Zusammenfassung
Die Mind-Body-Medicine (MBM) wird als ein ganzheitlicher Ansatz vorgestellt, dessen Entwicklung von der physiologischen und psychologischen Stressforschung, von der Psychoneuro(endokrino)immunologie sowie von Antonovskys salutogenetischem Paradigma beeinflusst wurde und wird. Das der MBM zugrunde liegende Menschenbild versucht, sowohl körperliche und psychische als auch soziale und spirituelle Aspekte des Menschseins zu berücksichtigen. Die sich in Deutschland etablierende integrative Medizin stellt eine Synthese aus konventionell bewährter Medizin, MBM sowie europäischer und außereuropäischer Naturheilkunde dar. Der Artikel zeichnet historische Entwicklungen nach, gibt eine kurze Übersicht über Wirkungsevidenzen und stellt deutschsprachige klinische Zentren der MBM vor. An der Klinik und dem Lehrstuhl für Naturheilkunde und Integrative Medizin der Alfried Krupp von Bohlen und Halbach Stiftung an der Universität Duisburg-Essen wurde die MBM schwerpunktmäßig in das Konzept der Integrativen Medizin eingefügt und wird aktuell wissenschaftlich evaluiert. Vor dem Hintergrund der steigenden Kosten im Gesundheitssystem bietet die MBM Entwicklungspotenzial für die lebensstilorientierte Kuration und Prävention.
Abstract
Mind-body medicine (MBM) as a holistic approach to health and healing has been shaped by research into stress physiology and stress psychology, by psychoneuro(endocrino)immunology and by Antonovsky‘s salutogenetic paradigm. MBM seeks to acknowledge physical, psychological as well as social and spiritual aspects of human beings. MBM constitutes one of the traditions, which the emerging field of integrative medicine in Germany draws upon, others being mainstream medicine, traditional European naturopathy and non-European methods like traditional Chinese medicine. The article outlines historical aspects of MBM, gives a brief review of research evidence, and introduces clinical MBM institutes in Germany. Especially the Clinic and Chair of Complementary and Integrative Medicine, Alfried Krupp von Bohlen und Halbach Foundation at the University Duisburg-Essen has been integrating MBM into the concept of integrative medicine. Considering that a growing number of health issues arises due to maladaptive lifestyles, MBM is being identified as a development that supports a shift from increasingly expensive treatments to more cost-effective preventive approaches.
References
Sobel DS (2000) Mind matters, money matters:the cost-effectiveness of mind-body medicine. JAMA 284:1705
Friedman R, Sedler M, Myers P, Benson H (1997) Behavioral medicine, complementary medicine and integrated care. Economic implications. Prim Care Dec 24(4):949–962, Review
National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine, Zugriff 12.1.06. http:// nccam.nih.gov/health/backgrounds/mindbody. htm
Cannon WB (1932) The wisdom of the body. Norton, New York
Selye H (1956) The stress of life. McGraw-Hill, New York
Lazarus RS (1966) Psychological stress and the coping process. New York London Sydney
Benson H (1976) The relaxation response. Avon Books, New York
Kabat-Zinn J, Lipworth L, Burney R, Sellers W (1986) Four year follow-up of a meditation-based program for the self-regulation of chronic pain:Treatment outcomes and compliance. Clin J Pain 2:159–173
Kabat-Zinn J, Massion AO, Kristeller J et al. (1992) Effectiveness of a meditation-based stress reduction program in the treatment of anxiety disorders. Am J Psychiatry 149:936–943
Ockene J, Sorensen G, Kabat-Zinn J et al. (1988) Benefits and costs of lifestyle change to reduce risk of chronic disease. Preventive Med 17:224–234
Davidson R et al. (2003) Alterations in brain and immune function produced by mindfulness meditation. Psychosom Med 65:564–570
Esch T, Stefano GB, Fricchione GL, Benson H (2002) Stress-related diseases – a potential role for nitric oxide. Med Sci Monit 8(6):RA103–118
Dusek JA, Bei-Hung C, Jamil Z et al. (2006) Association between oxygen consumption and nitric oxide production during the relaxation response Med Sci Monit 12(1):CR1–10
Ader R, Cohen N (1975) Behaviorally conditioned immunosuppression. Psychosom Med 37(4):333–340
Richter SD, Schurmeyer TH, Schedlowski M et al. (1996) Time kinetics of the endocrine response to acute psychological stress. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 81(5):1956–1960
Takkouche B, Regueira C, Gestal-Otero JJ (2001) A cohort study of stress and the common cold. Epidemiology 12(3):345–349
Cohen S, Tyrrell DA, Smith AP (1991) Psychological stress and susceptibility to the common cold. N Engl J Med 29; 325(9):606–612
Kiecolt-Glaser JK, Toovey E, McDonald (1995) A slowing of wound healing by psychological stress. Lancet 346:1194–1196
Antonovsky A (1987) Unraveling the mystery of health. How people manage stress and stay well. Jossey-Bass Publ., San Francisco London
Ornish D, Scherwitz LW, Billings JH et al. (1998) Intensive lifestyle changes for reversal of coronary heart disease. JAMA 16; 280(23):2001–2007
Michalsen A, Grossman P, Lehmann N et al. (2005) Psychological and quality-of-life outcomes from a comprehensive stress reduction and lifestyle program in patients with coronary artery disease:results of a randomized trial. Psychother Psychosom 74(6):344–352
Hellman CJ, Budd M, Borysenko J et al. (1990) A study of the effectiveness of two group behavioral medicine interventions for patients with psychosomatic complaints. Behav Med 16(4):165–173
Saxe GA, Hebert JR, Carmody JF et al. (2001) Can diet in conjunction with stress reduction affect the rate of increase in prostate specific antigen after biochemical recurrence of prostate cancer? J Urol 166(6):2202–2207
Spahn G, Lehmann N, Franken U et al. (2003) Improvement of fatigue and role function of cancer patients after an outpatient integrative mind/body intervention. FACT
Hüther G (2001) Bedienungsanleitung für ein menschliches Gehirn. Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, Göttingen
Dörner K (2003) Der gute Arzt. Lehrbuch der ärztlichen Grundhaltung. Schattauer, Stuttgart
Astin JA (1997) Stress reduction through mindfulness meditation. Effects on psychological symtomatology, sense of control and spiritual experience. Psychother Psychosom 66:97–106
Härtel U, Volger E (2004) Inanspruchnahme und Akzeptanz klassischer Naturheilverfahren und alternativer Heilmethoden in Deutschland – Ergebnisse einer repräsentativen Bevöl kerungsstudie. Forschende Komplementärmed Klassische Naturheilkunde 11:327–334
Elsenbruch S, Langhorst J, Popkirowa K et al. (2005) Effects of mind-body therapy on quality of life and neuroendocrine and cellular immune functions in patients with ulcerative colitis. Psychother Psychosom 74(5):277–287
Schwickert M, Hoffmann B, Moebus S et al. (2006) Lebensqualität bei Migräne – Beobachtungsstudie eines naturheilkundlichen Ansatzes (im Druck)
Linden W, Chambers L (1994) Clinical effectiveness of non-drug treatment for hypertension:a metaanalysis. Ann Behav Med 16:35–45
Dusseldorp E, van Elderen T, Maes S et al. (1999) A meta-analysis of psychoeduational programs for coronary heart disease patients. Health Psychol 18:506–519
Linden W, Stossel C, Maurice J (1996) Psychosocial interventions for patients with coronary artery disease:a meta-analysis. Arch Intern Med 156:745–752
Meyer TJ, Mark MM (1995) Effects of psychosocial interventions with adult cancer patients:a metaanalysis of randomized experiments. Health Psychol 14:101–108
Weatherall M (1999) Biofeedback or pelvic floor muscle exercises for female genuine stress incontinence:a meta-analysis of trials identified in a systematic review. BJU Int 83:1015–1016
Devine EC (1992) Effects of psychoeducational care for adult surgical patients:a meta-analysis of 191 studies. Patient Educ Couns 19:129–42
Johnston M, Vogele C (1993) Benefits of psychological preparation for surgery:a metaanalysis. Ann Behav Med 15:245–256
Murtagh DR, Greenwod KM (1995) Identifying effective psychological treatments for insomnia:a meta-analysis. J Consult Clin Psychol 63:79–89
Haddock CK, Rowan AB, Andrasik F et al. (1997) Home-based behavioral treatments for chronic benign headache:a metaanalysis of controlled trials. Cephalalgia 17:113–118
Holroyd KA, Penzien DB (1990) Pharmacological versus non-pharmacological prophylaxis of recurrent migraine headache:a meta-analytic review of clinical trials. Pain 42:1–13
van Tulder MW, Ostelo R, Vlaeyen JW et al. (2000) Behavioral treatment for chronic low back pain:a systematic review within the framework of the Cochrane Back Review Group. Spine 25:2688–2699
Superio-Cabuslay E, Ward MM, Lorig KR (1996) Patient education interventions in osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis:a meta-analytic comparison with nonsteroidal antiin.ammatory drug treatment. Arthritis Care Res 9:292–301
Astin JA, Shapiro S, Eisenberg DM, Forys KL (2003) Mind-Body Medicine:State of the Science, Implications for Practice. JABFP 16(2):131–147
Virtualisierte Unternehmen und Life-Style Management. Abschlussbericht des BMBFVerbundprojekts. Bochum:IAI (2006)
Deckro GR, Ballinger KM, Hoyt M et al. (2002) The evaluation of a mind/body intervention to reduce psychological distress and perceived stress in college students. J Am Coll Health 50(6):281–287
Shapiro, Shauna L, Schwartz GE, Bonner G (1998) Effects of mindfulness-based stress reduction on medical and premedical students. J Behav Med 6(21):581–599
Prochaska JO, Di Clemente JO, Velicer WF, Rossi JS (1992) Criticisms and concerns of the transtheoretical model in light of recent research. in:Br J Addict 87(6):825–828; Discussion, pp 833–835. Review
Lippke S, Ziegelmann JP, Mertens F (2005) Compliancesteigerung durch phasenspezifische Intervention. In:Petermann F, Ehlebracht-König I (Hrsg) Motivierung, Krankheitsbewältigung und Compliance. Roderer, Regensburg
Miller WR, Rollnick S (2002) Motivational interviewing:Preparing people for change, 2nd edn. Guilford Press, New York
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Dobos, G., Altner, N., Lange, S. et al. Mind-Body Medicine als Bestandteil der Integrativen Medizin. Bundesgesundheitsbl. 49, 723–728 (2006). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00103-006-0001-0
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00103-006-0001-0