Abstract
Social cognitive theory distinguishes between two broad classes of motivation (Bandura, 1986). One class of motivators is biologically based. They include physiological conditions arising from cellular deficits and external aversive events that activate behavior through their physically painful effects. The second major source of motivators is cognitively based. In cognitively-generated motivation, people motivate themselves and guide their actions anticipatorily through the exercise of forethought. They anticipate likely outcomes of prospective actions, they set goals for themselves and plan courses of action designed to realize valued futures.
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Bandura, A. (1988). Self-Regulation of Motivation and Action Through Goal Systems. In: Hamilton, V., Bower, G.H., Frijda, N.H. (eds) Cognitive Perspectives on Emotion and Motivation. NATO ASI Series, vol 44. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-2792-6_2
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