Top

Gepubliceerd in:

01-06-2015 | Original Article

Is Cyberbullying Related to Trait or State Anger?

Auteurs: Antonia Lonigro, Barry H. Schneider, Fiorenzo Laghi, Roberto Baiocco, Susanna Pallini, Thomas Brunner

Gepubliceerd in: Child Psychiatry & Human Development | Uitgave 3/2015

Abstract

Anger is a powerful emotion shared by victims and bullies in both physical and electronic forms of bullying. However, little is known about the specific roles of trait anger and state anger in involvement in bullying episodes. The purpose of this study was to verify which component of anger, trait or state, is more strongly related to physical and cyberbullying and victimization. Students between the ages 11–19 (N = 716, 392 female, 324 male) completed the state trait anger expression inventory-2 child and adolescent and a measure of victimization and bullying. Results for cyberbullying suggested a major vulnerability among bullies and victims to experience anger as a personality trait as well some links between state anger, cyberbullying and cybervictimization. Moreover, the outward, explosive expression of anger appears to be common among cyber and physical bullies. Implications for intervention programs are discussed.

vorige artikel Psychometric Evaluation of the Child PTSD Symptom Scale in Spanish and English

volgende artikel Suboptimal Maternal and Paternal Mental Health are Associated with Child Bullying Perpetration

Mishna F (2012) Bullying: a guide to research, intervention, and prevention. Oxford University Press, New YorkCrossRef

Hinduja S, Patchin JW (2012) Cyberbullying: neither an epidemic nor a rarity. Eur J Dev Psychol 9:539–543CrossRef

Tokunaga RS (2010) Following you home from school: a critical review and synthesis of research on cyberbullying victimization. Comput Hum Behav 26:277–287CrossRef

Kowalski RM, Morgan CA, Limber SP (2012) Traditional bullying as a potential warning sign of cyberbullying. Sch Psychol Intern 33:505–519CrossRef

Jackson M, Cassidy W, Brown K (2009) Out of the mouth of babes: students’ voice their opinions on cyber-bullying. Long Island Educ Rev 8:24–30

Dooley JJ, Pyzalski J, Cross D (2009) Cyberbullying versus face-to-face bullying: a theoretical and conceptual review. J Psych 217:182–188

Laftman SB, Modin B, Östberg V (2012) Cyberbullying and subjective health: a large-scale study of students in Stockholm, Sweden. Child Youth Serv Rev 35:112–119CrossRef

Campbell MA, Slee PT, Spears B, Butler D, Kift S (2013) Do cyberbullies suffer too? Cyberbullies’ perceptions of the harm they cause to others and to their own mental health. Sch Psychol Int 34:613–629CrossRef

Campbell MA, Cross D, Spears B, Slee P (2010) Cyberbullying-legal implications for schools. Occasional paper 118. Melbourne: Centre for Strategic Education

10.

Cassidy W, Faucher C, Jackson M (2013) Cyberbullying among youth: a comprehensive review of current international research and its implications and application to policy and practice. Sch Psychol Int 34:575–612CrossRef

11.

Mishna F, Khoury-Kassabri M, Gadalla T, Daciuk J (2012) Risk factors for involvement in cyber bullying: victims, bullies, and bully–victims. Child Youth Serv Rev 34:63–70CrossRef

12.

Agatston P, Kowalski R, Limber S (2012) Youth views on cyberbullying. In: Patchin JW, Hinduja S (eds) Cyberbullying prevention and response: expert perspectives. Routledge, New York, pp 57–71

13.

Marczak M, Coyne I (2010) Cyberbullying at school: good practice and legal aspects in the United Kingdom. Aust J Guid Couns 20:182–193CrossRef

14.

Patchin JW, Hinduja S (2012) Cyberbullying: an update and synthesis of the research. In: Patchin JW, Hinduja S (eds) Cyberbullying prevention and response: expert perspectives. Routledge, New York, pp 13–35

15.

Topcu C, Erdur-Baker O (2012) Affective and cognitive empathy as mediators of gender differences in cyber and traditional bullying. Sch Psychol Int 33:550–561CrossRef

16.

Ortega R, Elipe P, Mora-Merchán JA, Genta ML, Brighi A, Guarini A, Tippett N (2012) The emotional impact of bullying and cyberbullying on victims: a European cross-national study. Aggress Behav 38:342–356CrossRefPubMed

17.

Izard CE (1971) The face of emotion. Appleton-Century-Crofts, East Norwalk

18.

Tomkins SS (1991) Affect imagery consciousness: Vol. III. The negative affects: Anger and fear. Springer, New York

19.

Campos JJ, Frankel CB, Camras L (2004) On the nature of emotion regulation. Child Dev 75:377–394CrossRefPubMed

20.

Izard CE (1993) Four system for emotion activation: cognitive and noncognitive processes. Psychol Rev 68:90–100

21.

Champion KL, Clay DL (2007) Individual differences in responses to provocation and frequent victimization by peers. Child Psychiatry Hum Dev 37:205–220CrossRefPubMed

22.

Candelaria AM, Fedewa AL, Ahn S (2012) The effects of anger management on children’s social and emotional outcomes: a meta-analysis. Sch Psychol Int 33:596–614CrossRef

23.

Champion KM (2009) Victimization, anger, and gender: low anger and passive responses work. Am J Ortop 79:71–82CrossRef

24.

Lovegrove PJ, Henry KL, Slater MD (2012) Examination of the predictors of latent class typologies of bullying involvement among middle school students. J Sch Violence 11:75–93CrossRefPubMedCentralPubMed

25.

Spielberger CD, Reheiser EC, Sydeman SJ (1995) Measuring the experience, expression and control of anger. Compr Pediatr Nurs 18:207–232CrossRef

26.

Deffenbacher JL, Oetting ER, Thwaites GA, Lynch RS, Baker DA, Stark RS, Thacker S, Eiswerth-Cox L (1996) State-trait anger theory and the utility of the Trait anger Scale. J Couns Psychol 43:131–148CrossRef

27.

Cassidy W, Jackson M, Brown K (2009) Sticks and stones can break my bones, but how can pixels hurt me? Students’ experiences with cyber-bullying. Sch Psychol Int 30:383–402CrossRef

28.

Smith PK, Mahdavi J, Carvalho M, Fisher S, Russel S, Tippett N (2008) Cyberbullying: its nature and impact in secondary school pupils. J Child Psychol Psychiatr 49:376–384CrossRef

29.

Brunner TM, Spielberger CD (1979) State-trait anger expression inventory-2 child and adolescent (STAXI-2 C/A). PAR, Lutz

30.

Besevegis E, Dalla M, Gari A, Karademas CE (2008) The adaptation of state-trait anger expression inventory (STAXI-II) in the Greek language. Psychology 15:171–188

31.

Culhane SE, Morera OF (2010) Reliability and validity of the Novaco Anger Scale and provocation inventory (NAS-PI) and state-trait anger expression inventory-2 (STAXI-2) in Hispanic and non-hispanic white student samples. Hisp J Behav Sci 32:586–606CrossRef

32.

Mendoza O, Pozo H, Bello C (2010) Validation of the Mexican version of the State-trait anger expression inventory (STAXI-2). Acta Colom Psicologia 13:107–117

33.

Deschênes SS, Dugas MJ, Fracalanza K, Koerner N (2012) The role of anger in generalized anxiety disorder. Cogn Behav Ther 41:261–271CrossRefPubMed

34.

Sukhodolsky DG, Golub A, Cromwell EN (2001) Development and validation of the Anger Scale rumination. Pers Individ Differ 31:689–800CrossRef

35.

Ontario Ministry of Education (2009) Short bullying measure: a survey for students in grades 7–12 about equity and inclusive education, bullying/harassment. Qeen’s Printer for Ontario. Document available at www.edu.gov.on.ca/eng/teachers/climate.html

36.

Camodeca M, Goossens FA (2005) Aggression, social cognitions, anger and sadness in bullies and victims. J Child Psychol Psychiatr 46:186–197CrossRef

37.

Gansle K (2005) The effectiveness of school-based anger interventions and programs: a meta-analysis. J Sch Psychol 43:321–341CrossRef

38.

Sutton J, Smith PK, Swettwnham JS (1999) Bullying and theory of mind: a critique of the “Social Skills Deficit” view of antisocial behavior. Soc Dev 8:117–127CrossRef

39.

Garner PW, Hinton HT (2010) Emotional display rules and emotion self-regulation: association with bullying and victimization in community-based after school programs. J Community Appl Soc 20:480–496CrossRef

40.

Nishina A, Juvonen J, Witkow M (2005) Sticks and stones may break my bones, but names will make me feel sick: the psychosocial, somatic, and scholastic consequences of peer harassment. J Clin Child Adoles Psychol Psychiatr 34:37–48CrossRef

41.

Poulin F, Boivin M (2000) Reactive and proactive aggression: evidence for two–factor model. Psychol Assess 12:115–122CrossRefPubMed

42.

Salmivalli C, Nieminen E (2002) Proactive and reactive aggression in bullies, victims, and bully–victims. Aggress Behav 28:30–44CrossRef

43.

Knight GP, Guthrie IK, Page MC, Fabes RA (2002) Emotional arousal and gender differences in aggression: a meta-analysis. Aggress Behav 28:366–393CrossRef

44.

Amichai-Hamburger Y (2013) Youth internet and wellbeing. Comput Hum Behav 29:1–2CrossRef

45.

Prensky M (2001) Digital natives, digital immigrants. Horizon 9:1–6

46.

Pozzoli T, Ang RP, Gini G (2012) Bystanders’ reactions to bullying: a cross-cultural analysis of personal correlates among Italian and Singaporean students. Soc Dev 21:86–703CrossRef

47.

Farrington DP, Ttofi MM (2009) How to reduce school bullying. Vict Off 4:321–326CrossRef

48.

Smith JD, Schneider BH, Smith PK, Ananiadou K (2004) The effectiveness of whole-school antibullying programs: a synthesis of evaluation research. Sch Psychol Rev 33:547–560

49.

Sahin M (2012) An investigation into the efficiency of empathy training program on preventing bullying in primary schools. Child Youth Serv Rev 34:1325–1330CrossRef

50.

Laghi F, Pallini S, D’Alessio M, Baiocco R (2011) Development and validation of the efficacious self-presentation Scale. J Gen Psychol 172:209–219CrossRef

Titel: Is Cyberbullying Related to Trait or State Anger?
Auteurs: Antonia Lonigro
Barry H. Schneider
Fiorenzo Laghi
Roberto Baiocco
Susanna Pallini
Thomas Brunner
Publicatiedatum: 01-06-2015
Uitgeverij: Springer US
Gepubliceerd in: Child Psychiatry & Human Development / Uitgave 3/2015
Print ISSN: 0009-398X
Elektronisch ISSN: 1573-3327
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10578-014-0484-0

Bohn Stafleu van Loghum

Deel dit onderdeel of sectie (kopieer de link)

Abstract

Log in om toegang te krijgen

Andere artikelen Uitgave 3/2015

Peer Victimization Among Children and Adolescents with Anxiety Disorders

Disordered Eating and its Association with Overweight and Health-Related Quality of Life Among Adolescents in Selected High Schools of Tehran

Psychiatric Diagnoses, Emotional–Behavioral Symptoms and Functional Outcomes in Adolescents Born Preterm with Very Low Birth Weights

The Work–Family Conflict Scale (WAFCS): Development and Initial Validation of a Self-report Measure of Work–Family Conflict for Use with Parents

Variations in the Influence of Parental Socialization of Anxiety among Clinic Referred Children

Psychometric Evaluation of the Child PTSD Symptom Scale in Spanish and English