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Patronen van acculturatie en probleemgedrag bij Marokkaanse jongeren in Nederland

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Nederlands tijdschrift voor de psychologie en haar grensgebieden

Samenvatting

In onze huidige samenleving is inzicht in het effect van migratie op probleemgedrag zeer relevant. Eerder onderzoek wees uit dat acculturatie een van de factoren is die het psychisch welbevinden van migranten beïnvloedt. Het doel van dit artikel was het verkrijgen van inzicht in de patronen van acculturatie in een populatie van Marokkaanse jongeren in Nederland en in de relatie tussen deze acculturatiepatronen en probleemgedrag. Gebruik is gemaakt van 387 interviews met jongeren en 376 interviews met ouders. De data zijn afkomstig uit een groter onderzoek onder kinderen in de leeftijd van vier tot en met achttien van wie ten minste één ouder is geboren in Marokko. De kinderen werden geselecteerd aan de hand van een aselecte steekproef uit de gemeentebestanden van Rotterdam en Den Haag. Aan de hand van een latente klasse analyse werden drie klassen geïdentificeerd van jongeren met een zelfde acculturatiepatroon. De eerste klasse bestond uit jongeren die zich gemiddeld verbonden voelen met Nederlanders en Marokkanen (ambivalent geaccultureerde klasse); de tweede klasse uit jongeren die zich sterk verbonden voelen met Marokkanen én Nederlanders (geïntegreerde klasse). Daarnaast werd een klasse van jongeren geïdentificeerd die zich sterk verbonden voelen met Marokkanen en weinig met Nederlanders (gesepareerde klasse). Ambivalent geaccultureerde meisjes vertoonden aanzienlijk meer probleemgedrag dan geïntegreerde en gesepareerde meisjes; voor jongens werd geen verband gevonden tussen acculturatie en probleemgedrag.

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    Gonneke W. J. M. Stevens

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  1. Gonneke W. J. M. Stevens
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  2. Wilma A. M. Vollebergh
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  3. Trees V. M. Pels
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  4. Alfons A. M. Crijnen
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* Universiteit Leiden, Afdeling Orthopedagogiek; Erasmus mc/So­phia, Afdeling Kinder- en Jeugdpsychiatrie, Rotterdam. Postbus 9555, 2300 rb Leiden, e-mail: gstevens@fsw.leidenuniv.nl.

** Universiteit Leiden, Afdeling Orthopedagogiek, Trimbos-instituut, Utrecht.

*** Verwey-Jonker Instituut, Utrecht.

**** Erasmus mc/Sophia, Afdeling Kinder- en Jeugdpsychiatrie, Rotterdam.

Ontvangen: 9 mei 2005; geaccepteerd: 14 september 2005.

Ontvangen: 9 mei 2005; geaccepteerd: 14 september 2005.

Stevens, G.W.J.M., Vollebergh, W.A.M., Pels, T.V.M., & Crijnen, A.A.M. (2005). Patterns of acculturation and problem behavior in Moroccan adolescents in the Netherlands. Nederlands Tijdschrift voor de Psychologie, 60, 163-173.

In current western societies, gaining insight in the effect of migration on psychological development is very important. The influence of acculturation (i.e., the adherence to the culture of origin and orientation to the cultural mainstream) on problem behavior has been pointed out by several authors. The aim of this study was to provide insight into the patterns of acculturation in a population of Moroccan adolescents in the Netherlands and into the relation between these acculturation patterns and problem behavior. For this paper, we used data of 387 interviews with adolescents and 376 interviews with parents. The data originated from a larger study for which children, aged 4 through 18 with at least one parent born in Morocco, were randomly selected from municipal registers of two of the four largest cities in the Netherlands, The Hague and Rotterdam. Using a latent class analysis, three classes of adolescents with similar patterns of acculturation were revealed. The first class consisted of adolescents who were moderately attached to Moroccan and Dutch people (the ambivalent acculturation class); the second class consisted of adolescents who were highly attached to Moroccan and Dutch people (the integrated acculturation class). The third acculturation class was characterized by a high attachment to Moroccan and low attachment to Dutch people. Ambivalently acculturated girls showed more problem behavior than the integrated and separated girls. For boys, no effects of acculturation on problem behavior were found.

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Stevens, G.W.J.M., Vollebergh, W.A.M., Pels, T.V.M. et al. Patronen van acculturatie en probleemgedrag bij Marokkaanse jongeren in Nederland. NETP 60, 153–163 (2005). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03062353

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