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Autism spectrum disorder-associated genes and the development of dentate granule cells

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Abstract

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by severe clinical symptoms such as the deficiency of the social communication, repetitive and stereotyped behaviors, and restricted interests. Although complex genetic and environmental factors are thought to contribute to the development of ASD, the precise etiologies are largely unknown. Neuroanatomical observations have been made of developmental abnormalities in different brain regions, including dentate gyrus of hippocampus, which is widely accepted as the center for learning and memory. However, little is known about what roles ASD-associated genes play in the development of hippocampal dentate granule cells. In this article, we summarized functions and pathophysiological significance of 6 representative ASD-associated genes, SEMA5A, PTEN, NLGN, EN-2, FMR1, and MECP2, by focusing on the development of dentate gyrus. We then introduced a recently developed gene transfer method directed to neonatal dentate granule cells. This new method will be useful for elucidating physiological as well as pathophysiological significance of ASD-associated genes in the development of hippocampal formation.

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported in part by JSPS KAKENHI Grant Numbers 16J06511, 23590124, 16K07211, JP25462658, and JP16K08264 and a Grant-in-aid of Takeda Science Foundation.

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  1. Department of Molecular Neurobiology, Institute for Developmental Research, Aichi Human Service Center, 713-8 Kamiya, Kasugai, Aichi, 480-0392, Japan

    Hidenori Ito, Rika Morishita & Koh-ichi Nagata

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  1. Hidenori Ito
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Ito, H., Morishita, R. & Nagata, Ki. Autism spectrum disorder-associated genes and the development of dentate granule cells. Med Mol Morphol 50, 123–129 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00795-017-0161-z

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