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Effects of the BEAT Cancer physical activity behavior change intervention on physical activity, aerobic fitness, and quality of life in breast cancer survivors: a multicenter randomized controlled trial

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Abstract

Most breast cancer survivors (BCS) are not meeting recommended physical activity guidelines. Here, we report the effects of the Better Exercise Adherence after Treatment for Cancer (BEAT Cancer) behavior change intervention on physical activity, aerobic fitness, and quality of life (QoL). We randomized 222 post-primary treatment BCS to the 3-month intervention (BEAT Cancer) or usual care (UC). BEAT Cancer combined supervised exercise, face-to-face counseling, and group discussions with tapering to home-based exercise. Assessments at baseline, immediately post-intervention (month 3; M3), and 3 months post-intervention (month 6; M6) included accelerometer and self-reported physical activity, submaximal treadmill test, and QoL [Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy (FACT)-Breast scale]. Adjusted linear mixed-model analyses demonstrated significant effects of BEAT Cancer compared to UC on weekly minutes of ≥moderate intensity physical activity at M3 by accelerometer [mean between group difference (M) = +41; 95 % confidence interval (CI) = 10–73; p = 0.010] and self-report (M = +93; CI = 62–123; p < 0.001). Statistical significance remained at M6 for self-reported physical activity (M = +74; CI = 43–105; p < 0.001). BEAT Cancer participants were significantly more likely to meet physical activity recommendations at both time points [accelerometer M3 adjusted odds ratio (OR) = 2.2; CI = 1.0–4.8 and M6 adjusted OR = 2.4; CI = 1.1–5.3; self-report M3 adjusted OR = 5.2; CI = 2.6–10.4 and M6 adjusted OR = 4.8; CI = 2.3–10.0]. BEAT Cancer significantly improved fitness at M6 (M = +1.8 ml/kg/min; CI = 0.8–2.8; p = 0.001) and QoL at M3 and M6 (M = +6.4; CI = 3.1–9.7; p < 0.001 and M = +3.8; CI = 0.5–7.2; p = 0.025, respectively). The BEAT Cancer intervention significantly improved physical activity, fitness, and QoL with benefits continuing 3 months post-intervention.

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Acknowledgments

The authors acknowledge the contributions of Karen Hoelzer, MD, Sara Mansfield, MS, Amanda Fogleman, BS, Ruth Sosnoff, PhD, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine Center for Clinical Research, University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign kinesiology graduate students and assistants, and the University of Alabama at Birmingham Physical Activity core. This project was supported by the National Cancer Institute R01CA136859. Kerry S. Courneya is supported by the Canada Research Chairs Program.

Conflict of interests

No personal or professional relationships that may represent a potential conflict of interest exist for this manuscript.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Nutrition Sciences, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Webb 222, 1720 2nd Avenue South, Birmingham, AL, 35294-3360, USA

    Laura Q. Rogers

  2. Faculty of Physical Education and Recreation, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada

    Kerry S. Courneya

  3. Department of Kinesiology, Southern Illinois University Carbondale, Carbondale, IL, USA

    Philip M. Anton

  4. Department of Medicine, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Springfield, IL, USA

    Patricia Hopkins-Price & Robert Mocharnuk

  5. Statistics and Research Informatics Core, Center for Clinical Research, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Springfield, IL, USA

    Steven Verhulst & Randall S. Robbs

  6. Department of Psychiatry, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Springfield, IL, USA

    Sandra K. Vicari

  7. Department of Kinesiology and Community Health, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA

    Edward McAuley

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  1. Laura Q. Rogers
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Correspondence to Laura Q. Rogers.

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Rogers, L.Q., Courneya, K.S., Anton, P.M. et al. Effects of the BEAT Cancer physical activity behavior change intervention on physical activity, aerobic fitness, and quality of life in breast cancer survivors: a multicenter randomized controlled trial. Breast Cancer Res Treat 149, 109–119 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10549-014-3216-z

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10549-014-3216-z

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