Abstract
China’s economic success in the past decades has been partly fueled by the unprecedentedly large-scale internal migration of the rural labor force to urban areas. The rapid development in urban areas is paralleled by a large population living in poverty -stricken rural areas. The low return to agricultural production drives rural men and women to leave their villages and seek jobs in cities. In the meantime, the booming urban economy, especially in Beijing , Shanghai, and other coastal cities, has been in dire need of cheap labor for their manufacturing, construction, and many other low-end service industries. Both forces “push and pull” millions of rural peasants to work in cities, making this unprecedented phenomenon of internal migration in China .
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Notes
- 1.
According to the National Bureau of Statistics of China (2013), “rural migrant workers” or waichu nongmin gong (外出农民工) are defined as rural laborers who work and live in areas outside the towns or townships of their residential registration (hukou, 户口) for a period longer than six months in the survey year.
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Chen, J., Wang, D., Zhou, Y. (2017). Education for Population Control: Migrant Children’s Education Under New Policies in Beijing. In: Cha, YK., Gundara, J., Ham, SH., Lee, M. (eds) Multicultural Education in Glocal Perspectives. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-2222-7_11
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