Effect of antihypertensive treatment with valsartan or atenolol on sexual activity and plasma testosterone in hypertensive men

Abstract

Objective. To compare the effects of valsartan and atenolol on sexual activity and plasma testosterone in newly diagnosed, previously untreated, essential hypertensive male subjects.

Methods. One hundred and ten hypertensive men, aged 40–49 years, homogeneous for marital status and without any previous sexual dysfunction were randomly treated with valsartan 80 mg daily (o.d.) or atenolol 50 mg o.d. for 16 weeks according to a double-blind, parallel-arm study design. After 8 weeks the dose was doubled in the non-responders (diastolic blood pressure >90 mmHg). Clinical evaluation was performed after 8 weeks and 16 weeks of treatment and included blood pressure and plasma testosterone measurements and the compilation of a questionnaire about sexual activity (sexual intercourse episodes/month).

Results. Despite similar blood pressure lowering, atenolol significantly reduced sexual activity (from 6.0 sexual intercourse episodes/month to 4.2 sexual intercourse episodes/month, P<0.01 vs placebo), whereas valsartan increased it, although not significantly (from 5.8 sexual intercourse episodes/month to 7.4 sexual intercourse episodes/month, P=0.058), compared with placebo, but significantly compared with the atenolol group (P<0.05). Testosterone was reduced by atenolol (from 18.2 nmol/l to 13.8 nmol/l, P<0.01 vs baseline) but was not affected by valsartan (from 17.6 nmol/l to 18.3 nmol/l).

Conclusions. These results suggest that atenolol induces a worsening of sexual activity and a reduction of testosterone, whereas valsartan does not worsen sexual activity and does not change testosterone levels.