Top

Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders

Gepubliceerd in:

01-07-2006 | Original Paper

Introducing MASC: A Movie for the Assessment of Social Cognition

Auteurs: Isabel Dziobek, Stefan Fleck, Elke Kalbe, Kimberley Rogers, Jason Hassenstab, Matthias Brand, Josef Kessler, Jan K. Woike, Oliver T. Wolf, Antonio Convit

Gepubliceerd in: Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders | Uitgave 5/2006

Abstract

In the present study we introduce a sensitive video-based test for the evaluation of subtle mindreading difficulties: the Movie for the Assessment of Social Cognition (MASC). This new mindreading tool involves watching a short film and answering questions referring to the actors’ mental states. A group of adults with Asperger syndrome (n = 19) and well-matched control subjects (n = 20) were administered the MASC and three other mindreading tools as part of a broader neuropsychological testing session. Compared to control subjects, Asperger individuals exhibited marked and selective difficulties in social cognition. A Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) analysis for the mindreading tests identified the MASC as discriminating the diagnostic groups most accurately. Issues pertaining to the multidimensionality of the social cognition construct are discussed.

vorige artikel Motor Signs Distinguish Children with High Functioning Autism and Asperger’s Syndrome from Controls

volgende artikel Using Carey Temperament Scales to Assess Behavioral Style in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders

Alleen toegankelijk voor geautoriseerde gebruikers

American Psychiatric Association. (1994). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (4th ed.). Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Association.

Asperger, H. (1944). Die “Autistischen Psychopathen” im Kindesalter. Archiv fur Psychiatrie und Nervenkrankheiten, 117, 76–136.CrossRef

Baron-Cohen, S. (1992). Out of sight or out of mind? Another look at deception in autism. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, and Allied Disciplines, 33, 1141–1155.PubMedCrossRef

Baron-Cohen, S. (1995). Mindblindness: An essay on autism and theory of mind. Cambridge, Massachusetts: MIT Press.

Baron-Cohen, S., Jolliffe, T., Mortimore, C., & Robertson, M. (1997). Another advanced test of theory of mind: Evidence from very high functioning adults with autism or asperger syndrome. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 38, 813–822.PubMedCrossRef

Baron-Cohen, S., Leslie, A. M., & Frith, U. (1985). Does the autistic child have a “theory of mind?”. Cognition, 21, 37–46.PubMedCrossRef

Baron-Cohen, S., O’Riordan, M., Stone, V., Jones, R., & Plaisted, K. (1999). Recognition of faux pas by normally developing children and children with Asperger syndrome or high-functioning autism. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 29, 407–418.PubMedCrossRef

Baron-Cohen, S., Wheelwright, S., Hill, J., Raste, Y., & Plumb, I. (2001). The “Reading the Mind in the Eyes” Test revised version: A study with normal adults, and adults with Asperger syndrome or high-functioning autism. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, and Allied Disciplines, 42, 241–251.CrossRef

Baron-Cohen, S., Wheelwright, S., & Jolliffe, T. (1997). Is there a “language of the eyes”? Evidence from normal adults, and adults with autism or Asperger syndrome. Visual Cognition, 4, 311–331.CrossRef

Baron-Cohen, S., Wheelwright, S., Skinner, R., Martin, J., & Clubley, E. (2001). The autism-spectrum quotient (AQ): Evidence from Asperger Syndrome/High-Functioning Autism, males and females, scientists and mathematicians. Journal of Autism and Development Disorders, 31, 5–17.CrossRef

Bowler, D. M. (1992). “Theory of mind” in Asperger’s syndrome. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, and Allied Disciplines, 33, 877–893.PubMedCrossRef

Brothers, L. (1990). The social brain: A project for integrating primate behavior and neurophysiology in a new domain. Concepts in Neuroscience, 1, 27–51.

Dyck, M. J., Ferguson, K., & Shochet, I. M. (2001). Do autism spectrum disorders differ from each other and from non-spectrum disorders on emotion recognition tests? European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 10, 105–116.CrossRef

Ekman, P. (1999). Basic Emotions. In T. Dalgleish & M. Power (Eds.), Handbook of cognition and emotion. Sussex, UK: John Wiley & Sons.

Ekman, P., & Friesen, W. (1971). Constants across cultures in the face and emotion. Journal of Personality and Social Personality, 17, 124–129.CrossRef

Field, S., Meyer, A., & Witte, G. (2001). Drehbuchschreiben für Fersehen und Film. München: Ullstein Verlag.

Fleck, S., Dziobek, I., Rogers, K., Kalbe, E., Kessler, J., Mielke, R., Daum, I., Wolf, O. T., & Convit, A. (in preparation). MASC-MC. The Movie for the Assessment of Social Cognition in a new multiple choice answer format: A study with adults with Asperger syndrome.

Frith, U., & Happé, F. (1994). Autism: Beyond “theory of mind”. Cognition, 50, 115–132.PubMedCrossRef

Grossman, J. B., Klin, A., Carter, A. S., & Volkmar F. R. (2000). Verbal bias in recognition of facial emotions in children with Asperger syndrome. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, and Allied Disciplines, 41, 369–379.PubMedCrossRef

Happé, F. (1993). Communicative competence and theory of mind in autism: A test of relevance theory. Cognition, 48, 101–119.PubMedCrossRef

Happé, F. (1994). An advanced test of theory of mind: Understanding of story characters’ thoughts and feelings by able autistic, mentally handicapped, and normal children and adults. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 24, 129–154.PubMedCrossRef

Happé, F., Winner, E., & Brownell, H. (1998). The getting of wisdom: Theory of mind in old age. Developmental Psychology, 34, 358–362.PubMedCrossRef

Heavey, L., Phillips, W., Baron-Cohen, S., & Rutter, M. (2000). The Awkward Moments Test: A naturalistic measure of social understanding in autism. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 30, 225–236.PubMedCrossRef

Hobson, R. P., Ouston, J., & Lee, A. (1988). What’s in a face? The case of autism. The British Journal Of Psychology, 79(Pt 4), 441–453.

Horn, W. (1962). Leistungsprüfsystem: LPS. Göttingen: Hogrefe.

Howlin, P. (2003). Outcome in high-functioning adults with autism with and without early language delays: Implications for the differentiation between autism and Asperger syndrome. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 33, 3–13.PubMedCrossRef

Hughes, C., Russell, J., & Robbins, T. W. (1994). Evidence for executive dysfunction in autism. Neuropsychologia, 32, 477–492.PubMedCrossRef

Jolliffe, T., & Baron-Cohen, S. (1999). The Strange Stories Test: A replication with high-functioning adults with autism or Asperger syndrome. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 29, 395–406.PubMedCrossRef

Kaland, N., Moller-Nielsen, A., Callesen, K., Mortensen, E. L., Gottlieb, D., & Smith, L. (2002). A new ‘advanced’ test of theory of mind: Evidence from children and adolescents with Asperger syndrome. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, and Allied Disciplines, 43, 517–528.PubMedCrossRef

Kalbe, E., Fleck, S., Brand, M., Dziobek, I., Ruhrmann, S., & Kessler, J. (in preparation). “Too much ToM” in schizophrenic patients? Or: The necessity to differentiate the concept of Theory of Mind (ToM) and its disturbances.

Kalbe, E., Brand, M., Fleck, S., & Kessler, J. (2002). A differentiation of the construct of Theory of Mind: Theoretical considerations, corresponding tests, and preliminary data [Zur Fraktionierung des ToM-Konstrukts: theoretische Ueberlegungen, Testverfahren und erste Ergebnisse]. In M. Baumann, A. Keinath & J. F. Krems (Eds.), Experimentelle Psychologie. Abstracts der 44. Tagung experimentell arbeitender Psychologen. Regensburg: S. Roderer Verlag.

Kleinman, J., Marciano, P. L., & Ault, R. L. (2001). Advanced theory of mind in high-functioning adults with autism. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 31, 29–36.PubMedCrossRef

Klin, A., & Volkmar, F. R. (1997). Asperger Syndrome. In D. J. Cohen & F. R. Volkmar (Eds.), Handbook of autism and pervasive developmental disorders (pp. 94–122). New York: John Wiley & Sons.

Lord, C., Rutter, M., & Le Couteur, A. (1994). Autism diagnostic interview-revised: A revised version of a diagnostic interview for caregivers of individuals with possible pevasive developmental disorders. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 24, 659–685.PubMedCrossRef

Loveland, K., Tunali-Kotoski, B., Chen, R., Brelsford, K., & Ortegon, J. (1995). Intermodal perception of affect by persons with autism or Down syndrome. Development and Psychopathology, 7, 409–418.CrossRef

Macdonald, H., Rutter, M., Howlin, P., Rios, P., Le Conteur, A., Evered, C., & Folstein, S. (1989). Recognition and expression of emotional cues by autistic and normal adults. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, and Allied Disciplines, 30, 865–877.PubMedCrossRef

Njiokiktjien, C., Verschoor, A., de Sonneville, L., Huyser, C., Op het Veld, V., & Toorenaar, N. (2001). Disordered recognition of facial identity and emotions in three Asperger type autists. European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 10, 79–90.CrossRef

Nunnally, J. C. (1978). Psychometric theory. New York: McGraw-Hill.

Ozonoff, S., Rogers, S. J., & Pennington, B. F. (1991). Asperger’s syndrome: Evidence of an empirical distinction from high-functioning autism. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, and Allied Disciplines, 32, 1107–1122.PubMedCrossRef

Pelphrey, K. A., Sasson, N. J., Reznick, J. S., Paul, G., Goldman, B. D., & Piven, J. (2002). Visual scanning of faces in autism. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 32, 249–261.PubMedCrossRef

Pilowsky, T., Yirmiya, N., Arbelle, S., & Mozes, T. (2000). Theory of mind abilities of children with schizophrenia, children with autism, and normally developing children. Schizophrenia Research, 42, 145–155.PubMedCrossRef

Prado, W. M., & Taub, D. V. (1966). Accurate predication of individual intellectual functioning by the Shipley-Hartford. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 22, 294–296.PubMedCrossRef

Prior, M., Dahlstrom, B., & Squires, T. L. (1990). Autistic children’s knowledge of thinking and feeling states in other people. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, and Allied Disciplines, 31, 587–601.PubMedCrossRef

Reed, T., & Peterson, C. (1990). A comparative study of autistic subjects’ performance at two levels of visual and cognitive perspective taking. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 20, 555–567.PubMedCrossRef

Reitan, R. M., & Wolfson, D. (1993). The Halstead Reitan Neuropsychological Test Battery: Theory and clinical interpretation. Tuscon, AZ: Neuropsychology Press.

Roeyers, H., Buysse, A., Ponnet, K., & Pichal, B. (2001). Advancing advanced mind-reading tests: Empathic accuracy in adults with a pervasive developmental disorder. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, and Allied Disciplines, 42, 271–278.PubMedCrossRef

Rutherford, M. D., Baron-Cohen, S., & Wheelwright, S. (2002). Reading the mind in the voice: A study with normal adults and adults with Asperger syndrome and high functioning autism. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 32, 189–194.PubMedCrossRef

Scott, D. W. (1985). Asperger’s syndrome and non-verbal communication: A pilot study. Psychological Medicine, 15, 683–687.PubMedCrossRef

Stroop, J. R. (1935). Studies of interference in serial verbal reactions. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory and Cognition, 18, 643–662.

Teunisse, J. P., & de Gelder, B. (2003). Face processing in adolescents with autistic disorder: The inversion and composite effects. Brain and Cognition, 52, 285–294.PubMedCrossRef

Volkmar, F. R., Klin, A., Schultz, R. T., Rubin, E., & Bronen, R. (2000). Asperger’s disorder. The American Journal of Psychiatry, 157, 262–267.PubMedCrossRef

Wechsler, D. (1955). Wechsler adult intelligence scale. New York: Psychological Corporation.

Wechsler, D. (1987). Wechsler memory scale-revised. San Antonio: Psychological Corporation/Harcourt Brace Javanovich.

Wimmer, H., & Perner, J. (1983). Beliefs about beliefs: Representation and constraining function of wrong beliefs in young children’s understanding of deception. Cognition, 13, 103–128.PubMedCrossRef

Wing, L. (1997). Syndromes of autism and atypical development. In D. J. Cohen & F. R. Volkmar (Eds.), Handbook of autism and pervasive developmental disorders (pp. 148–170). New York: John Wiley.

Zachary, R. A., Paulson, M. J., & Gorsuch, R. L. (1985). Estimating WAIS IQ from the Shipley Institute of Living Scale using continuously adjusted age norms. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 41, 820–831.PubMedCrossRef

Titel: Introducing MASC: A Movie for the Assessment of Social Cognition
Auteurs: Isabel Dziobek
Stefan Fleck
Elke Kalbe
Kimberley Rogers
Jason Hassenstab
Matthias Brand
Josef Kessler
Jan K. Woike
Oliver T. Wolf
Antonio Convit
Publicatiedatum: 01-07-2006
Uitgeverij: Springer US
Gepubliceerd in: Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders / Uitgave 5/2006
Print ISSN: 0162-3257
Elektronisch ISSN: 1573-3432
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-006-0107-0

Bohn Stafleu van Loghum

Deel dit onderdeel of sectie (kopieer de link)

Abstract

Log in om toegang te krijgen

Andere artikelen Uitgave 5/2006

Using Carey Temperament Scales to Assess Behavioral Style in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders

Abnormal Selective Attention Normalizes P3 Amplitudes in PDD

Motor Signs Distinguish Children with High Functioning Autism and Asperger’s Syndrome from Controls

A Case of Partial Trisomy of Chromosome 8p Associated with Autism

The Impact of Child Symptom Severity on Depressed Mood Among Parents of Children with ASD: The Mediating Role of Stress Proliferation

Sleep Patterns of School-Age Children with Asperger Syndrome or High-Functioning Autism