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Research on Child and Adolescent Psychopathology

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01-08-2008

The Effects of Incentives on Visual–Spatial Working Memory in Children with Attention-deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder

Auteurs: Keri Shiels, Larry W. Hawk Jr., Cynthia L. Lysczek, Rosemary Tannock, William E. Pelham Jr., Sarah V. Spencer, Brian P. Gangloff, Daniel A. Waschbusch

Gepubliceerd in: Research on Child and Adolescent Psychopathology | Uitgave 6/2008

Abstract

Working memory is one of several putative core neurocognitive processes in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). The present work seeks to determine whether visual–spatial working memory is sensitive to motivational incentives, a laboratory analogue of behavioral treatment. Participants were 21 children (ages 7–10) with a diagnosis of ADHD-combined type. Participants completed a computerized spatial span task designed to assess storage of visual–spatial information (forward span) and manipulation of the stored information (backward span). The spatial span task was completed twice on the same day, once with a performance-based incentive (trial-wise feedback and points redeemable for prizes) and once without incentives. Participants performed significantly better on the backward span when rewarded for correct responses, compared to the no incentive condition. However, incentives had no effect on performance during the forward span. These findings may suggest the use of motivational incentives improved manipulation, but not storage, of visual–spatial information among children with ADHD. Possible explanations for the differential incentive effects are discussed, including the possibility that incentives prevented a vigilance decrement as task difficulty and time on task increased.

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Titel: The Effects of Incentives on Visual–Spatial Working Memory in Children with Attention-deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder
Auteurs: Keri Shiels
Larry W. Hawk Jr.
Cynthia L. Lysczek
Rosemary Tannock
William E. Pelham Jr.
Sarah V. Spencer
Brian P. Gangloff
Daniel A. Waschbusch
Publicatiedatum: 01-08-2008
Uitgeverij: Springer US
Gepubliceerd in: Research on Child and Adolescent Psychopathology / Uitgave 6/2008
Print ISSN: 2730-7166
Elektronisch ISSN: 2730-7174
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10802-008-9221-0

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