Abstract
Recognize the presence of headache at early age is essential to prevent that the disorder interferes with physical, psychological and social functioning. However, there are several differences between adults and children in the clinical manifestation of headache such as quality and severity of pain, trigger, associated symptoms, gender, duration of attacks, number of daytime attacks, comorbidities and red flags of secondary headache. These differences can make the diagnosis more complex in early ages than in adults, so it is essential to know how headache changes over time to identify its presence in the earliest phases of childhood.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Casucci G, Terlizzi R, Cevoli S (2014) Headache in school age. Neurol Sci 35(Suppl 1):31–35
Abu-Arafeh I, Razak S, Sivaraman B, Graham C (2010) Prevalence of headache and migraine in children and adolescents: a systematic review of population-based studies. Dev Med Child Neurol 52(12):1088–1097
Balottin U, Nicoli F, Pitillo G, Ferrari Ginevra O, Borgatti R, Lanzi G (2004) Migraine and tension headache in children under 6 years of age. Eur J Pain 8(4):307–314
Al-Twaijri WA, Shevell MI (2002) Pediatric migraine equivalents: occurrence and clinical features in practice. Pediatr Neurol 26:365–368
Bille B (1996) Migraine and tension-type headache in children and adolescents. Cephalalgia 16(2):78
Battistella PA, Fiumana E, Binelli M, Bertossi E, Battista P, Perakis E, Soriani S (2006) Primary headaches in preschool age children: clinical study and follow-up in 163 patients. Cephalalgia 26(2):162–171
Raieli V, Pitino R, Giordano G, Spitalieri C, Consolo F, Puma D, Santangelo G, Vanadia F, D’Amelio M (2015) Migraine in a pediatric population: a clinical study in children younger than 7 years of age. Dev Med Child Neurol 57(6):585–588
Winner P (2008) Pediatric headache. Curr Opin Neurol 21(3):316–322
Evans RW (2007) Handbook of headache. Headache during childhood and adolescence, Philadelphia, pp 209–299
Guidetti V, Canitano R (1994) Diagnostic criteria of childhood migraine. Cephalalgia 14(5):381
Antonaci F, Voiticovschi-Iosob C, Di Stefano AL, Galli F, Ozge A, Balottin U (2014) The evolution of headache from childhood to adulthood: a review of the literature. J Headache Pain 15(1):15
Benbir G, Karadeniz D, Göksan B (2012) The characteristics and subtypes of headache in relation to age and gender in a rural community in Eastern Turkey. Agri 24(4):145–152
Aegidius KL, Zwart JA, Hagen K, Dyb G, Holmen TL, Stovner LJ (2011) Increased headache prevalence in female adolescents and adult women with early menarche. The Head-HUNT Studies. Eur J Neurol 18(2):321–328
Stewart WF, Linet MS, Celentano DD, Van Natta M, Ziegler D (1991) Age- and sex-specific incidence rates of migraine with and without visual aura. Am J Epidemiol 134(10):1111–1120
Faria V, Erpelding N, Lebel A, Johnson A, Wolff R, Fair D, Burstein R, Becerra L, Borsook D (2015) The migraine brain in transition: girls vs boys. Pain 156(11):2212–2221
Waldie KE, Thompson JM, Mia Y, Murphy R, Wall C, Mitchell EA (2014) Risk factors for migraine and tension-type headache in 11 year old children. J Headache Pain 15:60
Neut D, Fily A, Cuvellier JC, Vallée L (2012) The prevalence of triggers in paediatric migraine: a questionnaire study in 102 children and adolescents. J Headache Pain 13(1):61–65
Bellini B, Arruda M, Cescut A, Saulle C, Persico A, Carotenuto M, Gatta M, Nacinovich R, Piazza FP, Termine C, Tozzi E, Lucchese F, Guidetti V (2013) Headache and comorbidity in children and adolescents. J Headache Pain 14:79
Blaauw BA, Dyb G, Hagen K, Holmen TL, Linde M, Wentzel-Larsen T, Zwart JA (2015) The relationship of anxiety, depression and behavioral problems with recurrent headache in late adolescence: a Young-HUNT follow-up study. J Headache Pain 16:10
Arruda M, Arruda R, Guidetti V, Bigal M (2015) Psychosocial adjustment of children with migraine and tension-type headache: a nationwide study. Headache 55(Suppl 1):39–50
Guidetti V, Galli F, Fabrizi P, Giannantoni AS, Napoli L, Bruni O, Trillo S (1998) Headache and psychiatric comorbidity: clinical aspects and outcome in an 8-year follow-up study. Cephalalgia 18(7):455–462
Hershey AD (2010) Current approaches to the diagnosis and management of paediatric migraine. Lancet Neurol 9(2):190–204
Gormley P, Anttila V, Winsvold BS, Palta P et al (2016) Meta-analysis of 375,000 individuals identifies 38 susceptibility loci for migraine. Nat Genet 48(8):856–866
Anda R, Tietjen G, Schulman E, Felitti V, Croft J (2010) Adverse childhood experiences and frequent headaches in adults. Headache 50(9):1473–1481
Malter Cohen M, Jing D, Yang RR, Tottenham N, Lee FS, Casey BJ (2013) Early-life stress has persistent effects on amygdala function and development in mice and humans. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 110(45):18274–18278
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Ethics declarations
Conflict of interest
We certify that there is no actual or potential conflict of interest in relation to this article.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Guidetti, V., Faedda, N. From 0° to 18°: how headache changes over time. Neurol Sci 38 (Suppl 1), 103–106 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10072-017-2865-1
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10072-017-2865-1