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Antileukotrienes in adenotonsillar hypertrophy: a review of the literature

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Abstract

We assessed the use of antileukotrienes for treating adenotonsillar hypertrophy. We reviewed the current literature on the anatomy of adenotonsillar tissue, adenotonsillar hypertrophy/hyperplasia (and the associated pathophysiology and symptoms), and the effects of antileukotrienes used to treat adenotonsillar hypertrophy. Leukotrienes (LTs) are inflammatory mediators produced by a number of cell types, including mast cells, eosinophils, basophils, macrophages, and monocytes. There are several types (e.g., LTA4, LTB4, LTC4, LTD4, and LTE4). By competitive binding to the cysLT1 receptor, LT-receptor antagonist drugs such as montelukast, zafirlukast, and pranlukast block the effects of cySHLTs, improving the symptoms of some chronic respiratory diseases. High numbers of LT receptors have been found in the tonsils of children with obstructive sleep apnea. Antileukotrienes reduce the apnea–hypopnea index and adenotonsillar inflammation. Antileukotrienes may be useful for children with adenotonsillar hypertrophy due to their anti-inflammatory effects, which help to reduce adenotonsillar inflammation.

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Acknowledgments

“With the exception of data collection, preparation of this paper including design and planning was supported by Continuous Education and Scientific Research Association.” There was no financial support, but only scientific support.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. ENT Clinics, Kumluca State Hospital, Antalya, Turkey

    Murat Kar

  2. ENT Clinics, Tuzla State Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey

    Niyazi Altıntoprak

  3. Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Medical Faculty, Kirikkale University, Kirikkale, Turkey

    Nuray Bayar Muluk

  4. ENT Clinics, GOP Taksim Education and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey

    Seckin Ulusoy

  5. ENT Department, King Saud University, Riyad, Saudi Arabia

    Sameer Ali Bafaqeeh

  6. Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Medical Faculty, Eskisehir Osmangazi University, Eskisehir, Turkey

    Cemal Cingi

  7. Birlik Mahallesi, Zirvekent 2. Etap Sitesi, C-3 Blok, No: 6-3/43, 06610, Çankaya, Ankara, Turkey

    Nuray Bayar Muluk

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  1. Murat Kar
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  2. Niyazi Altıntoprak
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Correspondence to Nuray Bayar Muluk.

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Kar, M., Altıntoprak, N., Muluk, N.B. et al. Antileukotrienes in adenotonsillar hypertrophy: a review of the literature. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol 273, 4111–4117 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00405-016-3983-8

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00405-016-3983-8

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