Abstract
The relationship between spatial and mathematical ability is controversial. Thus, the current study conducted a meta-analysis of 73 studies, with 263 effect sizes to explore the relationship between spatial and mathematical ability. Furthermore, we explored potential factors that moderate this relationship. Results showed that the relationship between mathematical and spatial ability was not simply linear. Specifically, logical reasoning had a stronger association with spatial ability than numerical or arithmetic ability with spatial ability. Intrinsic-dynamic, intrinsic-static, extrinsic-dynamic, extrinsic-static spatial ability, and visual–spatial memory showed comparable associations with mathematical ability. The association between spatial and mathematical ability showed no differences between children, adolescents, and adults and no differences between typically developing individuals and individuals with developmental disabilities. The implications of these findings for theory and practice are discussed.
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Acknowledgments
We would like to thank Peng Peng and Yang Yingkai for their help on data analysis, and we are grateful to all researchers who provide additional data information about their studies on request.
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This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31871120).
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Xie, F., Zhang, L., Chen, X. et al. Is Spatial Ability Related to Mathematical Ability: a Meta-analysis. Educ Psychol Rev 32, 113–155 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10648-019-09496-y
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10648-019-09496-y