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Can self-esteem, mastery and perceived stigma predict long-term adjustment in women carrying a BRCA1/2-mutation? Evidence from a multi-center study

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Abstract

Little is known about protective and vulnerability factors of long-term adjustment with BRCA1/2 carrier status. Specifically, the role of personal resources and perceptions of stigmatization have not been studied in the context of adjustment with hereditary breast cancer. The present study, therefore, explored associations of personal resources and stigma with cancer-specific anxiety in female BRCA1/2-carriers within a cross-sectional multi-center study. Participants (n = 237) had received carrier notification between 4 months and 8 years before data collection and experienced a low level of cancer-related anxiety on average. Younger age was associated with both higher perceptions of stigma (P = .002) and cancer-specific anxiety (P = .034). Time since receiving test results, affected status, having undergone prophylactic mastectomy or prophylactic oophorectomy was not associated with demographic or psychological variables. Global self-esteem (P = .002) and mastery (P < .001) were associated with fewer intrusive and avoidant thoughts, whereas stigma was associated with more (P < .001). Time since test result receipt did not moderate relations of self-esteem, mastery or stigma and cancer-specific anxiety. Cancer-specific anxiety did not vary as a function of time since carrier notification. Hence cancer-specific distress may be explained by past and ongoing experiences of cancer in the family rather than by the time point of carrier notification. Psychological interventions may benefit from specifically addressing feelings of stigmatization, and promoting self-worth and personal control in order to affect cancer-specific anxiety.

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Acknowledgments

Supported by grants from the Medical Research Council of Canada (MCC; #GX-15615) and the Ontario Cancer Genetics Network (OCGN).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Psychology, University of British Columbia, 2136 West Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z4, Canada

    Andrea Vodermaier

  2. Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology-Grosshadern, University of Munich, Marchioninistr. 15, Munich, 81377, Germany

    Andrea Vodermaier

  3. Behavioural Sciences and Health, Toronto General Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada

    Mary Jane Esplen & Christine Maheu

  4. Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada

    Mary Jane Esplen

  5. School of Nursing, York University, Toronto, ON, Canada

    Christine Maheu

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  1. Andrea Vodermaier
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  2. Mary Jane Esplen
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  3. Christine Maheu
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Correspondence to Andrea Vodermaier.

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Vodermaier, A., Esplen, M.J. & Maheu, C. Can self-esteem, mastery and perceived stigma predict long-term adjustment in women carrying a BRCA1/2-mutation? Evidence from a multi-center study. Familial Cancer 9, 305–311 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10689-010-9325-x

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10689-010-9325-x

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