Abstract
This study aimed to investigate changes experienced by children during the pre- and postoperative periods of prominent ear corrective surgery. A total of 30 patients with prominent ears, sometimes called “lop ears” or “cup ears,” ranging in age from 6 to 14 years were consecutively enrolled in this study. Half of the patients (n = 15, 50%) were male. The inclusion criteria specified children with prominent ears and reports of evident anatomic deformity. Clinical evaluations, routine laboratory tests, and interviews were performed in the pre- and postoperative periods. To assess the dissatisfaction or social maladjustment caused by the prominent ears, questionnaires, which are used routinely in psychological and psychiatric practices, were applied in the pre- and postoperative periods. The tests used were the Child Behavior Check List, the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory for Children, and the Children’s Depression Inventory. The patients themselves and their parents or guardians reported improvements in terms of anatomic aspect. For the psychological tests, improvements in almost all the assessed items were observed. In conclusion, psychological problems caused by anatomic deformities, such as prominent ears, can be improved by adequate corrective surgery. Psychological support is necessary for the patients.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Amaro JWF (1981) Aspectos psicológicos e psicossociais da cirurgia reparadora. In: Sucena RC (ed) Cirurgia Plástica. Roca: São Paulo, pp 95–169
Guyuron B, DeLuca L (1997) Ear projection and the posterior auricular muscle insertion. Plast Reconstr Surg 100:60–457
Bradbury E, Hewison J, Timmons MJ (1992) Psychological and social outcome of prominent ear correction in children. Br J Plast Surg 45:97–100
Bradbury E (1994) The psychology of an aesthetic plastic surgery Aesth Plast Surg 18:301–305
Klassen A, Jenkinson C, Fritzpatrick R, Goodacre T (1996) Patients’ health-related quality of life before and after aesthetic surgery. Br J Plast Surg 49:433–438
Sarwer DB, Pertschuk MJ, Wadden TA, Whitaker LA (1998) Psychological investigation in cosmetic surgery: a look back and a look ahead. Plast Reconstr Surg 101:1136–1142
Sarwer DB, Wadden TA, Pertschuk MJ, Whitaker LA (1998) The psychology of cosmetic surgery: a review and reconceptualization. Clin Psychol Rev 18:1–22
Hasan JS (2000) Psychological issues in cosmetic surgery: a functional overview. Ann Plast Surg 44:90–96
Wallander JL, Thompson Jr RJ (1995) Psychosocial adjustment of children with chronic physical conditions In: Roberts MC (ed) Handbook of Pediatric Psychology. 2nd ed. Guilford: New York, pp 124–141
Gavin LA, Wamboldt MZ, Sorokin N, Levy SI, Wamboldt FS (1999) Treatment alliance and its association with family outcome in adolescents with severe chronic asthma. J Pediatric Psychol 24:355–365
Salomão Jr JB (2001) Competência Social e Transtornos Comportamentais em Crianças Portadoras de Asma Moderada e grave (dissertação). São José do Rio Preto, Faculdade de Medicina de São José do Rio Preto
Bordin IAS, Mari JJE, Caeirom F (1995) Validação versão brasileira do “Child Behavior Check List” (CBCL) (Inventário de comportamento da infância e adolescência): Dados Preliminares. Rev ABP–APAL 17:55–66
Biaggio AMB (1983) Inventário de Ansiedade Traço–Estado–Idate C: Manual Para Forma Experimental Infantil em Português. Traduzido e adaptado de Charles D. Spielberger. Cepa,Rio de Janeiro, pp 1–36
Golfeto JH, Veiga MH, De Souza L, Barbeiro C (2000) Propriedades psicométricas do inventário depressão infantil (CDI) aplicado em uma amostra de escolares de Ribeirão Preto. Rev Psiquiatria Clín 29:1–6
Gouveia VV, Barbosa GA, De Almeida HJF, Gaião AA (1995) Inventário da depressão infantil–CDI: Estudo de adaptação com escolares de João Pessoa. J Brasileiro Psiquiatria 44:345–349
Thomassim JM, Magalon G, Bardot J, Braccini F (2000) Chirurgie des oreilles décollées. Encycl Med Chir 45(527):1–16
Avelar JM, Malbec EF (1990) História, Ciência y Arte en Cirurgia Estética. São Paulo, Hipócrates, pp 3–49
Avelar JM (1989) Deformidades auriculares. In: Avelar JM (ed) Cirurgia Plástica na Infância. Hipócrates: São Paulo, pp. 279–384
Avelar JM, Anger A (1989) Aspectos psicológicos do paciente infantil em cirurgia. In: Avelar JM (ed) Cirurgia Plástica na Infância. Hipócrates: São Paulo, pp 3–6
Ohjimi H, Shioya N, Jun I (1988) The role of psychiatry in aesthetic surgery. Aesth Plast Surg 12:187–190
Reich J (1975) Factors influencing patient satisfaction with the results of aesthetic plastic surgery. Plast Reconstr Surg 55:117
Góis A, Mena F, Werneck G (2003) Amiguinho da onça. Folha-Teen Folha de São Paulo: São Paulo, pp 6–7
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Gasques, J.Á.L., Pereira de Godoy, J.M. & Cruz, E.M.T.N. Psychosocial Effects of Otoplasty in Children with Prominent Ears. Aesth Plast Surg 32, 910–914 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00266-008-9179-x
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00266-008-9179-x