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Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders

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01-04-2015 | Original Paper

Use of Emotional Cues for Lexical Learning: A Comparison of Autism Spectrum Disorder and Fragile X Syndrome

Auteurs: Angela John Thurman, Andrea McDuffie, Sara T. Kover, Randi Hagerman, Marie Moore Channell, Ann Mastergeorge, Leonard Abbeduto

Gepubliceerd in: Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders | Uitgave 4/2015

Abstract

The present study evaluated the ability of males with fragile X syndrome (FXS), nonsyndromic autism spectrum disorder (ASD), or typical development to learn new words by using as a cue to the intended referent an emotional reaction indicating a successful (excitement) or unsuccessful (disappointment) search for a novel object. Performance for all groups exceeded chance-levels in both search conditions. In the Successful Search condition, participants with nonsyndromic ASD performed similarly to participants with FXS after controlling for severity of ASD. In the Unsuccessful Search condition, participants with FXS performed significantly worse than participants with nonsyndromic ASD, after controlling for severity of ASD. Predictors of performance in both search conditions differed between the three groups. Theoretical and clinical implications are discussed.

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Subsets of participants with FXS and with nonsyndromic ASD were created utilizing the same matching procedures described in the Method section to create a samples of participants with FXS and participants with nonsyndromic ASD matched on nonverbal cognitive ability, utilizing only the participants with FXS who met study criteria for a comorbid diagnosis of ASD (previously described). The same pattern of findings was obtained. When initially compared, performance at the group level was significantly better for participants with FXS + ASD than for participants with nonsyndromic ASD on Successful Search performance (U = 137.00, z = 2.538, p = .011, r = .38). However, there was no significant difference between the groups after controlling for autism symptom severity (F(2,54) = 2.92, p = .09).

The same pattern of findings was obtained when comparing participants with FXS + ASD to participants with nonsyndromic ASD matched on nonverbal cognitive ability. When initially compared, no between-group differences on Unsuccessful Search performance were observed (U = 296.50, z = 1.33, p = .19, r = .20); however, after controlling for autism symptom severity, participants with nonsyndromic ASD performed significantly better than participants with FXS + ASD (F(2,54) = 7.39, p = .008).

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Titel: Use of Emotional Cues for Lexical Learning: A Comparison of Autism Spectrum Disorder and Fragile X Syndrome
Auteurs: Angela John Thurman
Andrea McDuffie
Sara T. Kover
Randi Hagerman
Marie Moore Channell
Ann Mastergeorge
Leonard Abbeduto
Publicatiedatum: 01-04-2015
Uitgeverij: Springer US
Gepubliceerd in: Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders / Uitgave 4/2015
Print ISSN: 0162-3257
Elektronisch ISSN: 1573-3432
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-014-2260-1

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