Skip to main content
Log in

Casual Hook up Sex During the First Year of College: Prospective Associations with Attitudes about Sex and Love Relationships

  • Original Paper
  • Published:
Archives of Sexual Behavior Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

This study examined bidirectional relationships among emerging adults’ involvement in casual hook up sex and attitudes about sex and love relationships. At the start and end of their first year in college, undergraduates (N = 163) responded to measures of sexual behavior, sexual attitudes, and attitudes about love relationships. In cross-sectional analyses, attitudes about sex and love both were associated with involvement in casual hook up sex. In prospective analyses, initial attitudes about sexual instrumentality uniquely predicted involvement in later hook up sex, even after controlling for past hook up sex. Furthermore, involvement in hook up sex during the first year of college predicted greater sexual permissiveness and comfort with casual genital contact, even after controlling for initial sexual attitudes and hook up behaviors. None of the associations between attitudes and behavior were qualified by gender. Experiences of causal hook up sex appear to have implications primarily for emerging adults’ attitudes about sexual interactions rather than their attitudes about love relationships.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Ajzen, I., & Fishbein, M. (1977). Attitude-behavior relations: A theoretical analysis and review of empirical research. Psychological Bulletin, 84, 888–918.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Arnett, J. J. (2000). Emerging adulthood: A theory of development from the late teens through the twenties. American Psychologist, 55, 469–480.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Backstrom, L., Armstrong, E. A., & Puentes, J. (2012). Women’s negotiation of cunnilingus in college hook ups and relationships. Journal of Sex Research, 49, 1–12.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Bogle, K. A. (2008). Hooking up: Sex, dating, and relationships on campus. New York: New York University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Braun, V., & Kitzinger, C. (2001). “Snatch”, “hole”, or “honey-pot”? Semantic categories and the problem of nonspecificity in female genital slang. Journal of Sex Research, 38, 146–158.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Cohen, J., & Manning, W. (2010). The relationship context of premarital serial cohabitation. Social Science Research, 39, 766–776.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Fielder, R. L., & Carey, M. P. (2010a). Prevalence and characteristics of sexual hookups among first-semester female college students. Journal of Sex and Marital Therapy, 36, 346–359.

    Article  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Fielder, R. L., & Carey, M. P. (2010b). Predictors and consequences of sexual “hookups” among college students: A short term prospective study. Archives of Sexual Behavior, 39, 1105–11119.

    Article  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Gentzler, A. L., & Kerns, K. A. (2004). Associations between insecure attachment and sexual experiences. Personal Relationships, 11, 249–265.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Grello, C. M., Welsh, D. P., & Harper, M. S. (2006). No strings attached: The nature of casual sex in college students. Journal of Sex Research, 43, 255–267.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Hendrick, C., & Hendrick, S. (1986). A theory and method of love. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 50, 392–402.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hendrick, C., Hendrick, S. S., & Dicke, A. (1998). The Love Attitudes Scale: Short form. Journal of Social and Personal Relationships, 15, 147–159.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hendrick, C., Hendrick, S. S., & Reich, D. A. (2006). The Brief Sexual Attitudes Scale. Journal of Sex Research, 43, 76–86.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Hughes, M., Morrison, K., & Asada, K. J. K. (2005). What’s love got to do with it? Exploring the impact of maintenance rules, love attitudes, and network support on friends with benefits relationships. Western Journal of Communication, 69, 49–66.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lambert, T. A., Kahn, A. S., & Apple, K. J. (2003). Pluralistic ignorance and hooking up. Journal of Sex Research, 40, 129–133.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Lee, J. A. (1973). The colors of love: An exploration of the ways of loving. Toronto: New Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lindgren, K. P., Schacht, R. L., Pantalone, D. W., Blayney, J. A., & George, W. H. (2009). Sexual communication, sexual goals, and students’ transition to college: Implications for sexual assault, decision-making, and risky behaviors. Journal of College Student Development, 50, 491–503.

    Article  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Manning, W. D., Longmore, M. A., & Giordano, P. C. (2005). Adolescents’ involvement in nonromantic sexual activity. Social Science Research, 34, 384–407.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ouellette, J. A., & Wood, W. (1998). Habit and intention in everyday life: The multiple processes by which past behavior predicts future behavior. Psychological Bulletin, 124, 54–74.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Owen, J. J., & Fincham, F. D. (2011). Young adults’ emotional reactions after hooking up encounters. Archives of Sexual Behavior, 40, 321–330.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Owen, J. J., Fincham, F. D., & Moore, J. (2011). Short-term prospective study of hookups among college students. Archives of Sexual Behavior, 40, 331–341.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Owen, J. J., Rhoades, G. K., Stanley, S. M., & Fincham, F. D. (2010). “Hooking up” among college students: Demographic and psychosocial correlates. Archives of Sexual Behavior, 39, 653–663.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Patrick, M. E., Maggs, J. L., & Abar, C. C. (2007). Reasons to have sex, personal goals, and sexual behavior during the transition to college. Journal of Sex Research, 44, 240–249.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Paul, E. L., & Hayes, K. A. (2002). The causalities of ‘causal’ sex: A qualitative exploration of the phenomenology of college students’ hookups. Journal of Social and Personal Relationships, 19, 639–661.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Paul, E. L., McManus, B., & Hayes, A. (2000). “Hookups”: Characteristics and correlates of college students’ spontaneous and anonymous sexual experiences. Journal of Sex Research, 37, 76–88.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Peter, J., & Valkenburg, P. M. (2010). Processes underlying the effects of adolescents’ use of sexually explicit internet material: The role of perceived realism. Communication Research, 37, 375–399.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Peterson, J. L., & Hyde, J. S. (2011). Gender differences in sexual attitudes and behaviors: A review of meta-analytic results and large datasets. Journal of Sex Research, 48, 149–165.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Raley, R. K., Crissey, S., & Muller, C. (2007). Of sex and romance: Late adolescent relationships and young adult union formation. Journal of Marriage and Family, 69, 1210–1226.

    Article  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Reiber, C., & Garcia, J. R. (2010). Hooking up: Gender differences, evolution, and pluralistic ignorance. Evolutionary Psychology, 8, 390–404.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Reinholtz, R. K., & Muehlenhard, C. L. (1995). Genital perceptions and sexual activity in a college population. Journal of Sex Research, 32, 155–165.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sassler, S. (2010). Partnering across the life course: Sex, relationships, and mate selection. Journal of Marriage and Family, 72, 557–575.

    Article  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Teachman, J. (2003). Premarital sex, premarital cohabitation and risk of subsequent marital dissolution among women. Journal of Marriage and Family, 65, 444–455.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Townsend, J. M., & Wasserman, T. H. (2011). Sexual hookups among college students: Sex differences in emotional reactions. Archives of Sexual Behavior, 40, 1173–1181.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Willoughby, B. J., & Carroll, J. S. (2010). Sexual experience and couple formation attitudes among emerging adults. Journal of Adult Development, 17, 1–11.

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgments

The authors gratefully acknowledge Catherine Herman, Melanie Schukrafft, and Erika van der Kloet for their assistance with data collection and management.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Jennifer Katz.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Katz, J., Schneider, M.E. Casual Hook up Sex During the First Year of College: Prospective Associations with Attitudes about Sex and Love Relationships. Arch Sex Behav 42, 1451–1462 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10508-013-0078-0

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Revised:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10508-013-0078-0

Keywords

Navigation