Skip to main content
Top
Gepubliceerd in: Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assessment 3/2008

01-09-2008

Parent and Teacher Ratings on the IOWA Conners Rating Scale

Auteurs: Daniel A. Waschbusch, Michael T. Willoughby

Gepubliceerd in: Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assessment | Uitgave 3/2008

Log in om toegang te krijgen
share
DELEN

Deel dit onderdeel of sectie (kopieer de link)

  • Optie A:
    Klik op de rechtermuisknop op de link en selecteer de optie “linkadres kopiëren”
  • Optie B:
    Deel de link per e-mail

Abstract

The IOWA Conners Rating Scale is a widely used brief measure of inattentive-impulsive-overactive (IO) and oppositional-defiant (OD) behavior in children. This study examined the psychometric properties of this measure when completed by mothers and teachers. Results of confirmatory factor analyses indicated that a three-factor solution, conforming to current DSM-IV formulations of the disruptive behavior disorders, provided a better fit to the observed data than the currently used two-factor model, in which no distinction is made between inattentive and hyperactive-impulsive behaviors. Both new and currently used scale scores had good internal consistency and test–retest reliability and showed that boys’ scores were significantly higher than girls’ scores. Results held for both mother and teacher ratings. Clinical cutoff scores were proposed and performed reasonably well to screen for ADHD and ODD. Results support the IOWA Conners as a screening measure for the disruptive behavior disorders or as a tool for monitoring treatment response.
Voetnoten
1
Given the sampling design, students were nested within classrooms. To assess whether this hierarchical data structure affected any of the conclusions reported herein, sensitivity analyses were performed. Specifically, every CFA model was re-estimated as multilevel CFA model such that children were considered clustered in classrooms. Rather than specifying separate classroom and child level models, classroom was treated as a nuisance variable and used to obtain corrected test statistics and standard errors. None of the substantive conclusions changed once the hierarchical data structure was taken into account. These analyses are available upon request.
 
2
Grade rather than age was used in these analyses to maintain consistency with past research on the IOWA (Pelham et al. 1989).
 
Literatuur
go back to reference Achenbach, T. M., McConaughy, S. H., & Howell, C. T. (1987). Child/adolescent behavioral and emotional problems: Implications of cross-informant correlations for situational specificity. Psychological Bulletin, 101(2), 213–232.PubMedCrossRef Achenbach, T. M., McConaughy, S. H., & Howell, C. T. (1987). Child/adolescent behavioral and emotional problems: Implications of cross-informant correlations for situational specificity. Psychological Bulletin, 101(2), 213–232.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Airaksinen, E. M., Michelsson, K., & Jokela, V. (2004). The occurrence of inattention, hyperactivity, impulsivity, and coexisting symptoms in a population study of 471 6–8 year old children based on the FTF (Five to Fifteen) questionnaire. European Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 13(Supplement 3), 23–30.PubMed Airaksinen, E. M., Michelsson, K., & Jokela, V. (2004). The occurrence of inattention, hyperactivity, impulsivity, and coexisting symptoms in a population study of 471 6–8 year old children based on the FTF (Five to Fifteen) questionnaire. European Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 13(Supplement 3), 23–30.PubMed
go back to reference American Psychiatric Association. (2000). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (4th text revision ed.). Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Association. American Psychiatric Association. (2000). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (4th text revision ed.). Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Association.
go back to reference Anderman, C., Cheadle, A., Curry, S., Diehr, P., Shultz, L., & Wagner, E. (1995). Selection bias related to parental consent in school-based survey research. Evaluation Review, 19, 663–674.CrossRef Anderman, C., Cheadle, A., Curry, S., Diehr, P., Shultz, L., & Wagner, E. (1995). Selection bias related to parental consent in school-based survey research. Evaluation Review, 19, 663–674.CrossRef
go back to reference Atkins, M. S., Pelham, W. E., & Licht, M. H. (1988). The development and validation of objective classroom measures for the assessment of conduct and attention deficit disorders. In R. J. Prinz (Ed.), Advances in behavioral assessment of children and families (Vol. 4, pp. 3–33). Greenwich, CT: JAI. Atkins, M. S., Pelham, W. E., & Licht, M. H. (1988). The development and validation of objective classroom measures for the assessment of conduct and attention deficit disorders. In R. J. Prinz (Ed.), Advances in behavioral assessment of children and families (Vol. 4, pp. 3–33). Greenwich, CT: JAI.
go back to reference Atkins, M. S., Pelham, W. E., & Licht, M. H. (1989). The differential validity of teacher ratings of inattention/overactivity and aggression. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 17(4), 423–435.PubMedCrossRef Atkins, M. S., Pelham, W. E., & Licht, M. H. (1989). The differential validity of teacher ratings of inattention/overactivity and aggression. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 17(4), 423–435.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Barkley, R. A. (1997). Behavioral inhibition, sustained attention, and executive functions: Constructing a unified theory of ADHD. Psychological Bulletin, 121(1), 65–94.PubMedCrossRef Barkley, R. A. (1997). Behavioral inhibition, sustained attention, and executive functions: Constructing a unified theory of ADHD. Psychological Bulletin, 121(1), 65–94.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Brent, D. A., Oquendo, M., Birmaher, B., Greenhill, L. L., Kolko, D., Stanley, B., et al. (2004). Familial transmission of mood disorders: Convergence and divergence with transmission of suicidal behavior. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 43(10), 1259–1266.PubMedCrossRef Brent, D. A., Oquendo, M., Birmaher, B., Greenhill, L. L., Kolko, D., Stanley, B., et al. (2004). Familial transmission of mood disorders: Convergence and divergence with transmission of suicidal behavior. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 43(10), 1259–1266.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Burns, G. L., Walsh, J. A., Patterson, D. R., Holte, C. S., Sommers-Flanagan, R., & Parker, C. M. (1997). Internal validity of the disruptive behavior disorder symptoms: Implications from parent ratings for a dimensional approach to symptom validity. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 25(4), 307–319.PubMedCrossRef Burns, G. L., Walsh, J. A., Patterson, D. R., Holte, C. S., Sommers-Flanagan, R., & Parker, C. M. (1997). Internal validity of the disruptive behavior disorder symptoms: Implications from parent ratings for a dimensional approach to symptom validity. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 25(4), 307–319.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Byrne, B. M., Shavelson, R. J., & Muthén, B. (1989). Testing for the equivalence of factor covariance and mean structures: The issue of partial measurement invariance. Psychological Bulletin, 105(3), 456–466.CrossRef Byrne, B. M., Shavelson, R. J., & Muthén, B. (1989). Testing for the equivalence of factor covariance and mean structures: The issue of partial measurement invariance. Psychological Bulletin, 105(3), 456–466.CrossRef
go back to reference Cohen, P., Cohen, J., Kasen, S., Velez, C. N., Harmark, C., Johnson, J., et al. (1993). An epidemiological study of disorders in late childhood and adolescence: I. Age and gender specific prevalence. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry and Allied Disciplines, 34(6), 851–867.CrossRef Cohen, P., Cohen, J., Kasen, S., Velez, C. N., Harmark, C., Johnson, J., et al. (1993). An epidemiological study of disorders in late childhood and adolescence: I. Age and gender specific prevalence. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry and Allied Disciplines, 34(6), 851–867.CrossRef
go back to reference Conners, C. K. (1969). A teacher rating scale for use in drug studies with children. American Journal of Psychiatry, 126, 884–888.PubMed Conners, C. K. (1969). A teacher rating scale for use in drug studies with children. American Journal of Psychiatry, 126, 884–888.PubMed
go back to reference DuPaul, G. J., Power, T. J., Anastopoulos, A. D., Reid, R., McGoey, K. E., & Ikeda, M. J. (1997). Teacher ratings of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder symptoms: Factor structure and normative data. Psychological Assessment, 9(4), 436–444.CrossRef DuPaul, G. J., Power, T. J., Anastopoulos, A. D., Reid, R., McGoey, K. E., & Ikeda, M. J. (1997). Teacher ratings of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder symptoms: Factor structure and normative data. Psychological Assessment, 9(4), 436–444.CrossRef
go back to reference Elgar, F. J., Curtis, L. J., McGrath, P. J., Waschbusch, D. A., & Stewart, S. H. (2003). Antecedent-consequence conditions in maternal mood and child behavioural problems: A four-year cross-lagged study. Journal of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology, 32(3), 362–374.PubMedCrossRef Elgar, F. J., Curtis, L. J., McGrath, P. J., Waschbusch, D. A., & Stewart, S. H. (2003). Antecedent-consequence conditions in maternal mood and child behavioural problems: A four-year cross-lagged study. Journal of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology, 32(3), 362–374.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Flora, D. B., & Curran, P. J. (2004). An empirical evaluation of alternative methods of estimation for confirmatory factor analysis with ordinal data. Psychological Methods, 9(4), 466–491.PubMedCrossRef Flora, D. B., & Curran, P. J. (2004). An empirical evaluation of alternative methods of estimation for confirmatory factor analysis with ordinal data. Psychological Methods, 9(4), 466–491.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Frissell, K. C., McCarthy, D. M., D’Amico, E. J., Metrik, J., Ellingstad, T. P., & Brown, S. A. (2004). Impact of consent procedures on reported levels of adolescent alcohol use. Psychology of Addictive Behaviors, 18(4), 307–315.PubMedCrossRef Frissell, K. C., McCarthy, D. M., D’Amico, E. J., Metrik, J., Ellingstad, T. P., & Brown, S. A. (2004). Impact of consent procedures on reported levels of adolescent alcohol use. Psychology of Addictive Behaviors, 18(4), 307–315.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Gadow, K. D., Sprafkin, J., Salisbury, H., Schneider, J., & Loney, J. (2004). Further validity evidence for the teacher version of the Child Symptom Inventory—4. School Psychology Quarterly, 19(1), 50–71.CrossRef Gadow, K. D., Sprafkin, J., Salisbury, H., Schneider, J., & Loney, J. (2004). Further validity evidence for the teacher version of the Child Symptom Inventory—4. School Psychology Quarterly, 19(1), 50–71.CrossRef
go back to reference Gaub, M., & Carlson, C. L. (1997). Gender differences in ADHD: A meta-analysis and critical review. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 36(8), 1036–1045.PubMedCrossRef Gaub, M., & Carlson, C. L. (1997). Gender differences in ADHD: A meta-analysis and critical review. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 36(8), 1036–1045.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Gottfredson, G. D., & Gottfredson, D. C. (2001). What schools do to prevent problem behavior and promote safe environments. Journal of Educational and Psychological Consultation, 12(4), 313–344.CrossRef Gottfredson, G. D., & Gottfredson, D. C. (2001). What schools do to prevent problem behavior and promote safe environments. Journal of Educational and Psychological Consultation, 12(4), 313–344.CrossRef
go back to reference Halperin, J. M., McKay, K. E., Grayson, R. H., & Newcorn, J. H. (2003). Reliability, validity, and preliminary normative data for the Children’s Aggression Scale—Teacher version. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 32(8), 965–971.CrossRef Halperin, J. M., McKay, K. E., Grayson, R. H., & Newcorn, J. H. (2003). Reliability, validity, and preliminary normative data for the Children’s Aggression Scale—Teacher version. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 32(8), 965–971.CrossRef
go back to reference Hart, E. L., Lahey, B. B., Loeber, R., & Hanson, K. S. (1994). Criterion validity of informants in the diagnosis of disruptive behavior disorders in children: A preliminary study. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 62(2), 410–414.PubMedCrossRef Hart, E. L., Lahey, B. B., Loeber, R., & Hanson, K. S. (1994). Criterion validity of informants in the diagnosis of disruptive behavior disorders in children: A preliminary study. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 62(2), 410–414.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Hinshaw, S. P. (1987). On the distinction between attentional deficits/hyperactivity and conduct problems/aggression in child psychopathology. Psychological Review, 101(3), 443–463. Hinshaw, S. P. (1987). On the distinction between attentional deficits/hyperactivity and conduct problems/aggression in child psychopathology. Psychological Review, 101(3), 443–463.
go back to reference Hutchinson, S. R., & Olmos, A. (1998). Behavior of descriptive fit indexes in confirmatory factor analysis using ordered categorical data. Structural Equation Modeling, 5(4), 344–364.CrossRef Hutchinson, S. R., & Olmos, A. (1998). Behavior of descriptive fit indexes in confirmatory factor analysis using ordered categorical data. Structural Equation Modeling, 5(4), 344–364.CrossRef
go back to reference Johnston, C., & Pelham, W. E. (1986). Teacher ratings predict peer ratings of aggression at 3-year follow-up in boys with attention deficit disorder with hyperactivity. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 54(4), 571–572.PubMedCrossRef Johnston, C., & Pelham, W. E. (1986). Teacher ratings predict peer ratings of aggression at 3-year follow-up in boys with attention deficit disorder with hyperactivity. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 54(4), 571–572.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Keenan, K., Loeber, R., & Green, S. (1999). Conduct disorder in girls: A review of the literature. Clinical Child and Family Psychology Review, 2(1), 3–19.PubMedCrossRef Keenan, K., Loeber, R., & Green, S. (1999). Conduct disorder in girls: A review of the literature. Clinical Child and Family Psychology Review, 2(1), 3–19.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Kessel, J. B., & Zimmerman, M. (1993). Reporting errors in studies of the diagnostic performance of self-administered questionnaires: Extent of the problem, recommendations for standardized presentation of results, and implications for the peer review process. Psychological Assessment, 5(4), 395–399.CrossRef Kessel, J. B., & Zimmerman, M. (1993). Reporting errors in studies of the diagnostic performance of self-administered questionnaires: Extent of the problem, recommendations for standardized presentation of results, and implications for the peer review process. Psychological Assessment, 5(4), 395–399.CrossRef
go back to reference Lahey, B. B., Miller, T. I., Gordon, R. A., & Riley, A. W. (1999). Developmental epidemiology of the disruptive behavior disorders. In H. C. Quay & A. E. Hogan (Eds.), Handbook of disruptive behavior disorders (pp. 23–48). New York: Kluwer. Lahey, B. B., Miller, T. I., Gordon, R. A., & Riley, A. W. (1999). Developmental epidemiology of the disruptive behavior disorders. In H. C. Quay & A. E. Hogan (Eds.), Handbook of disruptive behavior disorders (pp. 23–48). New York: Kluwer.
go back to reference Lahey, B. B., Pelham, W. E., Schaughnecy, E. A., Atkins, M. S., Murphy, H. A., Hynd, G., et al. (1988). Dimensions and types of attention deficit disorder. Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 27, 330–335.CrossRef Lahey, B. B., Pelham, W. E., Schaughnecy, E. A., Atkins, M. S., Murphy, H. A., Hynd, G., et al. (1988). Dimensions and types of attention deficit disorder. Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 27, 330–335.CrossRef
go back to reference Loeber, R., Green, S. M., Lahey, B. B., & Stouthamer-Loeber, M. (1989). Optimal informants on childhood disruptive behaviors. Development and Psychopathology, 1(4), 317–337.CrossRef Loeber, R., Green, S. M., Lahey, B. B., & Stouthamer-Loeber, M. (1989). Optimal informants on childhood disruptive behaviors. Development and Psychopathology, 1(4), 317–337.CrossRef
go back to reference Loney, J., & Milich, R. (1982). Hyperactivity, inattention, and aggression in clinical practice. In M. Wolraich & D. K. Routh (Eds.), Advances in developmental and behavioral pediatrics (Vol. 3, pp. 113–147). Greenwich, CT: JAI. Loney, J., & Milich, R. (1982). Hyperactivity, inattention, and aggression in clinical practice. In M. Wolraich & D. K. Routh (Eds.), Advances in developmental and behavioral pediatrics (Vol. 3, pp. 113–147). Greenwich, CT: JAI.
go back to reference McGrew, K. S., & Gilman, C. J. (1991). Measuring the perceived degree of parent empowerment in home-school relationships through a home-school survey. Journal of Psychoeducational Assessment, 9(5), 353–362.CrossRef McGrew, K. S., & Gilman, C. J. (1991). Measuring the perceived degree of parent empowerment in home-school relationships through a home-school survey. Journal of Psychoeducational Assessment, 9(5), 353–362.CrossRef
go back to reference McMahon, R. J., & Frick, P. J. (2005). Evidence-based assessment of conduct problems in children and adolescents. Journal of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology, 34(3), 477–505.PubMedCrossRef McMahon, R. J., & Frick, P. J. (2005). Evidence-based assessment of conduct problems in children and adolescents. Journal of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology, 34(3), 477–505.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Meredith, W. (1993). Measurement invariance, factor analysis and factorial invariance. Psychometrica, 58(4), 525–543.CrossRef Meredith, W. (1993). Measurement invariance, factor analysis and factorial invariance. Psychometrica, 58(4), 525–543.CrossRef
go back to reference Milich, R., Balentine, A. C., & Lynam, D. R. (2001). ADHD combined type and ADHD predominately inattentive type are distinct and unrelated disorders. Clinical Psychology: Science and Practice, 8(4), 463–468.CrossRef Milich, R., Balentine, A. C., & Lynam, D. R. (2001). ADHD combined type and ADHD predominately inattentive type are distinct and unrelated disorders. Clinical Psychology: Science and Practice, 8(4), 463–468.CrossRef
go back to reference Milich, R., & Fitzgerald, G. (1985). Validation of inattention/overactivity and aggression ratings with classroom observations. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 53(1), 139–140.PubMedCrossRef Milich, R., & Fitzgerald, G. (1985). Validation of inattention/overactivity and aggression ratings with classroom observations. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 53(1), 139–140.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Milich, R., & Landau, S. (1988). Teacher ratings of inattention/overactivity and aggression: Cross-validation with classroom observations. Journal of Clinical Child Psychology, 17(1), 92–97.CrossRef Milich, R., & Landau, S. (1988). Teacher ratings of inattention/overactivity and aggression: Cross-validation with classroom observations. Journal of Clinical Child Psychology, 17(1), 92–97.CrossRef
go back to reference Muthén, B. O., du Toit, S. H. C., & Spisic, D. (1997). Robust inference using weighted least squares and quadratic estimating equations in latent variable modeling with categorical and continuous outcomes. Unpublished manuscript, University of California Los Angeles. Muthén, B. O., du Toit, S. H. C., & Spisic, D. (1997). Robust inference using weighted least squares and quadratic estimating equations in latent variable modeling with categorical and continuous outcomes. Unpublished manuscript, University of California Los Angeles.
go back to reference Muthén, L. K., & Muthén, B. O. (2004). Mplus user’s guide (3rd ed.). Los Angeles, CA: Author. Muthén, L. K., & Muthén, B. O. (2004). Mplus user’s guide (3rd ed.). Los Angeles, CA: Author.
go back to reference NIMH-DISC Editorial Board. (1999). The National Institute of Mental Health diagnostic interview schedule for children. New York: Columbia University. NIMH-DISC Editorial Board. (1999). The National Institute of Mental Health diagnostic interview schedule for children. New York: Columbia University.
go back to reference Nolan, E. E., & Gadow, K. D. (1994). Relation between ratings and observations of stimulant drug response in hyperactive children. Journal of Clinical Child Psychology, 23(1), 78–90.CrossRef Nolan, E. E., & Gadow, K. D. (1994). Relation between ratings and observations of stimulant drug response in hyperactive children. Journal of Clinical Child Psychology, 23(1), 78–90.CrossRef
go back to reference Oosterlan, J., Sheres, A., & Sergeant, J. A. (2005). Which executive functioning deficits are associated with AD/HD, ODD/CD, and comorbid AD/HD plus ODD/CD? Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 33(1), 69–85.CrossRef Oosterlan, J., Sheres, A., & Sergeant, J. A. (2005). Which executive functioning deficits are associated with AD/HD, ODD/CD, and comorbid AD/HD plus ODD/CD? Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 33(1), 69–85.CrossRef
go back to reference Pelham, W. E., Burrows-MacLean, L., Gnagy, E. M., Fabiano, G. A., Coles, E. K., Tresco, K. E., et al. (2005a). Transdermal methylphenidate, behavioral, and combined treatment for children with ADHD. Experimental and Clinical Psychopharmacology, 13(2), 111–126.PubMedCrossRef Pelham, W. E., Burrows-MacLean, L., Gnagy, E. M., Fabiano, G. A., Coles, E. K., Tresco, K. E., et al. (2005a). Transdermal methylphenidate, behavioral, and combined treatment for children with ADHD. Experimental and Clinical Psychopharmacology, 13(2), 111–126.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Pelham, W. E., Fabiano, G. A., & Massetti, G. M. (2005b). Evidence-based assessment for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in children and adolescents. Journal of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology, 34(3), 449–476.PubMedCrossRef Pelham, W. E., Fabiano, G. A., & Massetti, G. M. (2005b). Evidence-based assessment for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in children and adolescents. Journal of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology, 34(3), 449–476.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Pelham, W. E., Gnagy, E. M., Greenslade, K. E., & Milich, R. (1992). Teacher ratings of DSM-III-R symptoms for the disruptive behavior disorders. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 31(2), 210–218.PubMedCrossRef Pelham, W. E., Gnagy, E. M., Greenslade, K. E., & Milich, R. (1992). Teacher ratings of DSM-III-R symptoms for the disruptive behavior disorders. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 31(2), 210–218.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Pelham, W. E., Milich, R., Murphy, D. A., & Murphy, H. A. (1989). Normative data on the IOWA Conners teacher rating scale. Journal of Clinical Child Psychology, 18, 259–262.CrossRef Pelham, W. E., Milich, R., Murphy, D. A., & Murphy, H. A. (1989). Normative data on the IOWA Conners teacher rating scale. Journal of Clinical Child Psychology, 18, 259–262.CrossRef
go back to reference Pillow, D. R., Pelham, W. E., Hoza, B., Molina, B. S. G., & Stultz, C. H. (1998). Confirmatory factor analyses examining attention deficit hyperactivity disorder symptoms and other childhood disruptive behaviors. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 26(4), 293–309.PubMedCrossRef Pillow, D. R., Pelham, W. E., Hoza, B., Molina, B. S. G., & Stultz, C. H. (1998). Confirmatory factor analyses examining attention deficit hyperactivity disorder symptoms and other childhood disruptive behaviors. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 26(4), 293–309.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Quay, H. C., & Hogan, A. E. (Eds.). (1999). Handbook of disruptive behavior disorders. New York: Kluwer. Quay, H. C., & Hogan, A. E. (Eds.). (1999). Handbook of disruptive behavior disorders. New York: Kluwer.
go back to reference Remschmidt, H., Hoare, P., Ettrick, C., Rothenberger, A., Santosh, P., Schmidt, M., et al. (2005). Symptom control in children and adolescents with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder on switching from immediate-release MPH to OROS (r) MPH—Results of a 3-week open-label study. European Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 14(6), 297–304.PubMedCrossRef Remschmidt, H., Hoare, P., Ettrick, C., Rothenberger, A., Santosh, P., Schmidt, M., et al. (2005). Symptom control in children and adolescents with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder on switching from immediate-release MPH to OROS (r) MPH—Results of a 3-week open-label study. European Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 14(6), 297–304.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Satorra, A., & Bentler, P. M. (1999). A scaled difference chi-square test statistic for moment structure analysis. Los Angeles: UCLA Statistics Series (paper # 260). Satorra, A., & Bentler, P. M. (1999). A scaled difference chi-square test statistic for moment structure analysis. Los Angeles: UCLA Statistics Series (paper # 260).
go back to reference Waschbusch, D. A. (2002). A meta-analytic examination of comorbid hyperactive/impulsive/inattention problems and conduct problems. Psychological Bulletin, 128, 118–150.PubMedCrossRef Waschbusch, D. A. (2002). A meta-analytic examination of comorbid hyperactive/impulsive/inattention problems and conduct problems. Psychological Bulletin, 128, 118–150.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Waschbusch, D. A., King, S., Gregus, A., & Northern Partners In Action for Children and Youth. (2007). Age of onset of ADHD in a sample of elementary school students. Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assessment, 27, 9–16.CrossRef Waschbusch, D. A., King, S., Gregus, A., & Northern Partners In Action for Children and Youth. (2007). Age of onset of ADHD in a sample of elementary school students. Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assessment, 27, 9–16.CrossRef
go back to reference Waschbusch, D. A., King, S., & Northern Partners In Action for Children and Youth. (2006). Should sex-specific norms be used to assess attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) or oppositional defiant disorder (ODD)? Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 74(1), 179–185.PubMedCrossRef Waschbusch, D. A., King, S., & Northern Partners In Action for Children and Youth. (2006). Should sex-specific norms be used to assess attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) or oppositional defiant disorder (ODD)? Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 74(1), 179–185.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Waschbusch, D. A., Pelham, W. E., Massetti, G. M., & Northern Partners In Action for Children and Youth. (2005). The Behavior Education Support and Treatment (BEST) school intervention program: Pilot project data examining school-wide, targeted-school, and targeted-home approaches. Journal of Attention Disorders, 9(1), 313–322.PubMedCrossRef Waschbusch, D. A., Pelham, W. E., Massetti, G. M., & Northern Partners In Action for Children and Youth. (2005). The Behavior Education Support and Treatment (BEST) school intervention program: Pilot project data examining school-wide, targeted-school, and targeted-home approaches. Journal of Attention Disorders, 9(1), 313–322.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Waschbusch, D. A., Sparkes, S. J., & Northern Region Partners In Action for Children and Youth. (2003). Rating scale assessment of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) symptoms: Is there a normal distribution and does it matter? Journal of Psychoeducational Assessment, 21(3), 261–281.CrossRef Waschbusch, D. A., Sparkes, S. J., & Northern Region Partners In Action for Children and Youth. (2003). Rating scale assessment of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) symptoms: Is there a normal distribution and does it matter? Journal of Psychoeducational Assessment, 21(3), 261–281.CrossRef
go back to reference Wolraich, M. L., Lambert, E. W., Bickman, L., Simmons, T., Doffing, M. A., & Worley, K. A. (2004). Assessing the impact of parent and teacher agreement on diagnosing attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics, 25(1), 41–47.CrossRef Wolraich, M. L., Lambert, E. W., Bickman, L., Simmons, T., Doffing, M. A., & Worley, K. A. (2004). Assessing the impact of parent and teacher agreement on diagnosing attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics, 25(1), 41–47.CrossRef
go back to reference Yu, C.-Y. (2003). Evaluating cutoff criteria of model fit indices for latent variables with binary and continuous outcomes. UCLA, Los Angeles. Yu, C.-Y. (2003). Evaluating cutoff criteria of model fit indices for latent variables with binary and continuous outcomes. UCLA, Los Angeles.
Metagegevens
Titel
Parent and Teacher Ratings on the IOWA Conners Rating Scale
Auteurs
Daniel A. Waschbusch
Michael T. Willoughby
Publicatiedatum
01-09-2008
Uitgeverij
Springer US
Gepubliceerd in
Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assessment / Uitgave 3/2008
Print ISSN: 0882-2689
Elektronisch ISSN: 1573-3505
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10862-007-9064-y

Andere artikelen Uitgave 3/2008

Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assessment 3/2008 Naar de uitgave