Abstract
Introduction and hypothesis
This study investigated the effect of sitting and non-sitting postures on uroflowmetric parameters and postvoid residual urine (PVR) and women's preferred voiding posture.
Methods
Female university students (N = 45) voided on a modified sitting-type toilet in three postures: sitting, semi-squatting, and crouching over. Data on uroflowmetric measures were collected using a weight transducer urodynamic device and PVR was estimated by transabdominal ultrasound.
Results
Voiding in the three postures did not differ in terms of PVR and five of six uroflowmetric outcomes. However, “delay time to void” was significantly longer while semi-squatting than while sitting and crouching over. Furthermore, 51.1% of women had bell-shaped urinary flow curves while sitting, whereas only 22.2% and 17.8% did while semi-squatting and crouching over, respectively. Most women (88.9%) preferred a non-sitting posture when using a public sitting-type toilet.
Conclusions
Women's preferred non-sitting void posture on public sitting-type toilet should be a concern.
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Acknowledgements
This research was supported by China Medical University (CMU 95-207), Taiwan, Republic of China, where the corresponding author (SYC) previously served. The authors also wish to express their greatest gratitude to the study participants for their time and Dr. Wen-Ming Liang for her statistical advice.
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Yang, KN., Chen, SC., Chen, SY. et al. Female voiding postures and their effects on micturition. Int Urogynecol J 21, 1371–1376 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00192-010-1204-3
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00192-010-1204-3