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Weight loss with mindful eating in African American women following treatment for breast cancer: a longitudinal study

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Abstract

Purpose

Women with higher body mass index (BMI) following breast cancer (BC) treatment are at higher risk of BC recurrence and death than women of normal weight. African American (AA) BC patients have the highest risk of BC recurrence and gain more weight after diagnosis than their white counterparts. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the association between a mindful eating intervention and weight loss in AA women following chemotherapy for BC.

Methods

A single-group 24-week longitudinal pilot study with repeated measures was conducted. AA women (N = 22, BMI = 35.13 kg/m2, range = 27.08–47.21) with stage I–III BC who had finished active cancer treatment received a 12-week mindful eating intervention with individual dietary counseling and group mindfulness sessions, followed by bi-weekly telephone follow-up for 12 weeks. Linear mixed models were used to evaluate the effects of the intervention and of baseline mindfulness on the weight change over time.

Results

In the overall group (N = 22), MEQ scores increased over time (p = 0.001) while weight decreased over time (−0.887 kg, p = 0.015). Weight loss over time was associated with higher T1 MEQ scores (p = 0.043). Participants in the higher MEQ group (n = 11) at T1 experienced significant weight loss over time (−1.166 kg, p = 0.044), whereas those in the low MEQ (n = 11) did not lose weight. Participants who were diagnosed with stage 1 BC experienced significant weight loss over time (−7.909 kg, p = 0.014).

Conclusions

This study suggests that a mindful weight loss program may be effective for weight reduction and maintenance in some AA women who have completed treatment for BC, particularly those diagnosed with stage 1 BC and with initially higher mindful eating behaviors. Mindful weight loss program is proposed as a promising way in which to reduce obesity-related conditions in AA BC survivors.

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Funding source

This study was supported by KCA126849A NCI-Greenebaum Cancer Center K12 (Griffith, PI), Department of Veterans Affairs and Veterans Affairs (VA) Medical Center Baltimore Geriatric Research, Education and Clinical Center (GRECC), NIDDK Mid-Atlantic Nutrition Obesity Research Center (NIH P30 DK072488) Claude D. Pepper Older Americans Independence Center (P30-AG028747). Dr. Ryan was supported by a VA Research Career Scientist Award.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. University of Maryland School of Nursing, 655 W. Lombard Street, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA

    SeonYoon Chung, Shijun Zhu, Erika Friedmann, Catherine Kelleher & Kathleen A. Griffith

  2. Baltimore Veterans Administration Medical Center, 10 North Greene Street, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA

    Adriane Kozlovsky & Alice S. Ryan

  3. Division of Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine, Geriatric Research, Education, and Clinical Center (GRECC), University of Maryland School of Medicine, 10 North Greene Street, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA

    Adriane Kozlovsky & Alice S. Ryan

  4. The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins Hospital, 401 North Broadway, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA

    Karen W. Macfarlane

  5. University of Maryland School of Medicine and Greenebaum Cancer Center, 22 South Greene Street, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA

    Katherine H. R. Tkaczuk

Authors
  1. SeonYoon Chung
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  2. Shijun Zhu
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  3. Erika Friedmann
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  4. Catherine Kelleher
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  5. Adriane Kozlovsky
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  6. Karen W. Macfarlane
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  7. Katherine H. R. Tkaczuk
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  8. Alice S. Ryan
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  9. Kathleen A. Griffith
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Kathleen A. Griffith.

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Chung, S., Zhu, S., Friedmann, E. et al. Weight loss with mindful eating in African American women following treatment for breast cancer: a longitudinal study. Support Care Cancer 24, 1875–1881 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00520-015-2984-2

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00520-015-2984-2

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