Abstract
At the beginning of the twentieth century the transplantation or implantation of either human or animal testicular tissue was an appealing form of androgen therapy in hypogonadal and aging males. This article on the history of medicine discusses the work of the American urologist G. Frank Lydston from Chicago, who was a well-known and respected surgeon in the academic world and was involved in the early clinical trials of this procedure.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Barten EJ, Newling DW (1996) Transplantation of the testis; from the past to the present. Int J Androl 19:205–211
Brinkley JR (1922) The Brinkley operation. Sidney B. Flower, Chicago
Brown-Séquard CE (1889) The effects produced on man by subcutaneous injection of a liquid obtained from the testicles of animals. Lancet 137:105–107
Editorial (1912) What determines the development of the secondary sexual characters? JAMA 58:484
Editorial (1942) Climacteric in aging men. JAMA 118:458–460
Fishbein M (1927) The new medical follies. Boni and Liveright, New York
Hamilton D (1986) The monkey gland affair. Chatto & Windus, London
Herman JR (1982) Rejuvenation: Brown-Sequard to Brinkley: monkey glands to goat glands. NY State J Med 82:1731–1739
Hobermann JM, Yesalis CE (1995) The history of synthetic testosterone. Sci Am 272:76–81
Lespinasse VD (1913) Transplantation of the testicle. JAMA 61:1869–1870
Lichtenstern R (1924) Die Überpflanzung der männlichen Keimdrüse. Julius Springer, Wien
Lydston GF (1915) Sex gland implantation; some further experimental observations. NY Med J 51:601–608, 665–669
Lydston GF (1916) Sex gland implantation. JAMA 66:1540–1543
Lydston GF (1918) Cases showing remote results of testicle implantation. JAMA 70:907–908
Lydston GF (1919) Further observations on sex gland implantation. JAMA 72:396–398
Morris RT (1916) A case of testicle grafting with unexpected results. JAMA 67:741–742
Neaves WB, Billingham RE (1979) Transplantation of the testis. Transplantation 28:163–165
Pruitt V (2002) John R. Brinkley, Kansas physician, and the goat gland rejuvenation fad. Pharos Alpha Omega Alpha Honor Med Soc 65:33–39
Romm S (1983) Rejuvenation Revisited. Aesth Plast Surg 7:241–248
Schultheiss D, Denil J, Jonas U (1997) Rejuvenation in the early 20th century. Andrologia 29:351–355
Stanley LL, Kelker GD (1920) Testicle transplantation. JAMA 74:1501–1503
Stanley LL (1922) An analysis of one thousand testicular substance implantations. Endocrinology 6:787–794
Steinach E, Lichtenstern R (1918) Umstimmung der Homosexualität durch Austausch der Pubertätsdrüsen. Münch Med Wochenschrift 6:145–147
Steinach E (1920) Verjüngung durch experimentelle Neubelebung der alternden Pubertätsdrüse. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, New York
Steinach E (1940) Sex and life: forty years of biological and medical experiments. Faber and Faber, London
Thorek M (1943) A surgeon’s world. Lippincott, Philadelphia
Trimmer EJ (1967) Rejuvenation: the history of an idea. Robert Hale, London
Voronoff S (1920) Testicular grafting from ape to man. Brentanos, London
Voronoff S (1941) Current biography. HW Wilson, New York
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Schultheiss, D., Engel, R.M. G. Frank Lydston (1858–1923) revisited: androgen therapy by testicular implantation in the early twentieth century. World J Urol 21, 356–363 (2003). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00345-003-0370-z
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00345-003-0370-z