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Dentofacial characteristics of patients with hypodontia

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Abstract

This study aims to identify distinctive dentofacial characteristics of hypodontia patients. For this purpose, 189 young hypodontia patients (cases) were divided into subgroups, based on criteria from literature. Normalised differences between cases and controls were calculated for various parameters of dentofacial form. Subsequently, cluster analysis was applied to disclose subsets of hypodontia patients with distinctive dentofacial features. The ANB angle, interincisal angle and lower anterior face height were consistently significantly different amongst the subsets. Four clusters of patients with an increasing number of missing teeth and distinctive dentofacial characteristics could be identified. Patients in cluster 1 display a high-angle facial pattern. Patients in clusters 2 and 3 exhibit markable dentoalveolar characteristics (a relatively small and a large interincisal angle, respectively). Patients in cluster 4 exhibited notable sagittal–skeletal discriminative features predominantly because of a retrognathic maxilla. The smallest nasolabial angle and lower anterior face height were seen in this cluster. It is concluded that the anterior–posterior relationship between the jaws, the interincisal angle and the lower anterior face height are discriminative parameters of dentofacial form in hypodontia patients. Patients with hypodontia can be clustered in four groups, each with distinctive vertical–skeletal, dentoalveolar and sagittal–skeletal characteristics. This categorisation of patients with hypodontia into meaningful groups may be useful for treatment planning, interdisciplinary communication and as a means of identifying groups of patients that qualify for reimbursement of costs. Other dental factors should be appreciated as well during restorative clinical decision making in patients with hypodontia.

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Acknowledgements

The authors are grateful to the following orthodontists J.G. Daggers, L. Kalden, M.T. Wassenaar-te Lintelo, R.A. van Teeseling, S.J.G.A. van ’t Veen and the Centers for Special Dental Care of the Isala klinieken Zwolle, The Netherlands (B.J. Polder and P.A.M. Versteegh) and of the Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Center (C. van Heumen) for providing additional patient material. Special thanks to O. van Vlijmen of the Department of Orthodontics and Oral Biology, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre for his help and assistance during the process of data acquisition and radiographic analysis.

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The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Oral–Maxillofacial Surgery, Prosthodontics and Special Dental Care, University Medical Centre Utrecht, P.O. Box 85.060, 3508 AB, Utrecht, The Netherlands

    Marijn Créton, Marco S. Cune & Cornelis de Putter

  2. Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands

    Jan M. Ruijter

  3. Department of Orthodontics and Oral Biology, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands

    Anne Marie Kuijpers-Jagtman

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  1. Marijn Créton
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  2. Marco S. Cune
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  3. Cornelis de Putter
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  4. Jan M. Ruijter
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  5. Anne Marie Kuijpers-Jagtman
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Correspondence to Marijn Créton.

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Créton, M., Cune, M.S., de Putter, C. et al. Dentofacial characteristics of patients with hypodontia. Clin Oral Invest 14, 467–477 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00784-009-0308-y

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00784-009-0308-y

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