Skip to main content
Top
Gepubliceerd in: Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assessment 4/2011

01-12-2011

An Exploratory and Confirmatory Factor Analysis of the Affective Control Scale in an Undergraduate Sample

Auteurs: Stephen E. Melka, Steven L. Lancaster, Andrew R. Bryant, Benjamin F. Rodriguez, Rebecca Weston

Gepubliceerd in: Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assessment | Uitgave 4/2011

Log in om toegang te krijgen
share
DELEN

Deel dit onderdeel of sectie (kopieer de link)

  • Optie A:
    Klik op de rechtermuisknop op de link en selecteer de optie “linkadres kopiëren”
  • Optie B:
    Deel de link per e-mail

Abstract

A considerable amount of clinical research interest has recently developed regarding emotion dysregulation and psychopathology. Many have suggested that distinct affective management deficits may characterize anxiety and mood pathology. Despite increased research attention, efforts to validate and sufficiently investigate the psychometric properties of many self-report measures of affect regulation have been lacking. The current study examined the response behavior of 1566 undergraduate participants who completed the Affective Control Scale (ACS). The ACS assesses fear of intense emotion, and it is frequently used in empirical research. The present investigation examined the structural qualities of the measure using exploratory and confirmatory factor analytic techniques. Findings suggest the original four rationally-derived subscales do not adequately fit the observed response patterns. Rather, results indicated that a five-factor solution that included a subscale measuring emotion mismanagement better represented response behavior. Additional normative data and bivariate correlations with other measures of emotion regulation and affect are presented.
Literatuur
go back to reference Akaike, H. (1978). A Bayesian analysis of the minimum AIC procedure. Annals of the Institute of Statistical Mathematics, 30, 9–14.CrossRef Akaike, H. (1978). A Bayesian analysis of the minimum AIC procedure. Annals of the Institute of Statistical Mathematics, 30, 9–14.CrossRef
go back to reference Anastasi, A. (1982). Psychological testing. New York: Macmillan. Anastasi, A. (1982). Psychological testing. New York: Macmillan.
go back to reference Bagby, R. M., Parker, J. D. A., & Taylor, G. J. (1994). The twenty-item Toronto Alexithymia Scale: I. Item selection and cross-validation of the factor structure. Journal of Psychosomatic Research, 38, 23–32.PubMedCrossRef Bagby, R. M., Parker, J. D. A., & Taylor, G. J. (1994). The twenty-item Toronto Alexithymia Scale: I. Item selection and cross-validation of the factor structure. Journal of Psychosomatic Research, 38, 23–32.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Bentler, P. M. (1990). Comparative fit indexes in structural models. Psychological Bulletin, 107, 238–246.PubMedCrossRef Bentler, P. M. (1990). Comparative fit indexes in structural models. Psychological Bulletin, 107, 238–246.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Bentler, P. M. (1995). EQS for Windows Users Guide. Encino, CA: Multivariate Software. Bentler, P. M. (1995). EQS for Windows Users Guide. Encino, CA: Multivariate Software.
go back to reference Bentler, P. M., & Bonnet, D. C. (1980). Significance tests and goodness of fit in the analysis of covariance structures. Psychological Bulletin, 88, 588–606.CrossRef Bentler, P. M., & Bonnet, D. C. (1980). Significance tests and goodness of fit in the analysis of covariance structures. Psychological Bulletin, 88, 588–606.CrossRef
go back to reference Berg, C. Z., Shapiro, N., Chambless, D. L., & Ahrens, A. H. (1998). Are emotions frightening? II: An analogue study of fear of emotion, interpersonal conflict, and panic onset. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 36, 3–15.PubMedCrossRef Berg, C. Z., Shapiro, N., Chambless, D. L., & Ahrens, A. H. (1998). Are emotions frightening? II: An analogue study of fear of emotion, interpersonal conflict, and panic onset. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 36, 3–15.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Bollen, K. A. (1989). Structural equations with latent variables. New York: Wiley. Bollen, K. A. (1989). Structural equations with latent variables. New York: Wiley.
go back to reference Bollen, K. A. (1990). Overall fit in covariance structure models: two types of sample size effects. Psychological Bulletin, 107, 256–259.CrossRef Bollen, K. A. (1990). Overall fit in covariance structure models: two types of sample size effects. Psychological Bulletin, 107, 256–259.CrossRef
go back to reference Bollen, K. A., & Liang, J. (1988). Some properties of Hoelter's CN. Sociological Methods and Research, 16, 492–503.CrossRef Bollen, K. A., & Liang, J. (1988). Some properties of Hoelter's CN. Sociological Methods and Research, 16, 492–503.CrossRef
go back to reference Breckler, S. J. (1990). Applications of covariance structure modeling in psychology: cause for concern? Psychological Bulletin, 107, 260–273.PubMedCrossRef Breckler, S. J. (1990). Applications of covariance structure modeling in psychology: cause for concern? Psychological Bulletin, 107, 260–273.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Brody, L. R. (1997). Gender and emotion: beyond stereotypes. Journal of Social Issues, 53, 369–393.CrossRef Brody, L. R. (1997). Gender and emotion: beyond stereotypes. Journal of Social Issues, 53, 369–393.CrossRef
go back to reference Brown, M. W., & Cudeck, R. (1993). Alternative ways of assessing model fit. In K. A. Bollen & J. S. Long (Eds.), Testing Structural Equation Models. Newbury Park: Sage Publications. Brown, M. W., & Cudeck, R. (1993). Alternative ways of assessing model fit. In K. A. Bollen & J. S. Long (Eds.), Testing Structural Equation Models. Newbury Park: Sage Publications.
go back to reference Chapman, L. K., Kertz, S. J., Zurlage, M., & Woodruff-Borden, J. (2008). A confirmatory factor analysis of specific phobia domains in African American and Caucasian American young adults. Journal of Anxiety Disorders, 22, 763–771.PubMedCrossRef Chapman, L. K., Kertz, S. J., Zurlage, M., & Woodruff-Borden, J. (2008). A confirmatory factor analysis of specific phobia domains in African American and Caucasian American young adults. Journal of Anxiety Disorders, 22, 763–771.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Chapman, L. K., Williams, S. R., Mast, B. T., & Woodruff-Borden, J. (2009). A confirmatory factor analysis of the Beck Anxiety Inventory in African American and European American young adults. Journal of Anxiety Disorders, 23, 387–392.PubMedCrossRef Chapman, L. K., Williams, S. R., Mast, B. T., & Woodruff-Borden, J. (2009). A confirmatory factor analysis of the Beck Anxiety Inventory in African American and European American young adults. Journal of Anxiety Disorders, 23, 387–392.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Cleland, C., Magura, S., Foote, J., Rosenblum, A., & Kosanke, N. (2005). Psychometric properties of the Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS-20) for substance users. Journal of Psychosomatic Research, 58, 299–306.PubMedCrossRef Cleland, C., Magura, S., Foote, J., Rosenblum, A., & Kosanke, N. (2005). Psychometric properties of the Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS-20) for substance users. Journal of Psychosomatic Research, 58, 299–306.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Comrey, A. L., & Lee, H. B. (1992). A first course in factor analysis. Hillsdale: L. Erlbaum Associates. Comrey, A. L., & Lee, H. B. (1992). A first course in factor analysis. Hillsdale: L. Erlbaum Associates.
go back to reference Crawford, J. R., & Henry, J. D. (2004). The positive and negative affect schedule (PANAS): construct validity, measurement properties and normative data in a large non-clinical sample. British Journal of Clinical Psychology, 43, 245–265.PubMedCrossRef Crawford, J. R., & Henry, J. D. (2004). The positive and negative affect schedule (PANAS): construct validity, measurement properties and normative data in a large non-clinical sample. British Journal of Clinical Psychology, 43, 245–265.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference De Gucht, V., Fontaine, J., & Fischler, B. (2004). Temporal stability and differential relationships with neuroticism and extraversion of the three subscales of the 20-item Toronto Alexithymia Scale in clinical and nonclinical samples. Journal of Psychosomatic Research, 57, 25–33.PubMedCrossRef De Gucht, V., Fontaine, J., & Fischler, B. (2004). Temporal stability and differential relationships with neuroticism and extraversion of the three subscales of the 20-item Toronto Alexithymia Scale in clinical and nonclinical samples. Journal of Psychosomatic Research, 57, 25–33.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Fischer, A. H. (2000). Gender and Emotion: Social Psychological Perspectives. New York: Cambridge University Press.CrossRef Fischer, A. H. (2000). Gender and Emotion: Social Psychological Perspectives. New York: Cambridge University Press.CrossRef
go back to reference Forbes, D., Parslow, R., Creamer, M., Allen, N., McHugh, T., & Hopwood, M. (2008). Mechanisms of anger and treatment outcome in combat veterans with posttraumatic stress disorder. Journal of Traumatic Stress, 21, 142–149.PubMedCrossRef Forbes, D., Parslow, R., Creamer, M., Allen, N., McHugh, T., & Hopwood, M. (2008). Mechanisms of anger and treatment outcome in combat veterans with posttraumatic stress disorder. Journal of Traumatic Stress, 21, 142–149.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Gerbing, D. W., & Anderson, J. C. (1993). Monte Carlo evaluations of goodness-of-fit indices for structural equation models. In K. A. Bollen & J. S. Long (Eds.), Testing structural equation models (pp. 40–65). Newbury Park, CA: Sage. Gerbing, D. W., & Anderson, J. C. (1993). Monte Carlo evaluations of goodness-of-fit indices for structural equation models. In K. A. Bollen & J. S. Long (Eds.), Testing structural equation models (pp. 40–65). Newbury Park, CA: Sage.
go back to reference Goldstein, A. J., & Chambless, D. L. (1978). A reanalysis of agoraphobia. Behavior Therapy, 9, 47–59.CrossRef Goldstein, A. J., & Chambless, D. L. (1978). A reanalysis of agoraphobia. Behavior Therapy, 9, 47–59.CrossRef
go back to reference Gross, J. J., & John, O. P. (1995). Facets of emotional expressivity: three self-report factors and their correlates. Personality and Individual Differences, 19, 555–568.CrossRef Gross, J. J., & John, O. P. (1995). Facets of emotional expressivity: three self-report factors and their correlates. Personality and Individual Differences, 19, 555–568.CrossRef
go back to reference Gross, J. J., & John, O. P. (1997). Revealing feelings: facets of emotional expressivity in self-reports, peer ratings, and behavior. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 72, 435–448.PubMedCrossRef Gross, J. J., & John, O. P. (1997). Revealing feelings: facets of emotional expressivity in self-reports, peer ratings, and behavior. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 72, 435–448.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Gross, J. J., & John, O. P. (2003). Individual differences in two emotion regulation processes: implications for affect, relationships, and well-being. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 85, 348–362.PubMedCrossRef Gross, J. J., & John, O. P. (2003). Individual differences in two emotion regulation processes: implications for affect, relationships, and well-being. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 85, 348–362.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Hess, U., Senecal, S., Kirouac, G., Herrera, P., Philippot, P., & Kleck, R. E. (2000). Emotional expressivity in men and women: stereotypes and self-perceptions. Cognition & Emotion, 14, 609–642.CrossRef Hess, U., Senecal, S., Kirouac, G., Herrera, P., Philippot, P., & Kleck, R. E. (2000). Emotional expressivity in men and women: stereotypes and self-perceptions. Cognition & Emotion, 14, 609–642.CrossRef
go back to reference Hu, L. T., & Bentler, P. M. (1995). Evaluating model fit. In R. H. Hoyle (Ed.), Structural equation modeling: Concepts, issues and applications (pp. 76–99). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage. Hu, L. T., & Bentler, P. M. (1995). Evaluating model fit. In R. H. Hoyle (Ed.), Structural equation modeling: Concepts, issues and applications (pp. 76–99). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
go back to reference Jaccard, J., & Wan, C. K. (1996). LISREL approaches to interaction effects in multiple regression. Newbury Park: Sage. Jaccard, J., & Wan, C. K. (1996). LISREL approaches to interaction effects in multiple regression. Newbury Park: Sage.
go back to reference Kline, R. B. (2004). Principles and practice of structural equation modeling (2nd ed.). New York: Guilford Press. Kline, R. B. (2004). Principles and practice of structural equation modeling (2nd ed.). New York: Guilford Press.
go back to reference Lancaster, S. L., Melka, S. E., & Rodriguez, B. F. (2009). A factor analytic comparison of five models of PTSD symptoms. Journal of Anxiety Disorders, 23, 269–274.PubMedCrossRef Lancaster, S. L., Melka, S. E., & Rodriguez, B. F. (2009). A factor analytic comparison of five models of PTSD symptoms. Journal of Anxiety Disorders, 23, 269–274.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Liverant, G. I., Brown, T. A., Barlow, D. H., & Roemer, L. (2008). Emotion regulation in unipolar depression: the effects of acceptance and suppression of subjective emotional experience on the intensity and duration of sadness and negative affect. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 46, 1201–1209.PubMedCrossRef Liverant, G. I., Brown, T. A., Barlow, D. H., & Roemer, L. (2008). Emotion regulation in unipolar depression: the effects of acceptance and suppression of subjective emotional experience on the intensity and duration of sadness and negative affect. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 46, 1201–1209.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Lykins, E. L. B., & Baer, R. A. (2009). Psychological functioning in a sample of long-term practitioners of mindfulness meditation. Journal of Cognitive Psychotherapy: An International Quarterly, 23, 226–241.CrossRef Lykins, E. L. B., & Baer, R. A. (2009). Psychological functioning in a sample of long-term practitioners of mindfulness meditation. Journal of Cognitive Psychotherapy: An International Quarterly, 23, 226–241.CrossRef
go back to reference Marsh, H. W. (1996). Positive and negative global self-esteem: a substantively meaningful distinction or artifactors? Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 70, 810–819.PubMedCrossRef Marsh, H. W. (1996). Positive and negative global self-esteem: a substantively meaningful distinction or artifactors? Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 70, 810–819.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Marsh, H. W., Hau, K.-T., & Wen, Z. (2004). In search of golden rules: comment on hypothesis-testing approaches to setting cutoff values for fit indexes and dangers in overgeneralizing Hu and Bentler's (1999) findings. Structural Equation Modeling, 11, 320–341.CrossRef Marsh, H. W., Hau, K.-T., & Wen, Z. (2004). In search of golden rules: comment on hypothesis-testing approaches to setting cutoff values for fit indexes and dangers in overgeneralizing Hu and Bentler's (1999) findings. Structural Equation Modeling, 11, 320–341.CrossRef
go back to reference Mehrabian, A. (1998). Comparison of the PAD and PANAS as models for describing emotions and for differentiating anxiety from depression. Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assessment, 19, 331–357.CrossRef Mehrabian, A. (1998). Comparison of the PAD and PANAS as models for describing emotions and for differentiating anxiety from depression. Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assessment, 19, 331–357.CrossRef
go back to reference Melka, S. E., Lancaster, S. L., Adams, L. J., Howarth, E. A., & Rodriguez, B. F. (2010). Social anxiety across ethnicity: a confirmatory actor analysis of the FNE and SAD. Journal of Anxiety Disorders, 24, 680–685.PubMedCrossRef Melka, S. E., Lancaster, S. L., Adams, L. J., Howarth, E. A., & Rodriguez, B. F. (2010). Social anxiety across ethnicity: a confirmatory actor analysis of the FNE and SAD. Journal of Anxiety Disorders, 24, 680–685.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Mennin, D. S., Heimberg, R. G., Turk, C. L., & Fresco, D. M. (2005). Preliminary evidence for an emotion dysregulation model of generalized anxiety disroder. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 43, 377–412.CrossRef Mennin, D. S., Heimberg, R. G., Turk, C. L., & Fresco, D. M. (2005). Preliminary evidence for an emotion dysregulation model of generalized anxiety disroder. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 43, 377–412.CrossRef
go back to reference Mennin, D. S., Holaway, R. M., Fresco, D. M., Moore, M. T., & Heimberg, R. G. (2007). Delineating components off emotion and its dysregulation in anxiety and mood psychopathology. Behavior Therapy, 38, 284–302.PubMedCrossRef Mennin, D. S., Holaway, R. M., Fresco, D. M., Moore, M. T., & Heimberg, R. G. (2007). Delineating components off emotion and its dysregulation in anxiety and mood psychopathology. Behavior Therapy, 38, 284–302.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Moore, S. A., Zoellner, L. A., & Mollenholt, N. (2008). Are expressive suppression and cognitive reappraisal associated with stress-related symptoms? Behaviour Research and Therapy, 46, 993–1000.PubMedCrossRef Moore, S. A., Zoellner, L. A., & Mollenholt, N. (2008). Are expressive suppression and cognitive reappraisal associated with stress-related symptoms? Behaviour Research and Therapy, 46, 993–1000.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Nunnally, J. C., & Bernstein, I. H. (1994). Psychometric theory. New York: McGraw-Hill. Nunnally, J. C., & Bernstein, I. H. (1994). Psychometric theory. New York: McGraw-Hill.
go back to reference Palmer, B., Gignac, G., Bates, T., & Stough, C. (2003). Examining the structure of the Trait Meta-Mood Scale. Australian Journal of Psychology, 55, 154–158.CrossRef Palmer, B., Gignac, G., Bates, T., & Stough, C. (2003). Examining the structure of the Trait Meta-Mood Scale. Australian Journal of Psychology, 55, 154–158.CrossRef
go back to reference Price, J. L., Monson, C. M., Callahan, K., & Rodriguez, B. F. (2006). The role of emotional functioning in military-related PTSD and its treatment. Journal of Anxiety Disorders, 20, 661–674.PubMedCrossRef Price, J. L., Monson, C. M., Callahan, K., & Rodriguez, B. F. (2006). The role of emotional functioning in military-related PTSD and its treatment. Journal of Anxiety Disorders, 20, 661–674.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Reiss, S. (1991). Expectancy model of fear, anxiety, and panic. Clinical Psychology Review Special Issue: Applied learning theory: Research issues for the 1990 s, 11, 141–153. Reiss, S. (1991). Expectancy model of fear, anxiety, and panic. Clinical Psychology Review Special Issue: Applied learning theory: Research issues for the 1990 s, 11, 141–153.
go back to reference Salovey, P., Mayer, J. D., Goldman, S., Turvey, C., & Palfai, T. (1995). Emotional attention, clarity, and repair: Exploring emotional intelligence using the Trait Meta-Mood Scale. In J. W. Pennebaker (Ed.), Emotion, disclosure, and health (pp. 125–154). Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.CrossRef Salovey, P., Mayer, J. D., Goldman, S., Turvey, C., & Palfai, T. (1995). Emotional attention, clarity, and repair: Exploring emotional intelligence using the Trait Meta-Mood Scale. In J. W. Pennebaker (Ed.), Emotion, disclosure, and health (pp. 125–154). Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.CrossRef
go back to reference Satorra, A., & Bentler, P. M. (1994). Corrections to test statistics and standard errors in covariance structure analysis. In A. von Eye & C. C. Clogg (Eds.), Latent variables analysis: Applications for developmental research. Thousand Oaks: Sage. Satorra, A., & Bentler, P. M. (1994). Corrections to test statistics and standard errors in covariance structure analysis. In A. von Eye & C. C. Clogg (Eds.), Latent variables analysis: Applications for developmental research. Thousand Oaks: Sage.
go back to reference Schumacker, R. E., & Lomax, R. G. (2004). A beginner's guide to structural equation modeling (2nd ed.). Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum and Associates. Schumacker, R. E., & Lomax, R. G. (2004). A beginner's guide to structural equation modeling (2nd ed.). Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum and Associates.
go back to reference Sexton, K. A., & Dugas, M. J. (2009). An investigation of factors associated with cognitive avoidance in worry. Cognitive Therapy and Research, 33, 150–162.CrossRef Sexton, K. A., & Dugas, M. J. (2009). An investigation of factors associated with cognitive avoidance in worry. Cognitive Therapy and Research, 33, 150–162.CrossRef
go back to reference Spector, P. E., Van Katwyk, P. T., Brannick, M. T., & Chen, P. Y. (1997). When two factors don’t reflect two constructs: how item characteristics can produce artifactual factors. Journal of Management, 23, 659–677.CrossRef Spector, P. E., Van Katwyk, P. T., Brannick, M. T., & Chen, P. Y. (1997). When two factors don’t reflect two constructs: how item characteristics can produce artifactual factors. Journal of Management, 23, 659–677.CrossRef
go back to reference Spokas, M., Luterek, J. A., & Heimberg, R. G. (2009). Social anxiety and emotional suppression: the mediating role of beliefs. Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry, 40, 283–291.PubMedCrossRef Spokas, M., Luterek, J. A., & Heimberg, R. G. (2009). Social anxiety and emotional suppression: the mediating role of beliefs. Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry, 40, 283–291.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Steiger, J. H. (1990). Structural model evaluation and modification: an interval estimation approach. Multivariate Behavioral Research, 25, 173–180.CrossRef Steiger, J. H. (1990). Structural model evaluation and modification: an interval estimation approach. Multivariate Behavioral Research, 25, 173–180.CrossRef
go back to reference Stevens, J. (2002). Applied multivariate statistics for the social sciences. Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum. Stevens, J. (2002). Applied multivariate statistics for the social sciences. Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum.
go back to reference Tabachnick, B. G., & Fidell, L. S. (2007). Using multivariate statistics. Boston: Pearson Education, Inc. Tabachnick, B. G., & Fidell, L. S. (2007). Using multivariate statistics. Boston: Pearson Education, Inc.
go back to reference Taylor, S., & Cox, B. J. (1998a). An expanded anxiety sensitivity index: evidence for a hierarchic structure in a clinical sample. Journal of Anxiety Disorders, 12, 463–483.PubMedCrossRef Taylor, S., & Cox, B. J. (1998a). An expanded anxiety sensitivity index: evidence for a hierarchic structure in a clinical sample. Journal of Anxiety Disorders, 12, 463–483.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Taylor, S., & Cox, B. J. (1998b). Anxiety sensitivity: multiple dimensions and hierarchic structure. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 36, 37–51.PubMedCrossRef Taylor, S., & Cox, B. J. (1998b). Anxiety sensitivity: multiple dimensions and hierarchic structure. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 36, 37–51.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Tucker, L. R., & Lewis, C. (1973). A reliability coefficient for maximum likelihood factor analysis. Psychometrika, 38, 1–10.CrossRef Tucker, L. R., & Lewis, C. (1973). A reliability coefficient for maximum likelihood factor analysis. Psychometrika, 38, 1–10.CrossRef
go back to reference Tull, M. T., Jakupcak, M., McFadden, M. E., & Roemer, L. (2007). The role of negative affect intensity and the fear of emotions in posttraumatic stress symptoms severity among victims of childhood interpersonal violence. Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease, 195, 580–587.PubMedCrossRef Tull, M. T., Jakupcak, M., McFadden, M. E., & Roemer, L. (2007). The role of negative affect intensity and the fear of emotions in posttraumatic stress symptoms severity among victims of childhood interpersonal violence. Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease, 195, 580–587.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Turk, C. L., Heimberg, R. G., Luterek, J. A., Mennin, D. S., & Fresco, D. M. (2005). Emotion dysregulation in generalized anxiety disorder: a comparison with Social Anxiety Disorder. Cognitive Therapy and Research, 29, 89–106.CrossRef Turk, C. L., Heimberg, R. G., Luterek, J. A., Mennin, D. S., & Fresco, D. M. (2005). Emotion dysregulation in generalized anxiety disorder: a comparison with Social Anxiety Disorder. Cognitive Therapy and Research, 29, 89–106.CrossRef
go back to reference Watson, D., Clark, L. A., & Tellegen, A. (1988). Development and validation of brief measures of positive and negative affect: The PANAS scales. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 47, 1063–1070.CrossRef Watson, D., Clark, L. A., & Tellegen, A. (1988). Development and validation of brief measures of positive and negative affect: The PANAS scales. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 47, 1063–1070.CrossRef
go back to reference Weston, R., & Gore, P. A. (2006). A brief guide to structural equation modeling. The Counseling Psychologist, 34, 719–751.CrossRef Weston, R., & Gore, P. A. (2006). A brief guide to structural equation modeling. The Counseling Psychologist, 34, 719–751.CrossRef
go back to reference Weston, R., Gore, P. A., Chan, F., & Catalano, D. (2008). An introduction to using structural—equation models in rehabilitation psychology. Rehabilitation Psychology, 53, 340–356.CrossRef Weston, R., Gore, P. A., Chan, F., & Catalano, D. (2008). An introduction to using structural—equation models in rehabilitation psychology. Rehabilitation Psychology, 53, 340–356.CrossRef
go back to reference Williams, K. E. (1992). An analogue study of panic onset. Unpublished doctoral dissertation. Department of Psychology, American University, Washington, DC. Williams, K. E. (1992). An analogue study of panic onset. Unpublished doctoral dissertation. Department of Psychology, American University, Washington, DC.
go back to reference Williams, K. E., Chambless, D. L., & Ahrens, A. (1997). Are emotions frightening? An extension of the fear of fear construct. Behaviour research and therapy, 35, 239–248.PubMedCrossRef Williams, K. E., Chambless, D. L., & Ahrens, A. (1997). Are emotions frightening? An extension of the fear of fear construct. Behaviour research and therapy, 35, 239–248.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Woods, C. M. (2007). Careless responding to reverse-worded items: implications for confirmatory factor analysis. Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assessment, 28, 186–191.CrossRef Woods, C. M. (2007). Careless responding to reverse-worded items: implications for confirmatory factor analysis. Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assessment, 28, 186–191.CrossRef
go back to reference Yen, S., Zlotnick, C., & Costello, E. (2002). Affect regulation in women with borderline personality disorder traits. Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease, 190, 693–696.PubMedCrossRef Yen, S., Zlotnick, C., & Costello, E. (2002). Affect regulation in women with borderline personality disorder traits. Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease, 190, 693–696.PubMedCrossRef
Metagegevens
Titel
An Exploratory and Confirmatory Factor Analysis of the Affective Control Scale in an Undergraduate Sample
Auteurs
Stephen E. Melka
Steven L. Lancaster
Andrew R. Bryant
Benjamin F. Rodriguez
Rebecca Weston
Publicatiedatum
01-12-2011
Uitgeverij
Springer US
Gepubliceerd in
Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assessment / Uitgave 4/2011
Print ISSN: 0882-2689
Elektronisch ISSN: 1573-3505
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10862-011-9236-7

Andere artikelen Uitgave 4/2011

Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assessment 4/2011 Naar de uitgave