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Gepubliceerd in: Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders 10/2015

02-06-2015 | Brief Report

Brief Report: Generalization Weaknesses in Verbally Fluent Children and Adolescents with Autism Spectrum Disorder

Auteurs: Ashley B. de Marchena, Inge-Marie Eigsti, Benjamin E. Yerys

Gepubliceerd in: Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders | Uitgave 10/2015

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Abstract

Individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) have difficulty generalizing—i.e., relating new stimuli to past experiences. Few experimental studies have addressed this weakness, despite its impact on intervention effects. In a reanalysis of data (de Marchena et al. Cognition 119(1):96–113, 2011), we tested a novel form of generalization—the ability to transfer a strategy used in one context to a similar context—in verbally fluent youth with ASD and matched typically developing controls. Participants with ASD were subtly less likely to learn from experience; their generalizations were less consistent. Generalization in ASD correlated with receptive vocabulary but not age, suggesting a link to language development. A richer understanding of how to promote generalization in ASD will advance both theory and practice.
Voetnoten
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Perhaps surprisingly, the literature suggests that if participants in the current study had received feedback on the initial label condition, this may not have changed performance on the second (fact) condition, at least in the ASD group. Children with ASD use mutual exclusivity to the same extent as TD children when making initial object-word mappings; however, feedback does not improve long-term retention of these mappings in ASD, as it does in TD (Bedford et al. 2013). Similarly, receiving feedback on the use of exclusivity during the label condition may have increased the likelihood that TD children would generalize to the fact condition, while having little effect on performance in ASD.
 
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Metagegevens
Titel
Brief Report: Generalization Weaknesses in Verbally Fluent Children and Adolescents with Autism Spectrum Disorder
Auteurs
Ashley B. de Marchena
Inge-Marie Eigsti
Benjamin E. Yerys
Publicatiedatum
02-06-2015
Uitgeverij
Springer US
Gepubliceerd in
Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders / Uitgave 10/2015
Print ISSN: 0162-3257
Elektronisch ISSN: 1573-3432
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-015-2478-6

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