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Lebensqualität bei Multipler Sklerose

Messinstrumente, Bedeutung, Probleme und Perspektiven

Quality of life in multiple sclerosis

Measures, relevance, problems, and perspectives

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Zusammenfassung

Die Erfassung von Lebensqualität (LQ) hat bei Patienten mit Multipler Sklerose (MS) einen zunehmenden Stellenwert erhalten sowohl für eine komplexe intraindividuelle Verlaufserfassung unter symptomatischer, rehabilitativer oder immunologischer Therapie wie auch beim Vergleich von MS-Betroffenen mit Gesunden oder Patienten mit anderen Erkrankungen als auch unter pharmakoökonomischen Aspekten. Vielfältige Testverfahren sind verfügbar: allgemeine Tests wie Short Form SF-36 und Sickness Impact Profile, krankheitsspezifische wie MSQoL-54, Functional Assessment of MS (FAMS) oder Hamburg Quality of Life Assessment in MS (HAQUAMS) und patientengenerierte Messinstrumente wie Patient Generated Index (PGI) und Schedule for the Evolution of Individual Quality of Life Direct Weighting (SEIQoL-DW). Wichtige Einflussfaktoren der LQ sind Depressivität, kognitive Einschränkungen und Fatigue. Da Tests durchaus unterschiedliche Facetten der LQ erfassen, soll unsere Übersicht bei der Auswahl helfen, MS-Patienten mit ihren Bedürfnissen besser zu verstehen und ihnen auch beim Entwickeln von Zukunftsperspektiven, Therapieentscheidungen oder im Extremfall einer palliativmedizinischen Intervention ein hilfreicher ärztlicher Partner zu sein.

Summary

Measuring quality of life (QOL) has made essential contributions for the management of patients with multiple sclerosis (MS). QOL measures may be used for helping to assess the complex changes which patients with MS have to go through during the disease trajectory, and they may be used for pharmacoeconomic research. The large number of tests available includes generic ones such as Short Form SF-36 and Sickness Impact Profile, health-related ones such as MSQOL-54, FAMS, or HAQUAMS, and patient generated measures such as the Patient Generated Index and SEIQOL-DW. Depression, cognitive impairment, and fatigue are important factors influencing QOL. Since the different tests measure quite different facets of QOL, this review intends to help the reader select a tool suited to the aim and specific question. It is hoped that QOL measures may help to better understand patients, to become a more helpful medical partner, to assist patients to develop perspectives for their future, and to decide about therapies or even palliative interventions.

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  1. Marianne-Strauß-Klinik, Berg

    W. Pöllmann & C. Busch

  2. Institut für klinische Neuroimmunologie, Klinikum Großhadern der LMU, München

    R. Voltz

  3. Marianne-Strauß-Klinik, Milchberg 21, 82335, Berg, Deutschland

    W. Pöllmann

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Pöllmann, W., Busch, C. & Voltz, R. Lebensqualität bei Multipler Sklerose . Nervenarzt 76, 154–169 (2005). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00115-004-1790-8

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