Skip to main content
Log in

Psychometric properties and diagnostic ability of the separation anxiety scale for children (SASC)

  • ORIGINAL CONTRIBUTION
  • Published:
European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

This research describes the psychometric properties of a new child self-report measure, the separation anxiety scale for children (SASC), which assesses the frequency of symptoms of separation anxiety in children from 8 to 11. The factor solution with a sample of 1,201 children from 8 to 11, isolated three factors, discomfort from separation, worry about separation, and calm at separation, tested by confirmatory factor analysis, which accounted for 32.80% of the total variance. Results indicated that the SASC has a high internal consistency (α = 0.83). The results revealed a high test-retest reliability of the instrument, and a high number of correctly diagnosed cases. The correlation of scores with other anxiety measures shows that the variable most associated with separation anxiety is trait–anxiety.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. American Psychiatric Association (2000) Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (DSM-IV-TR). American Psychiatric Association, Washington DC

  2. Anderson JC, Williams S, McGee R, Silva P (1987) DSM-III disorders in preadolescent children: prevalence in a large sample from the general population. Arch Gen Psychiatry 44:69–76

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. Bird HR, Canino G, Rubio-Stipec M, Gould MS, Ribera J, Sesman M, Woodbury M, Huertas-Goldman S, Pagan A, Sanchez-Lacay A, Moscoso M (1988) Estimates of the prevalence of childhood maladjustment of childhood anxiety disorders. Arch Gen Psychiatry 45:1120–1126

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. Birmaher B, Khetarpal S, Brent D, Cully M, Balach L, Kaufman J, Neer SM (1997) The screen for child anxiety related emotional disorders (SCARED): scale construction and psychometric characteristics. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 36:545–553

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. Black B (1995) Separation anxiety disorder and panic disorder. In: March JS (ed) Anxiety disorders in children and adolescents, Guilford Press, New York, pp 212–234

    Google Scholar 

  6. Bowen RC, Offord DR, Boyle MH (1990) The prevalence of overanxious disorder and separation anxiety disorder: results from the Ontario child health study. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry, 29:753–758

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. Campbell SB (1986) Developmental issues in childhood anxiety. In: Gittelman R (dir) Anxiety disorders of childhood. New York, Guilford, pp 24–57

  8. Cronbach L (1951), Coefficient alpha and the internal consistency of tests. Psychometrika 16:297–334

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. DiNardo PA, O’Brien GT, Barlow DA, Waddell MT, Blanchard EB (1983) Reliability of the DSM-III anxiety disorders categories using a new structured interview. Arch Gen Psychiatry, 40:1070–1079

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. Eisen AR, Schaefer CE (2005) Separation anxiety in children and adolescents. Guilford, New York

    Google Scholar 

  11. Francis G, Last CG, Strauss CC (1987) Expression of separation anxiety disorder: the roles of age and gender. Child Psychiatry Hum Dev 18:82–89

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. Hahn L, Hajinlian J, Eisen, AR, Winder B, Pincus DB (2003) Measuring the dimensions of separation anxiety and early panic in children and adolescents: the separation anxiety assessment scale. Symposium conducted at the meeting of the Association for Advancement of Behavior Therapy, Boston

  13. Hajinlian J, Hahn L, Eisen AR, Zilli-Richardson L, Reddy RA, Winder B, Pincus, DB (2003) The phenomenon of separation anxiety across DSM-IV internalizing and externalizing disorders. Paper presented at the meeting of the Association for Advancement of Behavior Therapy, Boston

  14. Hu L, Bentler PM (1998) Fit indices in covariance structure modeling: sensitivity to underparameterized model misspecification. Psychol Methods 3(4):424–453

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. Kashani JH, Orvaschel H (1990) A community study of anxiety in children and adolescents. Am J Psychiatry, 147:313–318

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  16. Last CG, Perrin S, Hersen M, Kazdin AE (1992) DSM-III-R anxiety disorders in children: Sociodemographic and clinical characteristics. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry, 31:1070–1076

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  17. Last CG, Strauss CC (1990) School refusal in anxiety-disorderer children and adolescents. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry, 29:31–35

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  18. March JS, Parker JD, Sullivan K, Stallings P, Conners CK (1997) The multidimensional anxiety scale for children (MASC): Factor structure, reliability, and validity. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 36:554–565

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  19. Mendez FX, Garcia-Fernandez JM (1997) Forms I, II and III of scholar fears inventory. Unpublished manuscript, University of Murcia, Spain

  20. Muris P, Meesters C, Schouten E (2002) A brief questionnaire of DSM-IV-defined anxiety and depression symptoms among children. Clin Psychol Psychother 9:430–442

    Article  Google Scholar 

  21. Muris P, Merckelbach H, Ollendick TH, King NJ, Bogie N (2002) Three traditional and three new childhood anxiety questionnaires: their reliability and validity in a normal adolescent sample. Behav Res Ther 40:753–772

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  22. Silove D, Manicavasagar V, O’Connell D, Blaszczynski A, Wagner A, Henry J (1993) The development of the separation anxiety symptom inventory (SASI). Aus N Z J Psychiatry 27:477–488

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  23. Silverman WK, Albano AM, Sandin B (2001) Entrevista para el Diagnostico de los Trastornos de Ansiedad en Niños (ADIS-IV-C): Entrevista para el niño. [Anxiety disorders Interview Schedule for DSM-IV] Madrid, Klinic

  24. Silverman WK, Dick-Niederhauser A (2004) Separation anxiety disorder. In: Anxiety disorders in children and adolescents, 2nd edn. Guilford Press, New York, pp 164–188

  25. Silverman WK, Nelles WB (1988) The anxiety disorders interview schedule for children. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 27:772–778

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  26. Spence SH (1997) Structure of anxiety symptoms among children: a confirmatory factor-analytic study. J Abnorm Psychol 106:280–297

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  27. Spence SH (1998) A measure of anxiety symptoms among children. Behav Res Ther 36:545–566

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  28. Spence S, Barret PM, Turner CM (2003) Psychometric properties of the spence children’s anxiety scale with young adolescents. J Anxiety Disord 17:605–625

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  29. Spielberger CD, Gorsuch L, Lushene RE (1970) Manual for the State/Trait Anxiety Inventory. Consulting Psychologist Press, Palo Alto, CA

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to José P. Espada PhD.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Méndez, X., Espada, J.P., Orgilés, M. et al. Psychometric properties and diagnostic ability of the separation anxiety scale for children (SASC). Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry 17, 365–372 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00787-008-0678-8

Download citation

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00787-008-0678-8

Keywords

Navigation