Abstract
Nearly 120 years ago, Sir Francis Galton expressed a theoretical preconception or intuition which most people - certainly most present-day psychologists - would regard as highly counter-intuitive, namely, the notion that reaction time (RT) is related to intelligence. The common reactions of disbelief to this notion express the view that nothing as simple, trivial, and nonintellectual as RT could possibly reflect anything as subtle, complex, and mysterious as human intelligence, and it is remarked that the most highly intelligent persons often appear to be slow but deep thinkers. In much of popular thought, speed of mental action implies superficiality; slowness, profundity.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Baumeister AA, Kellas G (1968a) Reaction time and mental retardation. In: Ellis NR (ed) International Review of Research in Mental Retardation,vol 3. Academic Press, New York,pp 163–193
Baumeister AA,Kellas G(1968c)Intrasubject response variability in relation to intelligence. J Abnorm Psychol 73:421–423
Berkson G, Baumeister AA (1967) Reaction time variability of mental defectives and normals. Am J Ment Defic 72: 262–266
Blough DS (1977) Visual search in the pigeon: hunt and peck method. Science 196: 1013–1914
Brand C (1981) General intelligence and mental speed: their relationship and development. In: Friedman MP, Das JP, O’Conner N (eds) Intelligence and Learning. Plenum Press, New York, pp 589–593
Callaway E (1975) Brain electrical potentials and individual psychological differences. Grune & Straton New York
Chiang A, Atkinson RC (1976) Individual differences and interrelationships among a select set of cognitive skills. Mem Cogn 4: 661–672
Conel JL (ed) (1939–1963) The postnatal development of the human cerebral cortex, vol 1–4. Harvard University Press, Cambridge MA
Eddy DR (1973) Memory processes in Macaca speciosa: mental processes revealed by reaction time experiments. PhD disertation, Carnegie-Mellon University
Elliott CD, Murray DJ (1977) The measurement of speed of problem solving and its relation to children’s age and ability. Br J Educ Psychol 47: 50–59
Eysenck HJ (1967) Intelligence assessment: a theoretical and experimental approach. Br J Educ Psychol 37: 81–98
Fitts PM (1954) The information capacity of the human motor system in controlling the amplitude of movement. J Exp Psychol 47: 381–391
Galton F (1883) Inquiries into human faculty and its development. Macmillan, London
Galton F (1908) Memories of my life. Methuen,London
Gilbert JA (1894) Researchers on the mental and physical development of school-children. Stud Yale Psychol Lab 2: 40–100
Hick W (1952) On the rate of gain of information. Q J Exp Psychol 4: 11–26
Hunt E (1976) Varieties of cognitive power. In: Resnick LB (ed) The nature of intelligence. Erlbaum,Hillsdale NJ pp 237–259
Hyman R (1953) Stimulus information as a determinant of reaction time. J Exp Psychol 45: 188–196
Jensen AR (1979)g:Outmoded theory or unconquered frontier?Creat Sci Tech 2:16–29
Jensen AR (1980) Chronometric analysis of mental ability. J Soc Biol Struct 3: 181–224
Jensen AR (1982) The chronometry of intelligence. In: Sternberg RJ (ed) Advances in research on Intelligence, (vol 1. Erlbaum Hillsdale NJ, pp 242–267
Jensen AR, Munro E (1974) Reaction time, movement time, and intelligence. Intelligence 3: 121–126
Jensen AR, Schafer EWP, Crinella FM (1981) Reaction time, evoked brain potentials and psychometric g in the severely retarded. Intelligence 5: 179–197
Keating DP, Bobbitt B (1978) Individual and developmental differences in cognitive processingm components of mental ability. Child Dev 49: 155–169
Kutas M, McCarthy G, Donchin E (1977) Augmenting mental chronometry: the P300 as a measure of stimulus evaluation time. Science 197: 792–795
Lally M, Nettelbeck T (1977) Intelligence, reaction time, and inspection time. Am J Ment Defic 82: 273–281
Lemmon VW (1927) The relation of reaction time to measure of intelligence, memory, and learning. Arch Psychol 15: 5–38
Libet B (1965) Cortical activation in conscious and unconscious experience. Perspect Biol Med 9: 77–86
Libet B, Alberts WW, Wright EW Jr, Feinstein B (1971) Cortical and thalamic activation in conscious sensory experience. In: neurophysiology studied in man. Procedings of a symposium, 20–22 July, 1971. Excerpta Medica, Amsterdam, pp 157–168
Liebert AM, Baumeister AA (1973) Behavioral variability among retardates, children, and college students. J Psychol 83: 57–65
McCauley C, Dugas J, Kellas G, DeVellis RF (1976) Effects of serial rehearsal training on memory search. J Educ Psychol 68: 474–481
Merkel J (1885) Die zeitlichen Verhältnisse der Willensthätigkeit. Philos Stud 2: 73–127
Nettelbeck T, Brewer N (1981) Studies of mental retardation and timed performance. In: Ellis NR (ed) International review of research in metal retardation,vol 10. Academic Press,New York,pp 97–125
Nettelbeck T, Lally M (1976) Inspection time and measured intelligence. Br J Psychol 67: 17–22
Peak H, Boring EG (1926) The factor of speed in intelligence. J Exp Psychol 9: 71–94
Posner MI (1969) Abstraction and the process of recognition. In: Bower GH, Spence JT (eds)The psychology of Learning and Motivation, vol 3. Academic Press, New York, pp 43–100
Posner MI, Boies S, Eichelman W, Taylor R (1969) Retention of visual and name codes of single letters. J Exp Psychol 81: 10–15
Riley DA (1976) Comments on Simon’s paper, and some observations on information processing in animals. In: M.R. Rosenzweig MR, Bennett EL (eds) Neural mechanisms in learning and memory. MIT Press, Cambridge MA, pp 224–229
Roth E (1964) Die Geschwindigkeit der Verarbeitung von Information und ihr Zusammenhang mit Intelligenz. Z Exp Angew Psychol 11: 616–622
Schafer EWP (1979) Cognitive neural adaptibility: a biological basis for individual differences in intelligence. Psychophysiology 16: 199
Schafer EWP, Marcus MM (1973) Self-stimulation alters human sensory brain responses. Science 181: 175–177
Shannon CE, Weaver W (1949) The mathematical theory of communication. University of Illinois Press, Urbana IL
Snow RE, Marshalek B, Lohman DF (1976) Correlation of selected cognitive abilities and cognitive processing parameters: an exploratory study. Technical Report 3, aptitude research project. School of Education Stanford University,Palo Alto CA
Spearman C (1927) The abilities of man. Macmillan,New York
Spearman C, Jones LLW (1950) Human Ability.Macmillan, London
Spiegel MR, Bryant ND (1978) Is speed of processing information related to intelligence and achievement? J Educ Psychol 70: 904–910
Sternberg RJ (1977) Intelligence, information processing, and anological reasoning: the componential analysis of human abilities. Erlbaum,Hillsdale NJ
Sternberg S (1966) High speed scanning in human memory. Science 153: 652–654
Vernon PA (1981) Reaction time and intelligence in the mentally retarded. Intelligence 5: 345–355
Wade MG, Newell KM, Wallace SA (1978) Decision time and movement time as a function of response complexity in retarded persons. Am J Ment Defic 83: 135–144
White PO (1973) Individual differences in speed,accuracy, and persistence: a mathematical model for problem solving. In: Eysenck HJ (ed) The Measurement of Intelligence. Williams & Wilkins, Baltimore, pp 246–260
Wissler C (1901) The correlation of mental and physical tests. Psychol Rev Monogr 3:
Woodworth RS, Schlosberg H (1954) Experimental psychology. Holt, Rinehart and Winston, New York
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1982 Springer-Verlag, Berlin Heidelberg
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Jensen, A.R. (1982). Reaction Time and Psychometric g . In: Eysenck, H.J. (eds) A Model for Intelligence. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-68664-1_4
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-68664-1_4
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-642-68666-5
Online ISBN: 978-3-642-68664-1
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive