Abstract
Two cases of congenital cytomegalovirus infection associated with autism are reported. The viral hypothesis of autism is discussed along with a brief review of the literature. Suggestions are made for future research.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Chess, S. (1971). Autism in children with congential rubella.Journal of Autism and Childhood Schizophrenia, 1, 33–47.
DeLong, G. R., Bean, C. S., & Brown, F. R., III. (1981). Acquired reversible autistic syndrome in acute encephalopathic illness in children.Archives of Neurology, 38, 191–194.
DeMyer, M. K., Barton, S., Alpern, G. D., Kimberlin, C., Allen, J., Yang, E., & Steele, R. (1974). The measured intelligence of autistic children.Journal of Autism and Childhood Schizophrenia, 4, 42–60.
Desmond, M. M., Wilson, G. S., Verniaud, W. M., Melnick, J. L., & Rawls, W. E. (1970). The early growth and development of infants with congenital rubella.Advances in Teratology, 4, 39–63.
Folstein, S., & Rutter, M. (1977). Infantile autism: A genetic study of 21 twin pairs.Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 18, 297–321.
Knobloch, H., & Pasamanick, B. (1974). Autistic, psychotic and other disturbed behavior. In H. Knobloch & B. Pasamanick (Eds.),Gesell and Amatruda's developmental diagnosis (3rd ed., pp. 320–339). New York: Harper & Row.
Lotter, V. (1967). Epidemiology of autistic conditions in young children II. Some characteristics of the parents and children.Social Psychiatry, 1, 163–173.
Peterson, M. R., & Torrey, E. F. (1976). Viruses and other infectious agents as behavioral teratogens. In M. Coleman (Ed.),The autistic syndromes (pp. 23–42). New York: American Elsevier.
Reynolds, D. W., Stagno, S., Stubbs, K. G., Dahle, A. J., Livingston, M. M., Saxon, S. S., & Alford, C. A. (1974). Inapparent congenital cytomegalovirus infection with elevated cord IgM levels.New England Journal of Medicine, 290, 291–296.
Rutter, M., & Lockyer, L. (1967). A five to fifteen year follow-up study of infantile psychosis I. Description of sample.British Journal of Psychiatry, 113, 1169–1182.
Shafritz, D. A., Shouval, D., Sherman, H. I., Hadziyannis, S. J., & Kew, M. C. (1981). Integration of hepatitis B virus DNA into genome of liver cells in chronic liver disease and hepatocellular carcinoma.New England Journal of Medicine, 305, 1067–1073.
Stubbs, E. G. (1978). Autistic symptoms in child with congenital cytomegalovirus infection.Journal of Autism and Childhood Schizophrenia, 8, 37–43.
Williams, R. S., Hauser, S. L., Purpura, D. P., DeLong, R., & Swisher, C. (1980). Autism and mental retardation: Neuropathologic studies performed in 4 retarded persons with autistic behavior.Archives of Neurology, 37, 749–753.
Young, J. G., Caparulo, B. K., Shaywitz, B. A., Johnson, W. T., & Cohen, D. J. (1977). Childhood autism: Cerebrospinal fluid examination and immunoglobulin levels.Journal of Child Psychiatry, 16, 174–179.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Additional information
The authors wish to thank Ms. Barbara Carson and Ms. Cheris Owens for typing the manuscript.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Stubbs, E.G., Ash, E. & Williams, C.P.S. Autism and congenital cytomegalovirus. J Autism Dev Disord 14, 183–189 (1984). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02409660
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02409660