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Some methods and parameters of body sway quantification and their neurological applications

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Summary

Methods and parameters are described to quantify body sway as measured by a force-transducing platform. Analogue data representing the coordinates of the body's center of force (COF) are fed into a digital computer. The following parameters are then calculated and tested for their diagnostic significance: sway path (SP), mean amplitude of sway (MA), mean sway frequency (MF), their lateral and sagittal components, and the quotients sagittal/lateral of these as well as the sway area (SA) circumscribed by the COF. Quotients of eyes open/eyes closed for all these parameters determine the visual stabilization of posture. Sway position and sway direction histograms allow for a more detailed analysis of MA and SP. Despite considerable inter and intraindividual variance of these parameters (in 28 normals), some of them seem of clinical significance not only for documentation and follow-up studies but also for differential diagnosis.

In patients with cerebellar lesions (n=12), SP and MA were up to 10 times larger with a marked antero-posterior instability, MF being above normal. Patients with labyrinthine lesions (n=10) showed significant instability only with eyes closed, MF being slightly below normal.

Zusammenfassung

Es werden Methodik und Parameter für eine quantitative Auswertung der Standunruhe bei Kranken und Gesunden beschrieben. Aus den Analogsignalen einer Kraftmeßplattform werden die folgenden Daten über die Bewegungen des Körperkraftschwerpunktes digital errechnet: Schwingungsweg (SP), dessen mittlere Amplitude (MA), mittlere Frequenz (MF), die lateralen und sagittalen Komponenten, deren Quotienten und die von den Körperschwankungen umschlossene Fläche (SA). Quotienten der Werte bei offenen und geschlossenen Augen beschreiben die visuelle Standstabilisation. Positions- und Richtungshistogramme dokumentieren zusätzlich die Vorzugsrichtungen der Körperunruhe.

Eine Analyse der Signifikanz dieser Parameter zeigte trotz großer Varianz bei Normalen deren klinische Brauchbarkeit. Patienten mit Kleinhirnerkrankungen (vorwiegend des Vorderlappens) zeigen bis zu 10mal höhere Werte, z. B. für MA und SP vorwiegend in sagittaler Richtung und eine erhöhte mittlere Frequenz (MF), während Patienten mit weitgehend kompensierten Vestibularisläsionen nur bei geschlossenen Augen vermehrt schwanken, wobei MF erniedrigt ist.

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This work was supported by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft SFB 70 (Hirnforschung und Sinnesphysiologie)

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Hufschmidt, A., Dichgans, J., Mauritz, K.H. et al. Some methods and parameters of body sway quantification and their neurological applications. Arch. Psychiat. Nervenkr. 228, 135–150 (1980). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00365601

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