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Developmental Epidemiology of Social Anxiety and Social Phobia in Adolescents

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Social Anxiety and Phobia in Adolescents

Abstract

This chapter reports on the prevalence of social anxiety disorder (SAD) and social fears in Western and non-Western countries, onset and course characteristics, mental and physical comorbidities, as well as risk factor constellations based on findings from clinical and population-based samples in children, adolescents, and adults. SAD represents one of the most common mental disorders: About one-fifth of the population reports unreasonably strong social fears, ranging from pervasive shyness to more or less isolated social fears; another 13 % of the population meets the diagnostic criteria for social anxiety disorder at some point in their life. Childhood and adolescence have emerged as developmentally sensitive time windows for first onset, with considerable persistence but also substantial fluctuations in symptom severity around the diagnostic threshold up to adulthood. Remission is rare, posing affected youth at risk for secondary complications such as depressive and substance use disorders and somatic conditions. Risk factors that have been implicated in the development of SAD include deficits in social skills and negative peer status, as well as family-related factors such as parental psychopathology, heritability estimates and temperament, anxiogenic parenting, and transmission of interpretation bias. Future studies may benefit from such a family-oriented perspective to depict the divergent developmental sequence, to provide a comprehensive model in promoting epidemiological understanding of SAD, and to delineate targeted prevention and early interventions.

Contribution upon request for Ranta, K., La Greca, A. M., Garcia-Lopez, L.-J., Marttunen, M., (eds). Social Anxiety and Phobia in Adolescents: Development, Manifestation and Intervention Strategies. Springer.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany

    Susanne Knappe

  2. Faculty of Human Sciences, Mejiro University, Tokyo, Japan

    Satoko Sasagawa PhD

  3. School of Psychology and Clinical Language Sciences, University of Reading, Reading, Berkshire, UK

    Cathy Creswell BA (Ox) Hons, D Clin Psy, PhD

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  1. Susanne Knappe
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  2. Satoko Sasagawa PhD
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  3. Cathy Creswell BA (Ox) Hons, D Clin Psy, PhD
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Correspondence to Susanne Knappe .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Dept of Adolescent Psychiatry, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland

    Klaus Ranta

  2. University of Miami, Coral Gables, Florida, USA

    Annette M La Greca

  3. Department of Psychology, University of Jaen, Jaen, Spain

    Luis-Joaquin Garcia-Lopez

  4. Department of Mental Health and Substance Abuse, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland

    Mauri Marttunen

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Knappe, S., Sasagawa, S., Creswell, C. (2015). Developmental Epidemiology of Social Anxiety and Social Phobia in Adolescents. In: Ranta, K., La Greca, A., Garcia-Lopez, LJ., Marttunen, M. (eds) Social Anxiety and Phobia in Adolescents. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-16703-9_3

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