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Oral health-related quality of life is associated with disease specific parameters in patients with ankylosing spondylitis

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Abstract

Background

The aim of this cross-sectional study was to investigate oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) in patients with ankylosing spondylitis (AS) and its association to oral health as well as AS specific parameters.

Methods

Patients with AS and a healthy control group (HC) were included and examined. The oral examination included decayed-, missing-, and filled-teeth index (DMF-T) as well as assessment of periodontal probing depth and clinical attachment loss to classify patients into healthy/mild, moderate, or severe periodontitis. Furthermore, the German short form of the oral health impact profile (OHIP G14) was used.

Results

A total of 50 patients each group (age: AS, 47.18 ± 15.67; HC, 55.82 ± 10.56; p < 0.01, gender male: AS, 52%; HC, 46%; p = 0.69) was included. AS patients showed worse D-T (p < 0.01) and periodontal condition (p = 0.01). The OHIP G14 score was clinically relevant and statistically significant higher in AS compared to HC (AS, 6.2 [2; 0–10.75]; HC, 1.7 [0; 0–2.0]; < 0.01). Only in HC, an association of OHIP G14 to DMF-T (p = 0.01) and M-T (p = 0.01) was found, while the OHIP G14 in AS group was not associated to oral health parameters. Within the AS group, the majority of investigated AS specific parameters were statistically significant and clinically relevant associated to OHIP G14 scores (pi < 0.05).

Conclusion

Patients with AS show worse OHRQoL compared to HC, irrespective of oral status. The high general disease burden might affect OHRQoL, making an increased attention of these patients in dental care, especially considering psychological aspects, necessary.

Clinical relevance

Increased consideration of psychosocial and disease related aspects in dental care of AS patients appear recommendable.

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Acknowledgments

We would like to thank Dr. Tanja Kottmann of the Clinical Research Organization, Hamm, Germany, for the statistical analysis.

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Author notes

  1. Gerhard Schmalz and Donya Douglas contributed equally to this work.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Cariology, Endodontology and Periodontology, University of Leipzig, Liebigstr. 12, 04103, Leipzig, Germany

    Gerhard Schmalz, Donya Douglas, David Douglas, Rainer Haak, Jan Schmickler & Dirk Ziebolz

  2. Department of Nephrology and Rheumatology, University Medical Centre Goettingen, Goettingen, Germany

    Susann Patschan, Daniel Patschan & Gerhard A. Müller

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  1. Gerhard Schmalz
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Correspondence to Dirk Ziebolz.

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The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

Ethical approval

The study was reviewed and approved by the Ethics Committee of the University Medical Center in Goettingen, Germany (application No. DOK_296_2015).

Informed consent

Patients were informed verbally and in writing about the study and gave written informed consent.

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Schmalz, G., Douglas, D., Douglas, D. et al. Oral health-related quality of life is associated with disease specific parameters in patients with ankylosing spondylitis. Clin Oral Invest 22, 2889–2896 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00784-018-2375-4

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00784-018-2375-4

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