU Total score and Unemotional and Callousness subscale scores; they were also significantly younger.

We did not test for structural invariance as it is not a prerequisite for valid group comparisons. Moreover, it comprises 1) the invariance in structural covariances (testing whether the relations between the constructs are the same across groups), which was inapplicable in our case as the bifactor model involves only uncorrelated latent variables, and 2) the invariance in latent means (testing whether the factor means are the same across groups), which was also inapplicable as we expected the YPI to discriminate community and institutionalized adolescents, as well as between boys and girls.

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Titel: Assessing Callous-Unemotional Traits in Adolescents: Validity of the Inventory of Callous-Unemotional Traits Across Gender, Age, and Community/Institutionalized Status
Auteurs: S. Pihet
S. Etter
M. Schmid
E. R. Kimonis
Publicatiedatum: 01-09-2015
Uitgeverij: Springer US
Gepubliceerd in: Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assessment / Uitgave 3/2015
Print ISSN: 0882-2689
Elektronisch ISSN: 1573-3505
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10862-014-9472-8

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