Abstract
Relationships between socioeconomic status, locus of control, self-concept, and academic achievement were explored in secondary school pupils in the Mmabatho area of Bophuthalswana (Southern Africa). The analyses of data revealed the following: (a) both male and female Batswana adolescents were found significantly more externally oriented when compared against the normative data provided by Nowicki-Strickland (1973); (b) socioeconomic status was significantly positively associated with internality, self-concept, and academic achievement in English; (c) externality was significantly negatively related to self-concept and achievement in English; (d) self-concept was significantly positively correlated to measures of achievement in English and mathematics; and (e) mathematics achievement of male students was significantly higher than female ones.
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Maqsud, M., Rouhani, S. Relationships between socioeconomic status, locus of control, self-concept, and academic achievement of batswana adolescents. J Youth Adolescence 20, 107–114 (1991). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01537354
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01537354