Abstract
Mindfulness-based psychotherapies are increasingly found in the evidence-based practice realm of clinical social work. This paper provides an understanding of the concept of mindfulness as well as the research into the neurological and behavioral benefits of mindfulness skills training. Mindfulness skills training is explored as both the foundation of specific therapy protocols and as a method to foster clinician attention, affect regulation, attunement and empathy. Clinical case examples are provided to demonstrate the impact of mindfulness skills training on both clients and on the helping relationship.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Applegate, J. S. (2000). Theory as story: a postmodern tale. Clinical Social Work Journal, 28, 141–153. doi:10.1023/A:1005150116734.
Applegate, J. S., & Bonovitz, J. M. (1995). The facilitating partnership: A Winnicottian approach for social workers and other helping professionals. Northvale: Jason Aronson.
Applegate, J. S., & Shapiro, J. R. (2005). Neurobiology for clinical social work: Theory and practice. New York: Norton.
Bach, P., & Hayes, S. (2002). The use of acceptance and commitment therapy to prevent the rehospitalization of psychotic patients: A randomized controlled trial. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 70(5), 1129–1139.
Baer, R. (2003). Mindfulness training as clinical intervention: a conceptual and empirical review. Clinical Psychology: Science and Practice, 10, 125–142. doi:10.1093/clipsy/bpg015.
Bennett, C. S., & Nelson, J. K. (2008). Closing thoughts: special issue on attachment. Clinical Social Work Journal, 36, 109–111. doi:10.1007/s10615-007-0113-5.
Berceli, D., & Napoli, M. (2006). A proposal for a mindfulness-based trauma prevention program for social work professionals. Complementary Health Practice Review, 11(3), 153–165. doi:10.1177/1533210106297989.
Bishop, S. R., Lau, M., Shapiro, S., Carlson, L., Anderson, N. D., Carmody, J., et al. (2004). Mindfulness: a proposed operational definition. Clinical Psychology: Science and Practice, 11, 230–241. doi:10.1093/clipsy/bph077.
Brenner, C. (2000). Brief communication: evenly hovering attention. The Psychoanalytic Quarterly, 69, 545–549.
Brenner, M. J., & Homonoff, E. (2004). Zen and clinical social work: a spiritual approach to practice. Families in Society: The Journal of Contemporary Social Services, 85, 261–269.
Brown, K. W., & Ryan, R. M. (2003). The benefits of being present: mindfulness and its role in psychological well-being. Clinical Psychology: Science and Practice, 11, 230–241.
Chodron, P. (1994). Start where you are: A guide to comapssionate living. Boston: Shambala.
Cozolino, L. J. (2002). The neuroscience of psychotherapy: Building and rebuilding the human brain. New York: Norton.
Davidson, R. J., Kabat-Zinn, J., Schumacher, J., Rosenkranz, M., Muller, D., Santorelli, S., et al. (2003). Alterations in brain and immune function produced by mindfulness meditation. Psychosomatic Medicine, 65, 565–570. doi:10.1097/01.PSY.0000077505.67574.E3.
Dimidijian, S., & Linehan, M. (2003). Defining an agenda for future research on the clinical application of mindfulness practice. Clinical Psychology: Science and Practice, 10, 166–171. doi:10.1093/clipsy/bpg019.
Etezady, M. H. (2007). Relatedness and listening. In S. Akhtar (Ed.), Listening to others: Developmental and clinical aspects of empathy and attunement (pp. 130–145). New York: Jason Aronson.
Fonagy, P. (2001). Attachment theory and psychoanalysis. New York: Other Press.
Fulton, P. R. (2005). Mindfulness as clinical training. In C. K. Germer, R. D. Siegel & P. R. Fulton (Eds.), Mindfulness and psychotherapy (pp. 55–72). New York: Guilford.
Germer, C. K. (2005). Teaching mindfulness in therapy. In C. K. Germer, R. D. Siegel & P. R. Fulton (Eds.), Mindfulness and psychotherapy (pp. 55–73). New York: Guilford.
Goleman, D., & Schwartz, G. (1976). Meditation as an intervention in stress reactivity. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 44(3), 456–466. doi:10.1037/0022-006X.44.3.456.
Hayes, S. C., Strosahl, K. D., & Wilson, K. G. (1999). Acceptance and commitment therapy: An experiential approach to behavior change. New York: Guilford.
Ivanovski, B., & Malhi, G. S. (2007). The psychological and neuropsychological concomitants of mindfulness forms of meditation. Acta Neuropsychiatrica, 19(2), 76–91. doi:10.1111/j.1601-5215.2007.00175.x.
James, W. (1890/1981). The principles of psychology. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.
Jha, A. P., Krompinger, J., & Baime, M. (2007). Mindfulness training modifies subsystems of attention. Cognitive Affective & Behavioral Neuroscience, 7(2), 109–119.
Kabat-Zinn, J. (1990). Full catastrophe living: Using the wisdom of your body and mind to face stress, pain and illness. New York: Dell.
Kabat-Zinn, J. (1994). Mindfulness meditation for everyday life. New York: Hyperion.
Keefe, T. (1996). Meditation and social work treatment. In F. J. Turner (Ed.), Social work treatment (pp. 434–461). New York: Free Press.
Lazar, S. W. (2005). Mindfulness research. In C. K. Germer, R. D. Siegel & P. R. Fulton (Eds.), Mindfulness and psychotherapy (pp. 220–240). New York: Guilford.
Linehan, M. M. (1993). Skills training manual for treating borderline personality disorder. New York: Guilford.
Lutz, A., Dunne, J., & Davidson, R. J. (2007). Meditation and the neuroscience of consciousness: An introduction. In P. D. Zelazl, M. M. Moscovitch & E. Thompson (Eds.), Cambridge handbook of consciousness (pp. 449–551). New York: Cambridge University Press.
Lynch, T. R., Morse, J., Mendelson, T., & Robins, C. (2003). Dialectical behavior therapy for depressed older adults: a randomized pilot study. American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 11, 33–45.
Mackey, R. A. (2007). Toward an integration of ideas about the self for the practice of clinical social work. Clinical Social Work Journal, 36, 225–234. doi:10.1007/s10615-007-0126-0.
Miller, A. L., Rathus, J. H., & Linehan, M. M. (2007). Dialectical behavior therapy with suicidal adolescents. New York: Guilford.
Morgan, W. D., & Morgan, S. T. (2005). Cultivating attention and empathy. In C. K. Germer, R. D. Siegel & P. R. Fulton (Eds.), Mindfulness and psychotherapy (pp. 73–90). New York: Guilford.
National Association of Social Workers. (1999). Code of ethics of the national association of social workers. Washington, DC: National Association of Social Workers.
Ogden, T. (1997). Subjects of analysis. Northvale: Jason Aaronson.
Schore, J. R., & Schore, A. N. (2008). Modern attachment theory: the central role of affect regulation in development and treatment. Clinical Social Work Journal, 36, 9–12. doi:10.1007/s10615-007-0111-7.
Segal, Z. V., Williams, M. G., & Teasdale, J. D. (2002). Mindfulness-based cognitive therapy for depression: A new approach to preventing relapse. New York: Guilford.
Shapiro, D. (1992). Adverse effects of meditation: a preliminary investigation of long-term meditators. International Journal of Psychosomatics, 39, 62–66.
Shapiro, S. L., Schwartz, G. E., & Bonner, G. (1998). Effects of mindfulness-based stress reduction on medical and premedical students. Journal of Behavioral Medicine, 21, 581–599. doi:10.1023/A:1018700829825.
Shapiro, S. L., Carlson, L. E., Astin, J. A., & Freedman, B. (2006). Mechanisms of mindfulness. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 62, 373–386. doi:10.1002/jclp.20237.
Shulman, L. (1992). The skills of helping individuals, families and group (3rd ed.). Itasca: F. E. Peacock.
Siegel, D. J. (2007). The mindful brain: Reflection and attunement in the cultivation of well-being. New York: Norton.
Simpson, G. A., Williams, J. C., & Segall, A. B. (2007). Social work education and clinical education. Clinical Social Work Journal, 35, 3–14. doi:10.1007/s10615-006-0046-4.
Stern, D. (2004). The present moment in psychotherapy and everyday life. New York: Norton.
Telch, C. F., Agras, W. S., & Linehan, M. M. (2001). Dialectical behavior therapy for binge eating disorder. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 69, 1061–1065. doi:10.1037/0022-006X.69.6.1061.
Tremmel, R. (1993). Zen and the art of reflective practice in teacher education. Harvard Educational Review, 63, 434–458.
Willaims, M., Teasdale, J., Segal, Z., & Kabat-Zinn, J. (2007). The mindful way through depression: Freeing yourself from chronic unhappiness. New York: Guilford.
Acknowledgments
The author would like to thank the professors and students of the 2007 cohort of the DSW program at the University of Pennsylvania for their assistance on this article. Special thanks to Karen Blomain for personal assistance with the manuscript preparation.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Turner, K. Mindfulness: The Present Moment in Clinical Social Work. Clin Soc Work J 37, 95–103 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10615-008-0182-0
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10615-008-0182-0