Definition
According to O’Connor (1990), normative data are (observational, empirical, statistical) data that summarize what is usual or typical in a defined population, culture, institution, or health care system at a specific point or period of time, and describe observed phenomena or characteristics.
Normative data are used to compare characteristics or specific conditions of a group of people or an individual person with data for the average person of a reference group (The EuroQol Group’s International Task Force on Self-Reported Health, 2004). Such data therefore permit the identification of variations in the measured characteristics in comparison with the distribution of these characteristics in the reference population. Thereby, the reference population indicates what is “normal”, and normative data help to identify deviations from these norms (Ware & Keller, 1996).
S...
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
American Psychological Association. (1985). Standards for educational and psychological testing. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.
Anastasi, A. (1973). Tests psicológicos. Madrid, Spain: Aguilar.
Bergner, M., Bobbitt, R. A., Pollard, W. E., Martin, D. P., & Gilson, B. S. (1976). The sickness impact profile: Validation of a health status measure. Medical Care, 14, 57–67.
Cronbach, L. J. (1972). Fundamentos de la exploración psicológica. Madrid, Spain: Biblioteca Nueva.
Crum, R. M., Anthony, J. C., Bassett, S. S., & Folstein, M. F. (1993). Population-based norms for the mini-mental state examination by age and educational level. Journal of the American Medical Association, 269, 2386–2391.
Ferrer, M., Villasante, C., Alonso, J., Sobradillo, V., Gabriel, R., Vilagut, G., et al. (2002). Interpretation of quality of life scores from the St George’s respiratory questionnaire. European Respiratory Journal, 19, 405–413.
Forsberg, C., & Bjorvell, H. (1993). Swedish population norms for the GHRI, HI and STAI-state. Quality of Life Research, 2, 349–356.
Fryback, D. G., Dunham, N. C., Palta, M., Hanmer, J., Buechner, J., Cherepanov, D., et al. (2007). US norms for six generic health-related quality-of-life indexes from the National Health Measurement study. Medical Care, 45, 1162–1170.
Gandek, B., & Ware, J. E., Jr. (1998). Methods for validating and norming translations of health status questionnaires: The IQOLA Project approach. International Quality of Life Assessment. Journal of Clinical Epidemiology, 51, 953–959.
Hopman, W. M., Towheed, T., Anastassiades, T., Tenenhouse, A., Poliquin, S., Berger, C., et al. (2000). Canadian normative data for the SF-36 health survey. Canadian Multicentre Osteoporosis Study Research Group. Canadian Medical Association Journal, 163, 265–271.
Klee, M., Groenvold, M., & Machin, D. (1997). Quality of life of Danish women: Population-based norms of the EORTC QLQ-C30. Quality of Life Research, 6, 27–34.
McHorney, C. A. (1999). Health status assessment methods for adults: Past accomplishments and future challenges. Annual Review of Public Health, 20, 309–335.
O’Brien, B. J., Buxton, M. J., & Ferguson, B. A. (1995). Measuring the effectiveness of heart transplant programmes: Quality of life data and their relationship to survival analysis. Journal of Chronic Diseases, 40 (Suppl), S137–158.
O'Connor, P. J. (1990). Normative data: Their definition, interpretation, and importance for primary care physicians. Family Medicine, 22, 307–311.
Ravens-Sieberer, U., Gosch, A., Rajmil, L., Erhart, M., Bruil, J., Power, M., et al. (2008). The KIDSCREEN-52 quality of life measure for children and adolescents: Psychometric results from a cross-cultural survey in 13 European countries. Value in Health, 11, 645–658.
Stewart, A. L., Greenfield, S., Hays, R. D., Wells, K., Rogers, W. H., Berry, S. D., et al. (1989). Functional status and well-being of patients with chronic conditions. Results from the Medical Outcomes Study. Journal of the American Medical Association, 262, 907–913.
The EuroQol Group’s International Task Force on Self-Reported Health (2004). Measuring self-reported population health: An international perspective based on EQ-5D. Retrieved from http://www.euroqol.org/fileadmin/user_upload/Documenten/PDF/Books/Measuring_Self-Reported_Population_Health_-_An_International_Perspective_based_on_EQ-5D.pdf.
Ware, J. E., Jr., & Keller, S. D. (1996). Interpreting general health measures. In B. Spilker (Ed.), Quality of life and pharmacoeconomics in clinical trials (2nd ed., pp. 445–460). Philadelphia: Lippincott-Raven.
Ware, J. E., Kosinski, M., & Dewey, J. E. (2000). How to score. Version 2 of the SF-36 health survey (Standard & acute forms). Lincoln, RI: Quality Metric Incorporated.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2014 Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht
About this entry
Cite this entry
Schmidt, S., Pardo, Y. (2014). Normative Data. In: Michalos, A.C. (eds) Encyclopedia of Quality of Life and Well-Being Research. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-0753-5_1964
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-0753-5_1964
Publisher Name: Springer, Dordrecht
Print ISBN: 978-94-007-0752-8
Online ISBN: 978-94-007-0753-5
eBook Packages: Humanities, Social Sciences and Law