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Therapie funktioneller Bauchschmerzen bei Kindern

Konzept, Akzeptanz und erste Pilotergebnisse einer hypnotherapeutisch-behavioralen Kurzintervention

Therapy of functional abdominal pain in childhood

Concept, acceptance and preliminary results of a short hypnotherapeutic-behavioural intervention

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Zusammenfassung

Hintergrund

Funktionelle Bauchschmerzen gehören zu den häufigsten Schmerzsyndromen im Kindesalter und gehen mit erheblichen Alltagsbeeinträchtigungen bzw. einer ungünstigen Langzeitprognose einher. Psychotherapeutische Behandlungsansätze sind vielversprechend, allerdings im deutschsprachigen Raum nur wenig verbreitet. Das Konzept und die Akzeptanz eines multimodalen Kurzzeitinterventionsprogramms werden beschrieben und eine erste Untersuchung der Wirksamkeit durchgeführt.

Material und Methoden

An der hypnotherapeutisch-behavioralen Kurzintervention „Sonne im Bauch“ nahmen 21 Kinder zwischen 6 und 12 Jahren und deren Eltern teil. Erste Ergebnisse zur Wirksamkeit (Katamnese bis 3 Monate) werden berichtet.

Ergebnisse

Teilnehmende Kinder zeigten einen Rückgang der Schmerzhäufigkeit und Alltagsbeeinträchtigung bzw. eine Zunahme gesundheitsbezogener Lebensqualität. Mit den Schmerzen einhergehende psychische Auffälligkeiten konnten reduziert werden. Inhalte und Rahmenbedingungen wurden von Kindern und Eltern als hilfreich und sinnvoll beschrieben.

Schlussfolgerung

Vorläufige Ergebnisse weisen darauf hin, dass bereits kurze psychotherapeutische Interventionen helfen könnten, betroffene Kinder effektiv zu unterstützen und ihre Eltern zu entlasten. Weitere Untersuchungen im Kontrollgruppendesign an stärker belasteten Kindern sollten folgen, um aussagekräftige Schlussfolgerungen ziehen zu können.

Abstract

Objective

Recurrent abdominal pain is one of the most frequent pain syndromes in childhood and is accompanied by notable functional impairment and unfavourable long-term outcome. Psychotherapeutic approaches are promising, but not widely used in Germany. The concept of a multimodal short-term intervention and its acceptance are described and preliminary results are reported.

Method

A total of 21 children aged 6–12 years and their parents participated in a hypnotherapeutic-behavioural short intervention program. Preliminary results on efficacy up to 3 months are reported.

Results

Participating children showed a decrease in pain frequency and daily impairment. Health-related quality of life also increased and associated mental problems could be reduced. Content and conditions of the intervention were rated as helpful by children and parents.

Conclusion

Preliminary results indicate that even short psychotherapeutic interventions might help affected children effectively and lower the burden felt by parents. Further investigations using a randomized controlled trial design and focussing on children suffering more severely should follow to allow major conclusions.

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  1. Fachbereich Psychologie, Arbeitsbereich Klinische Psychologie und Psychotherapie, Universität Tübingen, Schleichstr. 4, 72076, Tübingen, Deutschland

    M.D. Gulewitsch, J.S. Schauer, M. Hautzinger &  A.A. Schlarb

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  1. M.D. Gulewitsch
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  2. J.S. Schauer
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  3. M. Hautzinger
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  4. A.A. Schlarb
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Correspondence to A.A. Schlarb.

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Gulewitsch, M., Schauer, J., Hautzinger, M. et al. Therapie funktioneller Bauchschmerzen bei Kindern. Schmerz 26, 160–167 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00482-011-1139-8

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