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Physical Activity and Cancer pp 101–133Cite as

Physical Activity and Lung Cancer Prevention

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Part of the book series: Recent Results in Cancer Research ((RECENTCANCER,volume 186))

Abstract

Since lung cancer is among the cancers with the highest incidence and has the highest mortality rate of cancer worldwide, the means of reducing its impact are urgently needed. Emerging evidence shows that physical activity plays an etiological role in lung cancer risk reduction. The majority of studies support the fact that total and recreational physical activity reduces lung cancer risk by 20–30% for women and 20–50% for men, and there is evidence of a dose–response effect. The biological mechanisms operating between physical activity and lung cancer are likely complex and influenced by many factors including inherited or acquired susceptibility genes, gender, smoking, and other environmental factors. Several plausible biological factors and mechanisms have been hypothesized linking physical activity to reduced lung cancer risk including: improved pulmonary function, reduced concentrations of carcinogenic agents in the lungs, enhanced immune function, reduced inflammation, enhanced DNA repair capacity, changes in growth factor levels and possible gene–physical activity interactions. Future research should target the possible subgroup effects and the biologic mechanisms that may be involved.

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Acknowledgment

Aina Emaus was funded by the Norwegian Cancer Society (grant 05087) and Inger Thune was funded by The Research Council of Norway while working on this book chapter. The authors would like to express their appreciation for the helpful suggestions and discussions made by Jessica Clague and other colleagues at the Department of Etiology, City of Hope, CA, USA.

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  1. Division of Cancer Etiology, Department of Population Science, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA, USA

    Aina Emaus

  2. Department of Oncology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway

    Aina Emaus & Inger Thune

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  1. Aina Emaus
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  2. Inger Thune
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Correspondence to Aina Emaus .

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  1. Fac. Physical Education & Recreation, University of Alberta, Van Vliet Center E488, Edmonton, T6G 2H9, Alberta, Canada

    Kerry S. Courneya

  2. Div. Population Health & Information, Tom Baker Cancer Centre, 29th Street NW., 1331, Calgary, T2N 4N2, Alberta, Canada

    Christine M. Friedenreich

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Emaus, A., Thune, I. (2010). Physical Activity and Lung Cancer Prevention. In: Courneya, K., Friedenreich, C. (eds) Physical Activity and Cancer. Recent Results in Cancer Research, vol 186. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-04231-7_5

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