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Research on Child and Adolescent Psychopathology

Gepubliceerd in:

01-08-2008

Working Memory Deficits in Boys with Attention-deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD): The Contribution of Central Executive and Subsystem Processes

Auteurs: Mark D. Rapport, R. Matt Alderson, Michael J. Kofler, Dustin E. Sarver, Jennifer Bolden, Valerie Sims

Gepubliceerd in: Research on Child and Adolescent Psychopathology | Uitgave 6/2008

Abstract

The current study investigated contradictory findings from recent experimental and meta-analytic studies concerning working memory deficits in ADHD. Working memory refers to the cognitive ability to temporarily store and mentally manipulate limited amounts of information for use in guiding behavior. Phonological (verbal) and visuospatial (nonverbal) working memory were assessed across four memory load conditions in 23 boys (12 ADHD, 11 typically developing) using tasks based on Baddeley’s (Working memory, thought, and action, Oxford University Press, New York, 2007) working memory model. The model posits separate phonological and visuospatial storage and rehearsal components that are controlled by a single attentional controller (CE: central executive). A latent variable approach was used to partial task performance related to three variables of interest: phonological buffer/rehearsal loop, visuospatial buffer/rehearsal loop, and the CE attentional controller. ADHD-related working memory deficits were apparent across all three cognitive systems—with the largest magnitude of deficits apparent in the CE—even after controlling for reading speed, nonverbal visual encoding, age, IQ, and SES.

vorige artikel Is Parental Knowledge of their Adolescent Offspring’s Whereabouts and Peer Associations Spuriously Associated with Offspring Delinquency?

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We acknowledge that some reliable, shared variance may be related to non-central executive shared method factors, as experimental conditions between our two tasks were as identical as possible by design. Based on the converging evidence above, however, we believe that a latent approach to isolating WM components provides a more valid estimate of component processes than the use of any single task.

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Titel: Working Memory Deficits in Boys with Attention-deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD): The Contribution of Central Executive and Subsystem Processes
Auteurs: Mark D. Rapport
R. Matt Alderson
Michael J. Kofler
Dustin E. Sarver
Jennifer Bolden
Valerie Sims
Publicatiedatum: 01-08-2008
Uitgeverij: Springer US
Gepubliceerd in: Research on Child and Adolescent Psychopathology / Uitgave 6/2008
Print ISSN: 2730-7166
Elektronisch ISSN: 2730-7174
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10802-008-9215-y

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