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Uncovering Patterns of HIV Risk Through Multiple Housing Measures

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Abstract

Understanding the relationships between housing and HIV has been limited by reliance on a single housing indicator based on current living arrangements (e.g., stable, unstable, or homeless). This paper examines the cross-sectional and longitudinal relationships between five housing indicators (objective housing stability, subjective housing stability, supportive housing, number of residences in the last 6 months, and housing services needs) and four HIV risk behaviors (hard drug use, needle sharing, sex exchange, and unprotected intercourse) among women at-risk for HIV and with recent criminal justice system involvement (n = 493). In cross-sectional analyses, each risk behavior was associated with multiple indicators of poor housing, and the patterns of association varied by risk behavior. In the longitudinal analyses, changes in risk behavior were associated with changes in housing status since the previous assessment. These indicators reflect different aspects of housing and are uniquely associated with different risk behaviors. The relationships between housing and HIV risk are complex, and both constructs must be recognized as multidimensional.

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Notes

  1. Women who were chronically homeless or at high risk for homelessness were excluded because of the likelihood of limited intervention effectiveness and poor subject retention. Women currently housed were excluded if they had been homeless for three or more of the past 6 months and could not identify a specific, future residence. Women who were currently homeless were excluded if they had been homeless for three or more of the past 6 months or could not identify a specific, future residence.

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Acknowledgments

This research was supported by a grant from the National Institute on Drug Abuse (R01DA012572) and approved by the Oregon State Public Health/Multnomah County Public Health Institutional Review Board. The authors wish to thank Clyde Dent and Julie Maher, Program Design & Evaluation Services, for their guidance on the analysis, Sandro Galea, University of Michigan, for his suggestions on the analytic scope, and Maureen Rumptz, Program Design & Evaluation Services, for reviewing the manuscript. We thank our community partners, staff of the Multnomah County Health Department HIV and Hepatitis C Community Prevention Programs, and our research participants.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Program Design & Evaluation Services, Oregon Department of Human Services, 800 NE Oregon Street, Ste. 550, Portland, OR, 97232, USA

    Brian W. Weir

  2. Program Design & Evaluation Services, Multnomah County Health Department, Portland, OR, USA

    Ronda S. Bard & Michael J. Stark

  3. Department of Psychology, Portland State University, Portland, OR, USA

    Kerth O’Brien

  4. Multnomah County HIV and Hepatitis C Community Programs, Multnomah County Health Department, Portland, OR, USA

    Carol J. Casciato

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  1. Brian W. Weir
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  4. Carol J. Casciato
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  5. Michael J. Stark
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Correspondence to Brian W. Weir.

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Weir, B.W., Bard, R.S., O’Brien, K. et al. Uncovering Patterns of HIV Risk Through Multiple Housing Measures. AIDS Behav 11 (Suppl 2), 31–44 (2007). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10461-007-9284-x

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10461-007-9284-x

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