Abstract
This article reports on a study designed to investigate the nature of compulsive-like buying behavior in the general consumer population. A previously tested compulsive buying scale was administered to a sample of 190 consumers. As predicted by the hypotheses, compulsive buying tendencies correlate negatively with self-esteem and positively with the extent of irrational credit card usage. Several other findings are reported and discussed. Thus women are shown to be higher on compulsive buying than men. Also, compuslive buying tendencies correlate negatively with age and positively with one's susceptibility to social influence. Finally, the data suggest that early consumption experiences may affect significantly the extent of compulsive-like buying behavior. Areas where further research should be done are identified.
Zusammenfassung
Der Beitrag faßt das Phänomen zwanghaften Kaufverhaltens als generellen Drang zum Einkaufen auf, der in unterschiedlicher Intensität auftreten kann und deshalb zwischen verschiedenen Konsumenten und zwischen verschiedenen Zeiten differenzieren kann. Nach diesem Verständnis empfinden zwanghafte Käufer einfach während der meisten Zeit ein höheres Ausmaß dieses Dranges. Berichtet wird allerdings über eine Studie, die zwanghafte Aspekte des üblichen Konsumentenverhaltens untersuchen will. Dazu wurde die von Valence, d'Astous und Fortier (1988) entwickelte Skala zur Erfassung zwanghaften Kaufverhaltens einer Stichprobe von 190 Konsumenten vorgelegt.
Die Ergebnisse bestätigen die Hypothesen, daß die Tendenz zu zwanghaftem Kaufverhalten negativ mit Selbsteinschätzung und positiv mit unvernünftigem Gebrauch von Kreditkarten korreliert. Gerade dieses letzte Ergebnis weist auf die Notwendigkeit hin, anfällige Konsumenten über die potentiellen Gefahren von Kreditkarten zu informieren.
Einige weitere Ergebnisse: Frauen haben eine stärkere Neigung zu zwanghaftem Kaufen als Männer. Gründe dafür können in der Tatsache liegen, daß Frauen generell mehr Einkaufsgelegenheiten haben, die zudem wichtige Gelegenheiten für Sozialkontakte darstellen können. — Die Neigung zu zwanghaftem Kaufen korreliert negativ mit dem Alter (, was mit anderen Befunden der Verbrauchersozialisationsforschung in Einklang steht,) und positiv mit der individuellen Empfänglichkeit für Umgebungseinflüsse, was mit einer sozialen Anpassungsfunktion des Kaufens erklärt werden kann. — Schließlich führen die Daten zu der Vermutung, daß frühe Kauferfahrungen das spätere Ausmaß zwanghafter Kauftendenzen signifikant beeinflussen können.
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Additional information
Alain d'Astous is Professor of Marketing at the Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada, J1K 2R1. The author would like to thank Sylvie Tremblay for her help in the data collection and analysis phases of this study and an anonymous reviewer for useful comments. Portions of this article were presented at the XVIIIth Annual Conference of the European Marketing Academy, Athens, Greece, April 18–21, 1989.
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d'Astous, A. An inquiry into the compulsive side of “normal” consumers. J Consum Policy 13, 15–31 (1990). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00411867
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00411867