Top

Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assessment

Gepubliceerd in:

01-09-2014

The Italian Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire: A Contribution to its Validity and Reliability

Auteurs: Caterina Giovannini, Luciano Giromini, Laura Bonalume, Angela Tagini, Margherita Lang, Gherardo Amadei

Gepubliceerd in: Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assessment | Uitgave 3/2014

Abstract

Mindfulness refers to the ability to be aware of and attentive to internal and external events, without becoming overwhelmed or feeling the need to react automatically. Recent studies indicate that this ability is associated with the following factors: mental health, psychological functioning, and stress reduction. Although questionnaires have been developed to measure mindfulness, so far these have not been adapted for use within the Italian population. Thus, the aim of our studies was to investigate the reliability and validity of an Italian version of the Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire (FFMQ; Baer et al. Assessment, 13, 27–45, 2006). The FFMQ is a self-report measure that is based on a five-facet model (i.e., Observe, Describe, Act with Awareness, Nonjudge, and Nonreact). In the first study, internal consistency, factor structure, and concurrent validity analyses were carried out on a sample of 559 volunteers. The second study entailed test–retest analyses on a different sample of 43 students. The results showed that the Italian FFMQ: (a) has a similar factor structure to the original English version; (b) has good to excellent internal consistency as a whole (alpha = 0.86) with sub-scale consistency ranging from 0.65 to 0.81, and test–retest stability for the total score being 0.71; (c) has good concurrent validity as demonstrated by significant correlations between the FFMQ scores and a number of self-report measures related to mindfulness. Our findings support both the adaptation of the FFMQ to the Italian context as well as the conceptualization of mindfulness in multi-faceted terms.

vorige artikel Negative Life Events and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder among Incarcerated Boys with Callous-Unemotional Traits

volgende artikel Differential Item Functioning of the Symptoms of Major Depression by Race and Ethnicity: An Item Response Theory Analysis

Three records were missing gender information and 3 were missing ages.

Since homoscedasticity could not be assumed, the Welch-Satterthwaite method was used to adjust the degrees of freedom.

According to Nunnally (1978) values of 0.70 or higher are considered acceptable.

Baer, R. A. (2003). Mindfulness training as a clinical intervention: a conceptual and empirical review. Clinical Psychology: Science and Practice, 10, 125–143.

Baer, R. A., Smith, G. T., & Allen, K. B. (2004). Assessment of mindfulness by self-report: the Kentucky Inventory of Mindfulness Skills. Assessment, 11, 191–206.PubMedCrossRef

Baer, R. A., Smith, G. T., Hopkins, J., Krietemeyer, J., & Toney, L. (2006). Using self-report assessment methods to explore facets of mindfulness. Assessment, 13, 27–45.PubMedCrossRef

Baer, R. A., Smith, G. T., Likins, E., Button, D., Krietemeyer, J., Sauer, S., et al. (2008). Construct validity of the five facet mindfulness questionnaire in meditating and nonmeditating samples. Assessment, 15, 329–342.PubMedCrossRef

Bagby, R. M., Taylor, G. J., & Parker, J. D. A. (1993). The twenty-item Toronto Alexithymia scale-II: convergent, discriminant, and concurrent validity. Journal of Psychosomatic Research, 38, 33–40.CrossRef

Bentler, P. M., & Bonett, D. G. (1980). Significance tests and goodness of fit in the analysis of covariance structures. Psychological Bulletin, 88, 588–606.CrossRef

Black, D. S., Semple, R. J., Pokhrel, P., & Grenard, J. L. (2011). Component processes of executive function-mindfulness, self-control, and working memory and their relationships with mental and behavioral health. Mindfulness, 2, 179–185.PubMedCentralPubMedCrossRef

Bohlmeijer, E., ten Klooster, P. M., Fledderus, M., Veehof, M., & Baer, R. (2011). Psychometric properties of the five facet mindfulness questionnaire in depressed adults and development of a short form. Assessment, 8, 308–320.CrossRef

Bränström, R., Kvillemo, P., Brandberg, Y., & Moskowitz, J. T. (2010). Self-report mindfulness as a mediator of psychological well-being in a stress reduction intervention for cancer patients: a randomized study. Annals of Behavioral Medicine, 39, 151–161.PubMedCrossRef

Bressi, C., Taylor, G. J., Parker, J. D. A., Bressi, S., Brambilla, V., Aguglia, E., et al. (1996). Cross validation of the factor structure of the 20-Item Toronto Alexithymia Scale: an Italian multicenter study. Journal of Psychosomatic Research, 41, 551–559.PubMedCrossRef

Brislin, R. W. (1980). Translation and content analysis of oral and written material. In H. C. Triandis & J. W. Berry (Eds.), Handbook of cross-cultural psychology (Vol. 1, pp. 389–444). Boston: Allyn & Bacon.

Brown, K. W., & Ryan, R. M. (2003). The benefits of being present: mindfulness and its role in psychological well-being. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 84, 822–848.PubMedCrossRef

Browne, M. W., & Cudeck, R. (1993). Alternative ways of assessing model fit. In K. A. Bollen & J. S. Long (Eds.), Testing structural equation models (pp. 136–162). Beverly Hills: Sage.

Buchheld, N., Grossman, P., & Walach, H. (2001). Measuring mindfulness in insight meditation (Vipassana) and meditation-based psychotherapy: the development of the Freiburg Mindfulness Inventory (FMI). Journal for Meditation and Meditation Research, 1, 11–34.

Caprara, G. V., Barbaranelli, C., Borgogni, L., & Vecchione, M. (2007). Big Five Questionnaire—2 (BFQ-2). Firenze: Giunti O.S. Organizzazioni Speciali.

Cardaciotto, L., Herbert, J. D., Forman, E. M., Moitra, E., & Farrow, V. (2008). The assessment of present-moment awareness and acceptance: the Philadelphia Mindfulness Scale. Assessment, 15, 204–223.PubMedCrossRef

Carmody, J., & Baer, R. A. (2008). Relationship between mindfulness practice and levels of mindfulness, medical and psychological symptoms and well-being in a mindfulness-based stress reduction program. Journal of Behavioral Medicine, 31, 23–33.PubMedCrossRef

Chadwick, P., Hember, M., Symes, J., Peters, E., Kuipers, E., & Dagnan, D. (2008). Responding mindfully to unpleasant thoughts and images: reliability and validity of the Southampton Mindfulness Questionnaire (SMQ). British Journal of Clinical Psychology, 47, 451–455.PubMedCrossRef

Cicchetti, D. V. (1994). Guidelines, criteria, and rules of thumb for evaluating normed and standardized assessment instruments in psychology. Psychological Assessment, 6, 284–290.CrossRef

Cicchetti, D. V., & Sparrow, S. S. (1981). Developing criteria for establishing the interrater reliability of specific items in a given inventory. American Journal of Mental Deficiency, 86, 127–137.PubMed

Dekeyser, M., Raes, F., Leijssen, M., Leysen, S., & Dewulf, D. (2008). Mindfulness skills and interpersonal behaviour. Personality and Individual Differences, 44, 1235–1245.CrossRef

Deng, Y., Liu, X., Rodriguez, M. A., & Xia, C. (2011). The Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire: psychometric properties of the Chinese version. Mindfulness, 2, 123–128.CrossRef

Dunn, C., Hanieh, E., Roberts, R., & Powrie, R. (2012). Mindful pregnancy and childbirth: effects of a mindfulness-based intervention on women’s psychological distress and well-being in the perinatal period. Archives of Women’s Mental Health, 15, 139–143.PubMedCrossRef

Farb, N. A., Anderson, A. K., & Segal, Z. V. (2012). The mindful brain and emotion regulation in mood disorders. Canadian Journal of Psychiatry, 57, 70–77.

Feldman, G. C., Hayes, A. M., Kumar, S. M., & Greeson, J. M. (2004). Development, factor structure, and initial validation of the Cognitive and Affective Mindfulness Scale. Unpublished.

Fernandez, A. C., Wood, M. D., Stein, L. A., & Rossi, J. S. (2010). Measuring mindfulness and examining its relationship with alcohol use and negative consequences. Psychology of Addictive Behaviour, 24, 608–616.CrossRef

Fleiss, J. L. (1981). Statistical methods for rates and proportions (2nd ed.). New York: Wiley.

Fossati, A., Feeney, J., Maffei, C., & Borroni, S. (2011). Does mindfulness mediate the association between attachment dimensions and Borderline Personality Disorder features? A study of Italian non-clinical adolescents. Attachment and Human Development, 13, 563–578.PubMedCrossRef

Fossati, A., Vigorelli Porro, F., Maffei, C., & Borroni, S. (2012). Are the DSM-IV personality disorders related to mindfulness? An Italian study on clinical participants. Journal of Clinical Psychology.

Geisinger, K. F. (2003). Testing and assessment in cross-cultural psychology. In J. R. Graham, J. A. Naglieri, & I. B. Weiner (Eds.), Handbook of psychology (Vol. 10). Assessment psychology (pp. 95–118). New Jersey: Wiley.

Giromini, L., Velotti, P., de Campora, G., Bonalume, L., & Zavattini, G. C. (2012). Cultural adaptation of the difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale: reliability and validity of an Italian version. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 68(9), 989–1007.PubMedCrossRef

Gratz, K. L., & Roemer, L. (2004). Multidimensional assessment of emotion regulation and dysregulation: development, factor structure, and initial validation of the difficulties in emotion regulation scale. Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assessment, 26, 41–54.CrossRef

Grossman, P., Niemann, L., Schmidt, S., & Walach, H. (2004). Mindfulness-based stress reduction and health benefits: a meta-analysis. Journal of Psychosomatic Research, 57, 35–43.PubMedCrossRef

Hartmann, M., Kopf, S., Kircher, C., Faude-Lang, V., Djuric, Z., Augstein, F., et al. (2012). Sustained effects of a mindfulness-based stress-reduction interventions in type 2 diabetic patients: design and first results of a randomized controlled trial (The Heidelberger Diabetes and Stress-Study). Diabetes Care, 35, 945–947.PubMedCentralPubMedCrossRef

Hayes, A. M., & Feldman, G. (2004). Clarifying the construct of mindfulness in the context of emotion regulation and the process of change in therapy. Clinical Psychology: Science and Practice, 11, 255–262.

Hayes, S. C., Strosahl, K., & Wilson, K. G. (1999). Acceptance and commitment therapy: An experiential approach to behavior change. New York: Guilford.

Hayes, S. C., Masuda, A., Bissett, R., Luoma, J., & Guerrero, L. F. (2004). DBT, FAP, and ACT: how empirically oriented are the new behaviour therapy technologies? Behavior Therapy, 35, 35–54.CrossRef

Heeren, A., Douilliezc, C., Pescharda, V., Debrauwerea, L., & Philippota, P. (2011). Cross-cultural validity of the Five Facets Mindfulness Questionnaire: adaptation and validation in a French-speaking sample. Revue Européenne de Psychologie Appliqué, 61, 147–151.CrossRef

Hu, L. T., Bentler, P. M., & Kano, Y. (1992). Can test statistics in covariance structure analysis be trusted? Psychological Bulletin, 112, 351–362.PubMedCrossRef

Jöreskog, K., & Sörbom, D. (2001). LISREL 8.51 for Windows. Computer software. Lincolnwood: Scientific Software International, Inc.

Kabat-Zinn, J. (1982). An outpatient program in behavioural medicine for chronic pain patients based on the practice of mindfulness meditation: theoretical considerations and preliminary results. General Hospital Psychiatry, 4, 33–47.PubMedCrossRef

Kabat-Zinn, J. (1990). Full catastrophe living: Using the wisdom of your mind and body to face stress, pain, and illness. New York: Delacorte.

Kearney, D. J., McDermott, K., Malte, C., Martinez, M., & Simpson, T. L. (2012). Association of participation in a mindfulness program with measures of PTSD, depression and quality of life in a veteran sample. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 68, 101–116.PubMedCrossRef

Langer, E. J. (1989). Mindfulness. Cambridge: Perseus Books.

Lau, M. A., Bishop, S. R., Segal, Z. V., Buis, T., Anderson, N. D., Carlson, L., et al. (2006). The Toronto Mindfulness Scale: development and validation. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 62, 1445–1467.PubMedCrossRef

Lilja, J. L., Frodi-Lundgren, A., Hanse, J. J., Josefsson, T., Lundh, L. G., Sköld, C., et al. (2011). Five Facets Mindfulness Questionnaire—reliability and factor structure: a Swedish version. Cognitive Behaviour Therapy, 40, 291–303.PubMedCrossRef

Linehan, M. M. (1993a). Cognitive-behavioral treatment of borderline personality disorder. New York: Guilford.

Linehan, M. M. (1993b). Skills training manual for treating borderline personality disorder. New York: Guilford.

Mace, C. (2008). Mindfulness and mental health: Therapy, theory and science. London: Routledge.

Martinez-Pons, M. (1997). The relation of emotional intelligence with selected areas of personal functioning. Imagination, Cognition, and Personality, 17, 3–13.CrossRef

Mayer, J. L., & Farmer, R. F. (2003). The development and psychometric evaluation of a new measure of dissociative activities. Journal of Personality Assessment, 80, 185–196.PubMedCrossRef

Muris, P., Merckelbach, H., & Horselenberg, R. (1996). Individual differences in thought suppression. The White Bear Suppression Inventory: factor structure, reliability, validity and correlates. Behavioural Research and Therapy, 34, 501–513.CrossRef

Nunnally, J. C. (1978). Psychometric theory. New York: McGraw-Hill.

Rasmussen, M. K., & Pidgeon, A. M. (2011). The direct and indirect benefits of dispositional mindfulness on self-esteem and social anxiety. Anxiety, Stress and Coping, 24, 227–233.CrossRef

Robins, C. J., & Chapman, A. L. (2004). Dialectical behavior therapy: current status, recent developments, and future directions. Journal of Personality Disorders, 18, 73–89.PubMedCrossRef

Salovey, P., Mayer, J. D., Goldman, S. L., Turvey, C., & Palfai, T. P. (1995). Emotional attention, clarity, and repair: Exploring emotional intelligence using the Trait Meta-Mood Scale. In J. W. Pennebaker (Ed.), Emotion, disclosure, and health (pp. 125–154). Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.CrossRef

Segal, Z. V., Williams, J. M. G., & Teasdale, J. D. (2002). Mindfulness based cognitive therapy for depression: A new approach to preventing relapse. New York: Guilford.

Sugiura, Y., Sato, A., & Ito, Y. (2011). Development and validation of the Japanese version of the Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire. Mindfulness, 3, 85–94.CrossRef

Van de Vijver, F., & Hambleton, R. K. (1996). Translating tests: some practical guidelines. European Psychologist, 1, 89–99.CrossRef

van der Lee, M. L., & Garssen, B. (2012). Mindfulness-based cognitive therapy reduces chronic cancer-related fatigue: a treatment study. Psychooncology, 21, 264–272.PubMedCrossRef

Veehof, M. M., ten Klooster, P. M., Taal, E., Westerhof, G. J., & Bohlmeijer, E. T. (2011). Psychometric properties of the Dutch Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire (FFMQ) in patients with fibromyalgia. Clinical Rheumatology, 30, 1045–1054.PubMedCentralPubMedCrossRef

Watkins, D. (1989). The role of confirmatory factor analysis in cross-cultural research. International Journal of Psychology, 24, 685–701.CrossRef

Wegner, D. M., & Zanakos, S. (1994). Chronic thought suppression. Journal of Personality, 62, 615–640.CrossRef

Titel: The Italian Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire: A Contribution to its Validity and Reliability
Auteurs: Caterina Giovannini
Luciano Giromini
Laura Bonalume
Angela Tagini
Margherita Lang
Gherardo Amadei
Publicatiedatum: 01-09-2014
Uitgeverij: Springer US
Gepubliceerd in: Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assessment / Uitgave 3/2014
Print ISSN: 0882-2689
Elektronisch ISSN: 1573-3505
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10862-013-9403-0

Bohn Stafleu van Loghum

Deel dit onderdeel of sectie (kopieer de link)

Abstract

Log in om toegang te krijgen

Andere artikelen Uitgave 3/2014

Eveningness and Seasonality are Associated with the Bipolar Disorder Vulnerability Trait

The Conundrum of the Laboratory: Challenges of Assessing Preschool-Age Children’s Salivary Cortisol Reactivity

A Bifactor Model of Anxiety Sensitivity: Analysis of the Anxiety Sensitivity Index-3

Psychopathic Traits, Empathy, and Aggression are Differentially Related to Cortisol Awakening Response

Self-Regulation and Other Executive Functions Relationship to Pediatric OCD Severity and Treatment Outcome

The Influence of Clinical Experience and Assessment Method on the Evaluation of Child Behavior Change