Abstract
This paper studies the discriminative capacity of CBCL/1½-5 (Manual for the ASEBA Preschool-Age Forms & Profiles, University of Vermont, Research Center for Children, Youth, & Families, Burlington, 2000) DSM5 scales attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), oppositional defiant disorder (ODD), anxiety and depressive problems for detecting the presence of DSM5 (DSM5 diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders, APA, Arlington, 2013) disorders, ADHD, ODD, Anxiety and Mood disorders, assessed through diagnostic interview, in children aged 3–5. Additionally, we compare the clinical utility of the CBCL/1½-5-DSM5 scales with respect to analogous CBCL/1½-5 syndrome scales. A large community sample of 616 preschool children was longitudinally assessed for the stated age group. Statistical analysis was based on ROC procedures and binary logistic regressions. ADHD and ODD CBCL/1½-5-DSM5 scales achieved good discriminative ability to identify ADHD and ODD interview’s diagnoses, at any age. CBCL/1½-5-DSM5 Anxiety scale discriminative capacity was fair for unspecific anxiety disorders in all age groups. CBCL/1½-5-DSM5 depressive problems’ scale showed the poorest discriminative capacity for mood disorders (including depressive episode with insufficient symptoms), oscillating into the poor-to-fair range. As a whole, DSM5-oriented scales generally did not provide evidence better for discriminative capacity than syndrome scales in identifying DSM5 diagnoses. CBCL/1½-5-DSM5 scales discriminate externalizing disorders better than internalizing disorders for ages 3–5. Scores on the ADHD and ODD CBCL/1½-5-DSM5 scales can be used to screen for DSM5 ADHD and ODD disorders in general populations of preschool children.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Achenbach TM (2009) The Achenbach System of Empirically Based Assessemnt (ASEBA): Development, Findings, Theory, and Applications. University of Vermont Research Center for Children, Youth and Families, Burlington
Achenbach TM (2013) DSM Guide for the ASEBA. University of Vermont, Research Center for Children, Youth & Families, Burlington
Achenbach TM, Dumenci L (2001) Advances in empirically based assessment: revised cross-informant syndromes and new DSM-oriented scales for the CBCL, YSR, and TRF: Comment on lengua, sadowksi, friedrich, and fisher (2001). J Consult Clin Psychol 69(4):699–702. doi:10.1037//0022-006X.69.4.699
Achenbach TM, Dumenci L, Rescorla LA (2003) DSM-oriented and empirically based approaches to constructing scales from the same item pools. J Clin Child Adolesc Psychol 32(3):328–340. doi:10.1207/S15374424JCCP3203_02
Achenbach TM, Rescorla LA (2000) Manual for the ASEBA preschool-age forms & profiles. University of Vermont, Research Center for Children, Youth, & Families, Burlington
Aebi M, Metzke CW, Steinhausen H (2010) Accuracy of the DSM-oriented attention problem scale of the child behavior checklist in diagnosing attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder. J Atten Disord 13(5):454–463. doi:10.1177/1087054708325739
American Psychiatric Association (1994) DSM-IV diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders. APA, Washington, DC
American Psychiatric Association (2013) DSM5 diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders. APA, Arlington
American Psychiatric Association (2000) DSM-IV-TR Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders Text Revised, 4th edn. APA, Washington, DC
Bellina M, Brambilla P, Garzitto M, Negri GAL, Molteni M, Nobile M (2013) The ability of CBCL DSM-oriented scales to predict DSM-IV diagnoses in a referred sample of children and adolescents. Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry 22(4):235–246. doi:10.1007/s00787-012-0343-0
Dingle K, Clavarino A, Williams GM, Bor WW, Najman JM, Alati R (2011) Predicting depressive and anxiety disorders with the YARS internilizing scale (empirical and DSM-oriented). Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol 46:1313–1324
Ebesutani C, Bernstein A, Nakamura BJ, Chorpita BF, Higa-McMillan CK, Weisz JR, Hlth Res Network Youth Mental (2010) Concurrent validity of the child behavior checklist DSM-oriented scales: correspondence with DSM diagnoses and comparison to syndrome scales. J Psychopathol Behav Assess 32(3):373–384. doi:10.1007/s10862-009-9174-9
Ezpeleta L, de la Osa N, Domènech JM (2014) Prevalence of DSM-IV disorders, comorbidity and impairment in 3-year-old spanish preschoolers. Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol. doi:10.1007/s00127-013-0683-1
Ezpeleta L, de la Osa N, Granero R, Domènech JM, Reich W (2011) The diagnostic interview of children and adolescents for parents of preschool and young children: psychometric properties in the general population. Psychiatry Res 190:137–144. doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2011.04.034
Ferdinand RF (2008) Validity of the CBCL/YSR DSM-IV scales anxiety problems and affective problems. J Anxiety Disord 22(1):126–134. doi:10.1016/j.janxdis.2007.01.008
Goodman R (1997) The strenghs and difficulties questionnaire. J Child Psychol Psychiatry 38:581–586
Hollingshead, A. B. (1975). Four factor index of social status.. Unpublished manuscript
Ivanova MY, Achenbach TM, Rescorla LA, Harder VS, Ang RP, Bilenberg N, Verhulst FC (2010) Preschool psychopathology reported by parents in 23 societies: testing the seven-syndrome model of the child behavior checklist for ages 1.5-5. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 49(12):1215–1224. doi:10.1016/j.jaac.2010.08.019
Kristensen S, Henriksen TB, Bilenberg N (2010) The child behavior checklist for ages 1.5-5 (CBCL/1(1/2)-5): assessment and analysis of parent- and caregiver-reported problems in a population-based sample of danish preschool children. Nord J Psychiatry 64(3):203–209. doi:10.3109/08039480903456595
Lacalle M, Ezpeleta L, Domenech JM (2012) DSM-oriented scales of the child behavior checklist and youth self-report in clinically referred spanish children. Span J Psychol 15(1):377–387. doi:10.5209/rev_.2012.v15.n1.37344
Luby JL, Mrakotsky C, Heffelfinger A, Brown K, Hessler M, Spitznagel E (2003) Modification of DSM-IV criteria for depressed preschool children. Am J Psychiatry 160:1169–1172
Keenan K, Boeldt D, Chen D, Coyne C, Donald R, Duax J, Hart K, Perrott K, Strickland J, Danis B, Hill C, Davis S, Kampani S, Humphries M (2011) Predictive validity of DSM-IV oppositional defiant and conduct disorders in clinically referred preschoolers. J Child Psychol Psychiatry 52(1):47–55. doi:10.1111/j.1469-7610.2010.02290.x
Nakamura BJ, Ebesutani C, Bernstein A, Chorpita BF (2009) A psychometric analysis of the child behavior checklist DSM-oriented scales. J Psychopathol Behav Assess 31(3):178–189. doi:10.1007/s10862-008-9119-8
Reich W, Ezpeleta L (2009) Entrevista diagnóstica para niños y adolescentes - versión para padres de preescolares (3–7 años). manuscrito no publicado (unpublished manuscript)
Rescorla LA (2005) Assessment of young children using the achenbach system of empirically based assessment (ASEBA). Mental Retard Dev Disabil Res Rev 11(3):226–237. doi:10.1002/mrdd.20071
Rescorla L, Achenbach T, Ivanova MY, Dumenci L, Almqvist F, Bilenberg N, Verhulst F (2012) Behavioral/emotional problems of preschoolers: caregiver/teacher reports from 15 societies. J Emot Behav Disord 20(2):68–81
de Wolff, Vogels AGC, Reijneveld SA (2014) The empirical versus DSM-oriented approach of the child behavior checklist. Eur J Psychol Assess 30(1):22–30
Acknowledgments
Funding was from the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation (Grant PSI2009-07542), the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness (Grant PSI2012-32695) and Generalitat of Catalonia (2014 SGR 312). We acknowledge all families and schools participating in the study.
Conflict of interest
None.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
de la Osa, N., Granero, R., Trepat, E. et al. The discriminative capacity of CBCL/1½-5-DSM5 scales to identify disruptive and internalizing disorders in preschool children. Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry 25, 17–23 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00787-015-0694-4
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00787-015-0694-4